Characteristics of the neonatal study population_
| Neonatal characteristics | N | Mean ± SD | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal Age (years) | 1,082 | 23.54 ± 2.80 | 19–32 |
| Gestational Age (weeks) | 1,082 | 39.41 ± 1.33 | 37–41 |
| Hours of Life | 1,082 | 8.30 ± 2.85 | 4–22 |
| Birth Weight (Kg) | 1,082 | 2.72 ± 0.124 | 2.5–3.2 |
| Heart Rate (beats per minute) | 1082 | 151 ± 13 | 120–168 |
| Respiratory Rate (rate/ min) | 1,082 | 43.5 ± 5 | 38–58 |
| SpO2 (in %) First Reading (R1) | 1,062 | 97 ± 1 | 95–100 |
| 18 | 93 ± 1 | 92–94 | |
| 2 | 86 ± 1 | 85–87 | |
| SpO2 (in %) Second Reading (R2) | 15 | 96 ± 1 | 96–100 |
| 3 | 93 ± 1 | 92–94 | |
| SpO2 (in %) Third Reading (R3) | 15 | 97 ± 1 | 96–100 |
| 3 | 93 ± 1 | 92–94 |
Group-wise distribution of neonates in the study_
| Groups | Frequency | Percentage | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Birth Weight | 2.5 to 3 Kgs | 1,021 | 94.4 |
| 3.1 to 4 Kgs | 61 | 5.6 | |
| Sex | Female | 513 | 47.4 |
| Male | 569 | 52.6 | |
| Heart Rate (beats / min) | 120 to 140 | 183 | 16.9 |
| 141 to 160 | 733 | 67.7 | |
| 161 to 180 | 166 | 15.3 | |
| Respiratory Rate (per minute) | 38 to 47 | 821 | 75.9 |
| 48 to 58 | 261 | 24.1 | |
| Hours of Life at Pulse oximetry Evaluation | 2 to 6 hours | 324 | 29.9 |
| 6 to 12 hours | 693 | 64.0 | |
| 12 to 24 hours | 65 | 6.0 | |
| Total | 1,082 | 100.0 |
Distribution of Maternal Characteristics
| Maternal characteristics | Group | Frequency | Percentage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal Age (years) | ≤ 20 | 108 | 10.0 |
| 21 to 25 | 597 | 55.2 | |
| 26 to 30 | 342 | 31.6 | |
| > 30 | 35 | 3.2 | |
| Gestational Age (weeks) | 37 | 97 | 9 |
| 38 | 344 | 31.7 | |
| 39 | 348 | 29.4 | |
| 40 | 217 | 20.1 | |
| 41 | 106 | 9.8 | |
| Registration Status | Non-registered | 425 | 39.3 |
| Registered | 657 | 60.7 | |
| H/O Diabetes | No | 1,079 | 99.7 |
| Yes | 3 | 0.3 | |
| Mode of Delivery | Normal | 842 | 77.8 |
| LSCS | 240 | 22.2 | |
| Infections during pregnancy | No | 1,045 | 96.6 |
| URTI | 19 | 1.8 | |
| Malaria | 8 | 0.7 | |
| Torch | 6 | 0.6 | |
| Hepatitis | 4 | 0.4 | |
| Total | 1,082 | 100.0 |
Oxygen Saturation (SpO2) by Pulse Oximeter
| SpO2 | Groups | Frequency | Percentage |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st Reading (R1) | ≥ 95% | 1,062 | 98.1 |
| 90%–94% | 18 | 1.7 | |
| < 90% | 2 | 0.2 | |
| Total | 1,082 | 100.0 | |
| 1st Repeat (R2) | ≥ 95% | 15 | 83.3 |
| 90%–94% | 3 | 16.7 | |
| Total | 18 | 100.0 | |
| 2nd Repeat (R3) | ≥ 95% | 15 | 83.3 |
| 90%–94% | 3 | 16.7 | |
| Total | 18 | 100.0 |
Saturation and presentation of newborns suspected of having critical CHD_
| Sr. No | SpO2 (%) | Subsequent SpO2 (%) | Neonatal Presentation | Suspected By | 2D ECHO Diagnosis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 87 | 90 | Grade 3, Systolic murmur | POx and Clinical Examination | TGA + VSD |
| 2 | 85 | 87 | Grade 4, Ejection systolic murmur at left upper parasternal region | POx and Clinical Examination | TOF |
| 3 | 92 | 92 | Normal | Pox | DORV |
| 4 | 92 | 92 | Normal | Pox | ASD + PH |
| 5 | 95 | 96 | Bounding pulse, Grade 4, continuous murmur, left infra-clavicular region | Clinical Examination | PDA |
| 6 | 94 | 94 | Asymptomatic | POx | Normal |
| 7 | 100 | – | Grade 2 systolic murmur | Clinical Examination | Normal |
| 8 | 98 | – | Grade 2 systolic murmur | Clinical Examination | Normal |
| 9 | 97 | – | Grade 2 systolic murmur | Clinical Examination | Normal |
| 10 | 100 | – | Grade 2 systolic murmur | Clinical Examination | Normal |