Brucellosis outbreak among dairy farm workers in Hambantota District, Sri Lanka

Introduction: Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease affecting both humans and animals worldwide. This case report describes a 23-year-old farm worker diagnosed with brucellosis at a livestock farm in Hambantota District, Sri Lanka, prompting an epidemiological investigation.  
Objectives: To confirm the outbreak, assess transmission dynamics and occupational risk factors, and recommend control measures     
Methods: An outbreak investigation involving 164 farm workers was conducted by a multidisciplinary team. Suspected cases were identified using a standard case definition, and blood samples were tested using ELISA for Brucella IgM.  
Results: Ten suspected cases were identified; seven tested positive for Brucella IgM. Infected cows were still being milked and their milk distributed, increasing zoonotic risk. Personnel protective equipment (PPE) use was inconsistent and educational tours continued during the outbreak. 
Conclusions & Recommendations: The outbreak highlighted urgent safety issues. Recommendations include isolation of infected cattle, PPE use, disinfection, restricted tours, enhanced surveillance, strengthened biosecurity, worker and animal health monitoring and public awareness campaigns.