Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Effects of continental boundary layer evolution, convection, turbulence and entrainment, on aerosol formation Cover

Effects of continental boundary layer evolution, convection, turbulence and entrainment, on aerosol formation

Open Access
|Jan 2001

References

  1. Aalto. P. , K. Hämeri , E. Becker , R. Weber , J. Salm , J. Makeld , M. Väkeva , I. Koponen , H. Karlsson and C. Hoell , 2001 . Aerosol physical properties of aerosol particles during nucleation events . Tellus 53B , 344 358 .
  2. Aubinet , M. , Grelle , A. , Ibrom , A. , Rannik , O. , Moncrieff , J. , Foken , T. , Kowalski , A. S. , Martin , P. H. , Berbigier , P. , Bernhofer , Ch. , Clement , R. , Elbers , J. , Granier , A. , Grunwald , T. , Morgenstern , K. , Pilegaard , K. , Rebmann , C. , Snijders , W. , Valentini , R. and Vesala , T . 2000 , Estimates of the annual net carbon and water exchange of European forests: the EUROFLUX meth-odology . Adv. Ecol. Res . 30 , 113 175 .
  3. Bigg , E. K. , Leck , C. and E. D. Nilsson , 1996 . Sudden changes in arctic atmospheric aerosol concentrations during summer and autumn . Tellus 48B , 254 271 .
  4. Birmilli , W. and A. Wiedensohler , 2000 . New particle formation in the continental boundary layer: Meteoro-logical and gas phase parameter influence . Geophys. Res. Let . 27 , 3325 3328 .
  5. Birmilli , W. , A. Wiedensohler , C. Plass-D Ulmer and H. Berresheim , 2000 . Evolution of newly formed aerosol particles in the continental boundary layer: a case study including OH and 112 SO4 measurements . Geo-phys. Res. Let . 27 , 2205 2208 .
  6. Buzorius , G. , Rannik , O. , Mäkelä. , J. M. , Keronen , P. , Vesala , T. and Kulmala , M . 2000 . Vertical aerosol fluxes measured by the eddy covariance method and deposition of nucleation mode particles above a Scots pine forest in southern Finland . J. Geophys. Res . 105 , 19,905 19,916 .
  7. Buzorius , G. , U. Rannik , E. D. Nilsson and M. Kulmala , 2001 . Vertical fluxes and micrometeorology during aerosol particle formation events . Tellus 53B , 394 405 .
  8. Coe , H. , P. I. Williams , G. McFiggans , M. W. Gallagher , K. M. Beswick , K. N. Bower and T. W. Choularton , 2000 . Behaviour of ultrafine particles in continental and marine air masses at a rural site in the United Kingdom. J. Geophys. Res . 105 , 26,891 26,905
  9. De Reus , M. , J. Strom , M. Kulmala , L. Pirjola , J. Leliev-eld , C. Schiller and M. Zöger , 1998 , Airborne aerosol measurements in the tropopause region and the dependence of new particle formation on pre-existing particle number concentration. J. Geophys. Res . 103 , 31,255 31,263
  10. Easter , R. C. and L. K. Peters , 1994 . Binary homogen-eous nucleation: temperature and relative humidity fluctuations, non-linearity and aspects of new particle production in the atmosphere . J. Appl. Meteorol . 33 , 775 784 .
  11. Korhonen , P. , Kulmala , M. , Laaksonen , A. , Viisanen , Y. , McGraw , R. and Seinfeld , J. H . 1999 , Ternary nucleation of H2 SO4, NH3 and H2 in the atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res . 104 , 26,349 26,354
  12. Kulmala , M. , A. Toivonen , J. M. Mäkelä and A. Laak-sonen , 1998 . Analysis of the growth of nucleation mode particles observed in Boreal forest . Tellus 50B , 449 462 .
  13. Kulmala , M. , Pirjola , L. and Mdeklä , J. M . 2000 . Stable sulfate clusters as source of new atmospheric aerosol particles . Nature , 404 , 66 69 .
  14. Kulmala , M. , K. Hämeri , P. P. Aalto , J. M. Mäkelä , L. Pirjola , E. D. Nilsson , G. Buzorius , U. Rannik , M. Dal Maso , W. Seidl , T. Hoffmann , R. Janson , H.-C. Hanssin , C. O'Dowd , Y. Viisanen and L. Laaksonen , 2001a . Overview of the international project on Bio-genic aerosol formation in the boreal forest (BIOFOR) . Tellus 53B , 327 343 .
  15. Kulmala , M. , P. Korhonen , L. Laakso and L. Pirjola , 2001b . Nucleation in boreal forest boundary layer . Env. and Physics Chem ., in press .
  16. Lenschow , D. H. and J. C. Wyngaard , 1980 . Mean-field and second-momentum budgets in baroclinic, convect-ive boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci . 37 , 1313 1326 .
  17. Lenschow, D. H., I. R. Paluch, A. R. Bandy, D. C. Thornton, D. R. Blake and I. Simpson, 1999. Use of a mixed-layer model to estimate dimethylsulfide flux and application to other traces gas fluxes . J. Geophys. Res . 104 , 16,275 16,295
  18. Mäkelä , J. M. , P. Aalto , V. Jokinen , T. Pohja , A. Nis-sinen , S. Palmroth , T. Markkanen , K. Seitsonen , H. Lihavainen and M. Kulmala , 1997 . Observations of ultrafine aerosol particle formation and growth in boreal forest . Geophys. Res. Let . 24 , 1219 1222 .
  19. Mäkelä , J. M. , Dal Maso , M. , Laaksonen , A. , Kulmala , M. , Pirjola , L ., Keronen, P and Laakso, L. 2000. Char-acteristics of the aerosol particle formation events observed at a boreal forest site in southern Finland. Boreal Env. Res . 5 , 299 313
  20. Nilsson , E. D. and M. Kulmala , 1998 . The potential for atmospheric mixing processes to enhance the binary nucleation rate . J. Geophys. Res . 103 , 1381 1389 .
  21. Nilsson , E.D. ., Pirjola, L. and Kulmala, M., 2000. The effect of atmospheric waves on aerosol nucleation and size distribution. J. Geophys. Res . 105 , 19,917-19,926 .
  22. Nilsson, E. D., J. Paatero and M. Boy, 2001. Effects of air masses and synoptic weather on aerosol formation in the continental boundary layer . Tellus 53B , 462 478
  23. O'Dowd , C. D. , G. McFiggens , L. Pirjola , D. J. Creasey , C. Hoell , M. H. Smith , B. Allen , J. M. C. Plane , D. E. Heard , J. D. Lee , M. J. Pilling and M. Kulmala , 1999 . On the photochemical production of new particles in the coastal boundary layer . Geophys. Res. Letts . 26 , 1707 1710 .
  24. Pirjola , L. , C. D. O'Dowd , I. M. Brooks and M. Kulmala , 2000 . Can new particle formation occur in the clean marine boundary layer? . J. Geophys. Res . 105 , 26531 26546 .
  25. Smedman , A . 1991 . Occurrence of roll circulations in a shallow boundary layer . Boundary-Layer Meteorology 57 , 343 358 .
  26. Stull , R. B . 1976 . The energetics of entrainment across a density surface . J. Atmos. Sci . 30 , 1260 1267 .
  27. Stull , R. B . 1988 . An introduction to boundary layer met-eorology. 666 pp. Kluwer Academic , Boston , Mass , USA .
  28. Väkevä , M. , K. Hämeri , T. Puhakka , E. D. Nilsson , H. Hohti and J. M. Mäkelä , 2000 . Effects of meteorolo-gical processes on aerosol particle size distribution in an urban background area . J. Geophys. Res . 105 , 9807 9821 .
  29. Zahn , A. , C. A. M. Brenninkmeijer , M. Maiss , D. Scharffe , P. J. Crutzen , M. Hermann , J. Heintzen-berg , H. Glisten , G. Heinrich , H. Fisher , J. W. H. Cuijpers and P. F. J. van Velthoven , 2000 . Identifica-tion of extratropical two-way troposphere-strato-sphere mixing based on CARIBIC measurements of 03, CO, and ultrafine particles . J. Geophys. Res . 105 , 1527 1535 .
Language: English
Page range: 441 - 461
Submitted on: Jun 22, 2000
Accepted on: Mar 26, 2001
Published on: Jan 1, 2001
Published by: Stockholm University Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2001 E. D. Nilsson, Ü. Rannik, M. Kulmala, G. Buzorius, C. D. O’dowd, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.