Awareness about Noise Induced Hearing loss and usage pattern of headphones among medical students

Background: The study investigates Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) among medical students, who are increasingly using headphones. It employs surveys and interviews to assess their knowledge, listening habits, and attitudes toward protective measures. The research highlights the need for educational interventions to promote safer listening practices. The goal is to protect the auditory health of future healthcare professionals and their patients.
Methods: A mixed method approach was employed with qualitative survey and qualitative interviews were carried out among medical students enrolled at University Hospital KDU during their 3rd, 4th, and 5th academic years from May 2024 to August 2024. Data was collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire questions consisting 29 questions related to Awareness of NIHL, causes of NIHL, Headphone usage and sound exposure habits and educational level.
Results: Only about 39.2% (n=22) of respondents knew about the type of hearing loss that NIHL is while the rest did not. 74% (n=145) of participants either disagreed or partially agrees that safe headphone volume prevents hearing damage. Around 69.4% (n=136) knew that significant hearing loss would affect communication and 55.6% (n=109) agreed it was preventable. Moreover, 74.0% (n=145) agreed that loud noises can cause irreversible hearing loss. Notably, 23.4% (n=46) were unsure about the irreversible nature of the hearing loss.  
Conclusion: Many engage in unsafe listening behaviors, despite having positive attitudes towards protective measures. The majority had not received formal education on NIHL. A key finding is that an emphasize is need for targeted educational interventions to promote safer habits and awareness.