Table 1
Sociodemographic respondent profile.
| JUDGES (N = 150) | ENTREPRENEURS (N = 178) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| N(%)/M(SD) | N(%)/M(SD) | ||
| Age | 45.02 (7.69) | 43.72 (10.12) | |
| Gender | Female | 77 (51.3%) | 82 (46.1%) |
| Male | 73 (48.7%) | 96 (53.9%) | |
| Education: | Primary or vocational | – | 16 (9.0%) |
| Mid-level | – | 53 (29.8%) | |
| Higher education (including bachelor’s degree) | 141 (94.0%) | 102 (57.3%) | |
| Doctorate or other academic degree | 9 (6.0%) | 4 (2.2%) | |
| Other | – | 3 (1.7%) | |
| Place of residence: | Village | 20 (13.3%) | 33 (18.5%) |
| City to 50,000 residents | 26 (17.3%) | 25 (14.0%) | |
| City from 50,000 to 200,000 inhabitants | 44 (29.3%) | 47 (26.4%) | |
| City over 200,000 residents | 60 (40.0%) | 73 (41.0%) | |
| Number of years working at current location | 13.67 (9.23) | 13.33 (9.77) | |
[i] Note: n – frequency; % – percentage of subjects; M – mean; SD – standard deviation.
Table 2
Comparison of entrepreneurs and judges in terms of the variables analysed (results of the t-student test).
| JUDGES AND ASSESSORS | ENTREPRENEURS | T | P | EFFECT SIZE | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | SD | M | SD | ||||
| Dimensions of willingness to use mediation | |||||||
| Willingness to use mediation when involved by virtue of their professional duties in a dispute between two parties who wish to assert their rights in court | 8.05 | 2.35 | 6.42 | 2.41 | 6.16 | .001 | 0.68 |
| Willingness to use mediation when a party to a dispute between persons/institutions who wish to assert their rights in court | 7.51 | 2.50 | 6.52 | 2.35 | 3.67 | .001 | 0.41 |
| Willingness to use mediation when someone close to you (family, friends) is asserting their rights in court | 7.71 | 2.40 | 6.57 | 2.36 | 4.29 | .001 | 0.48 |
| Areas of mediation that need regulatory change | |||||||
| Level of public awareness of mediation | 6.06 | 1.58 | 5.82 | 1.90 | 1.17 | .242 | 0.13 |
| Availability of mediation and mediators | 4.92 | 1.64 | 5.24 | 1.67 | 1.67 | .096 | 0.19 |
| Legal provisions concerning the obligation to enter into mediation | 4.19 | 1.89 | 4.87 | 1.69 | 3.20 | .002 | 0.38 |
| Cost of mediation | 3.82 | 1.90 | 4.78 | 1.64 | 4.48 | .001 | 0.54 |
| Popularity of mediation among judges | 5.37 | 1.75 | 6.11 | 1.49 | 4.02 | .001 | 0.46 |
| Popularity of mediation among trial attorneys | 5.63 | 1.89 | 6.01 | 1.65 | 1.88 | .062 | 0.22 |
Table 3
Correlations between willingness to use mediation and selected sociodemographic variables (results for entrepreneurs below the diagonal; results for judges above the diagonal).
| NO. | VARIABLES | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Willingness to use mediation when involved by virtue of their professional duties in a dispute between two parties who wish to assert their rights in court | — | .73** | .80** | .03 | .06 | –.16* | .03 |
| 2 | Willingness to use mediation when a party to a dispute between persons/institutions who wish to assert their rights in court | .91** | — | .78** | .02 | .01 | –.20* | –.03 |
| 3 | Willingness to use mediation when someone close to you (family, friends) is asserting their rights in court | .86** | .94** | — | –.11 | –.02 | –.15 | –.15 |
| 4 | Age | –.15 | –.16* | –.13 | — | –.10 | –.13 | .70** |
| 5 | Education | .22** | .31** | .25** | –.25** | — | .18* | –.07 |
| 6 | Size of the place of residence | .14 | .12 | .13 | –.02 | .07 | — | –.15 |
| 7 | Years of working experience at the current position | –.22** | –.23** | –.23** | .74** | –.14 | –.09 | — |
[i] Note. **p < .01, *p < .05.
Table 4
Correlations between selected sociodemographic variables and aspects of mediation that require changes (results for entrepreneurs are presented below the diagonal; results for judges are presented above the diagonal).
| NO. | VARIABLES | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Age | — | –.13 | –.10 | .70** | .09 | .05 | –.04 | .16 | .17* | .01 |
| 2 | Education | –.02 | — | .18* | –.19* | –.04 | –.12 | .01 | .01 | –.08 | –.07 |
| 3 | Size of the place of residence | –.25** | .07 | — | –.05 | –.24** | –.12 | .04 | .10 | –.09 | –.07 |
| 4 | Years of working experience at the current position | .74** | –.10 | –.15* | — | .11 | .10 | –.04 | .15 | .14 | –.03 |
| Aspects of mediation that need regulatory change | |||||||||||
| 5 | Level of public awareness of mediation | .14 | –.05 | –.05 | .04 | — | .12 | .10 | .09 | .28** | .52** |
| 6 | Availability of mediation and mediators | .18* | –.07 | –.03 | .11 | .57** | — | –.11 | .12 | .15 | .10 |
| 7 | Legal provisions concerning the obligation to enter into mediation | .02 | .00 | –.04 | –.06 | .40** | .49** | — | .46** | –.10 | .03 |
| 8 | Cost of mediation | .14 | .07 | .00 | .00 | .21* | .34** | .43** | — | .05 | .03 |
| 9 | Popularity of mediation among judges | .16* | –.06 | –.13 | .02 | .71** | .59** | .45** | .45** | — | .62** |
| 10 | Popularity of mediation among trial lawyers | .24** | –.04 | –.15 | .10 | .75** | .59** | .41** | .35** | .89** | — |
[i] Note. **p < .01, *p < .05.