Effect of continuous supportive telephone counselling on improving breastfeeding self-efficacy in mothers with late preterm infants four months after discharge: A randomized, controlled study

Marzieh Mohammadian; Azam Maleki; Gholamreza Badfar

doi:10.34763/jmotherandchild.20212501.d-20-00017

Figures & Tables

The variation of the self-efficacy score in five time periods

Comparison of breastfeeding self-efficacy scores between intervention and control groups in five time periods (before intervention and monthly up to 4 months after delivery

Variable	Time	Control	Intervention	P-value*
Variable	Time	Mean±SD	Mean±SD	P-value*
Breastfeeding self-efficacy	Before	31.71±4.28	33.18±4.63	0.479
	The first month	32.59±7.36	44.69±9.51	0.001
	The second month	32.75±8.86	48.45±9.26	0.001
	Third month	30.56±9.86	51.18±10.8	0.001
	The fourth month	28.56 ±10.71	53.48±10.13	0.001
	Paired t-test (P-value)	0.129**	0.001**	-

The content of the counselling in terms of each session

The first session was conducted face to face at discharge time, and the rest of the sessions were conducted by telephone daily for 14 days.
First session (face to face)	WelcomeAims and objectivesPre-test with Dennis Breastfeeding Self-EfficacyObserving the infant sucking power (latch) and mother–infant relationship during lactationDiscussing the concept of breastfeeding self-efficacy, factors affecting breastfeeding, and breastfeeding self-efficacy
The second session	Discussing the baby’s general condition, jaundice, and respiratory, urinary, and faecal pattern.Discussing how to determine the adequacy of breastfeeding, hours, and frequency of breastfeedingRegular hand washing and personal hygiene in baby care and breastfeedingMentioning the warning signs and the need to go to the relevant specialists
Third session	Repeating the content of the second sessionEncourage skin-to-skin contact between mother and baby and kangaroo mother care as well as exercise to enhance sucking in preterm infantsNon-nutritious sucking, how to feed the baby with breast milk
Fourth session	Discussing the women’s beliefs and attitudes about breastfeeding, the importance of breast milk in the growth, and development of premature babiesDiscussing the role of the mother’s effort and cooperation in improving the breastfeeding process
Fifth session	Strengthening mothers’ self-confidence, encouraging them to increase their individual skills in baby care, and receiving help from othersFollow-up for routine neonatal care, neonatal screening
Sixth session	Repeating the content of the second to fifth sessions.Discussing how to determine the adequacy of breastfeeding, hours, and frequency of breastfeedingEncourage skin-to-skin contact between mother and baby and kangaroo mother care as well as exercise to enhance sucking in preterm infantsMentioning the warning signs and the need to go to the relevant specialists
Seventh up to Fourteenth sessions	Encouraging mothers to express their feelings, needs, and desires to counsellors and othersReviewing the second to sixth session topicsDiscussing the baby’s general condition, mothers’ self-confidence and coping with baby careDiscussing the women’s beliefs and attitudes about breastfeeding, the importance of breast milk in the growth and development of premature babiesDiscussing factors affecting breastfeeding and breastfeeding self-efficacyThe counselling was with maximum flexibility for the participants

Comparison of the frequency distribution of individual-social characteristics of participants between the two groups Intervention and control

Variable		Intervention		Control		P-value*
Variable		Percentage	Frequency	Percentage	Frequency	P-value*
Education	Illiterate bondage	15.2	5	21.9	7	0.244*
	Middle–high school	21.2	7	31.3	10
	Diploma	30.3	10	34.4	11
	University	33.3	11	12.5	4
Female occupation	Housewife	97	32	93.8	30	0.613**
Female occupation	Employed	3	1	6.3	2
Spouse job	Free	66.7	22	71.9	23	0.649*
Spouse job	Employee	33.3	11	28.1	9	0.649*
Residence	City	81.8	27	96.9	31	0.050*
Residence	Village	18.2	6	3.1	1	0.050*
Gender of the baby	Girl	60.6	20	43.8	14	0.174*
Gender of the baby	Boy	39.4	13	56.3	18	0.174*
Type of delivery	Normal	27.3	9	12.5	4	0.137*
Type of delivery	Cesarean section	72.7	24	87.5	28	0.137*
Monthly income	Less than enough	39.4	13	40.6	13	0. 919*
Monthly income	It is enough	60.6	20	59.4	19	0. 919*
Parity	Primiparous	34.4	12	50	16
Parity	Multiparous	63.6	21	50	16
Sex of baby	Female	60.6	20	43.8	14	0.174*
Sex of baby	Male	39.4	13	56.3	18	0.174*

Effect of continuous supportive telephone counselling on improving breastfeeding self-efficacy in mothers with late preterm infants four months after discharge: A randomized, controlled study

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Figure 2

Comparison of breastfeeding self-efficacy scores between intervention and control groups in five time periods (before intervention and monthly up to 4 months after delivery

The content of the counselling in terms of each session

Comparison of the frequency distribution of individual-social characteristics of participants between the two groups Intervention and control

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