Clinicopathological profile of urological malignancies at Teaching Hospital in Jaffna Peninsula of Northern Sri Lanka

Urological malignancies remains significant health hazards over the years. Prostate cancer is the commonest cancer in male worldwide. There have been various studies done in other parts of Sri Lanka to establish the characteristics of urological malignancies. But the data from Jaffna is lacking.

 

This study was a retrospective cross-sectional study. Data of all histologically proven urological malignancies of Teaching Hospital Jaffna (THJ) between 1st of January 2018 and 1st of June 2021 were analyzed.

 

The most commonly identified urological malignancy was prostate carcinoma (62.3%, n=101) with mean age of 71.6 years. 98% were adeno carcinoma. 59.4% had stages equal or more than T3 and 41.6% had Gleason score of 8 or more. 59.4% of the patients presented with metastatic prostatic carcinoma.

 

Bladder malignancies were seen in 27.8% with the mean age of 68.6 years. Male to female ratio was 5:1, 97.7% were primary urothelial malignancies. 80% were organ confined disease. 57.8% were high grade and 35.5% were muscle invasive. Nearly 6.2% of the patients were diagnosed with renal carcinoma and mean age was 53.9 years. The male to female ratio was 2:3. 80% were clearcell renal cell carcinoma, 70% were localized.Eighty percentage diagnosed cancers had stage equal or less than T2. Nearly 3.7% of the patients had penile cancers. All of them were squamous cell carcinoma while 66.7% diagnosed cancers had stage equal or less than T2.

 

Prostate carcinoma was the most common urological malignancy identified in this study. Most of the renal and penile carcinoma was diagnosed at early stages in contrast with bladder and prostate carcinoma.