Thrombosis associated with internal jugular vein cannulation in diabetics and hypertensives: a prospective observational study

Background: Thromboembolism is one of the major complications associated with central venous catheters (CVC) which is sub-clinical most of the time, hence un-diagnosed leading to various life-threatening complications. Studies on catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) have been conducted on patients with malignant conditions and seldom been done on diabetics and hypertensives which are more commonly encountered in day to day practice. The aim of our study was to know the incidence of CRT formation in diabetics and hypertensives. Material and Methods: This prospective, observational, hospital-based study was conducted after obtaining clearance from institutional ethics committee and patients consent, 105 patients requiring CVC insertion as a part of their treatment were selected and divided into three groups, Group D, Group H and Group C, each consisting of 35 patients with type II Diabetes mellitus, hypertension and ASA I patients respectively. Right Internal jugular vein (IJV) was cannulated and the occurrence of thrombus and its progression was noted using serial color Doppler sonography. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 22 version software. Chi-square test and ANOVA test were used. P<0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: The incidence of CRT was 34.3 %, 20 %, 8.57% in Group D, Group H and Group C respectively. The rate of thrombus formation was statistically significant in Group D (P 0.008). Conclusions: We have observed CRT formation in all the study groups with a statistically significant higher incidence in diabetics compared to hypertensives and ASA 1 patients.