An Analysis of Public Perceptions on the Effectiveness of Mediation Boards in Sri Lanka as a Mechanism for Conflict Resolution

This study investigates public perceptions regarding the effectiveness of Mediation Boards in resolving disputes within the Colombo District of Sri Lanka. Although these boards are intended to alleviate court congestion and provide a cost-effective alternative to formal litigation, significant doubts persist regarding their actual efficacy. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research integrates quantitative data from 200 survey respondents with qualitative insights from 15 semi-structured interviews. The findings reveal a marked disparity between the institutional objectives of the mediation system and public experience: while participants reported high levels of "voice" or engagement, perceptions of neutrality and trust remained notably low. Furthermore, 88% of respondents engaged in mediation only due to mandatory referrals, suggesting a reliance on legal compulsion rather than voluntary trust in the process. With only 35% of disputes resolved within a six-month timeframe and the majority of cases eventually reverting to the court system, the study highlights a critical need for structural improvements to enhance the perceived impartiality and functional efficiency of these boards.