Open Source Initiatives in Public Libraries in Sri Lanka: Study of Expert’s Perception

Libraries gradually integrate technology into library operations to provide an effective service. In this process, Open Source Software (OSS) is a great solution public libraries initiate with existing limited resources. This paper attempts to present an account on major open source initiatives of the public libraries of Sri Lanka, factors affecting the popularity of some OSS, and challenges faced in moving to and adopting OSS by public libraries of Sri Lanka. The study was based on the qualitative research method, and an expert sampling technique was employed. Five national level experts in library technology were identified based on a predefined set of criteria. The findings revealed that 10.7% of public libraries in Sri Lanka have currently automated their functions. Koha Integrated Library Management System (ILMS) is the main OSS used in public library automation during the last ten years from 2011-2021. The study identified factors motivating public libraries to adopt some OSS, mainly Koha ILMS, such as advanced features and functions of Koha, lower funding requirement, its compliance with many international standards, availability of subject experts, Unicode compatibility, high system quality, high user friendliness, and integrating Koha ILMS into the LIS courses. The main challenge faced by public libraries in adopting OSS was the lack of technical knowledge for installation and maintenance, which makes them depending on external sources in implementing open source initiatives. The study suggested the need for a proper national or regional level mechanism to provide continuous support for public libraries in Sri Lanka in technological developments.