The Therapeutic Role Embodied in Sri Lankan Nari Kolam Characters: A Cultural Psychological Perspective

Kolam drama is a traditional folk performance in Sri Lanka, widely practiced in the Western and Southern coastal regions. It integrates dance, music, mask-making, and storytelling to depict social, cultural, and psychological themes. Among its many forms, Nari Kolam holds a unique place due to its focus on female-centered characters that embody complex emotional and social narratives. This study examines the therapeutic role of selected female Nari Kolam characters, Giri Devi, Surabha Valliya, Panchanari Ghataya, Naga Kanya, and Narilatha through a cultural psychological perspective. The primary objective of this research is to explore how the portrayal of these characters facilitates emotional expression and contributes to the psychological well-being of the audience. A qualitative research methodology was employed, combining literary analysis with field-based data collection methods such as participant observation, residual study, and semi-structured interviews. The study was conducted within the Olaboduwa traditional Kolam lineage, involving a sample of ten dancers, ten drummers, and twenty audience members. Findings indicate that Nari Kolam performances create a symbolic and emotionally engaging space that allows individuals to express suppressed emotions such as anger, sadness, and joy. This aligns with the concept of catharsis, which emphasizes emotional release as a pathway to psychological relief. Furthermore, each character represents distinct aspects of feminine identity, social relationships, and moral tensions. The study concludes that Nari Kolam functions as a culturally embedded therapeutic mechanism that promotes emotional healing, social reflection, and collective integration. It highlights the importance of preserving traditional performance arts as valuable resources for cultural and psychological well-being in contemporary society.