Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Anthropogenic versus natural sources of atmospheric sulphate from an Alpine ice core Cover

Anthropogenic versus natural sources of atmospheric sulphate from an Alpine ice core

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology
Volume 51 (1999): Issue 5
By: ,  ,   and    
Open Access
|Jan 1999
References

References

  1. Alean , J. , Haeberli , W. and Schadler , B. 1983 . Snow accumulation, firn temperature and solar radiation in the area of the Colle Gnifetti core drilling site (Monte Rosa, Swiss Alps): distribution patterns and interrelationships . Zeitschrift fur Gletscherkunde und Glazialge-ologie 19 , 131 – 147 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  2. Baltensperger , U. , Gäggeler , H. W. , Jost , D. T. , Lugauer , M. , Schwikowski , M. and Seibert , P. 1997 . Aerosol climatology at the high-alpine site Jungfraujoch, Switzerland . J. Geophys. Res . 102 , D16 , 19707 – 19715 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  3. Charlson , R. J. , Langner , J. , Rodhe , H. , Leovy , C. B. and Warren , S. G. 1991 . Pertubation of the northern hemi-sphere radiative balance by backscattering from anthropogenic sulfate aerosols . Tellus 43A , 152 – 163 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  4. Charlson , R. J. , Schwartz , S. E. , Hales , J. M. , Cess , R. D. , Coakley , J. A. , Hansen , J. E. and Hofman , D. J. 1992 . Climate forcing by anthropogenic aerosols . Science 255 , 422 – 430 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  5. Charlson , R. J. and Heintzenberg , J. 1995 . Aerosol forcing of climate. Proc. Dahlem Workshop , 20 – 29 April 1994 , J. Wiley & Sons , Berlin .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  6. Clegg , S. L. and Brimblecombe , P. 1985 . Potential degassing of hydrogen chloride from acidified sodium chloride droplets . Atmos. Environ . 19 , 465 – 470 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  7. Davison , B. , O'Dowd , C. , Hewitt , C. N. , Smith , M. H. , Harrison , R. M. , Peel , D. A. , Wolf , E. , Mulvaney, R. Schwikowski , M. and Baltensperger, U. 1996a. Dimethyl sulfide and its oxidation products in the atmosphere of the Atlantic and Southern oceans . Atmos. Environ . 30 , 1895 – 1906 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  8. Davison , B. , Hewitt , C. N. , O'Dowd , C. , Lowe , J. A. , Smith , M. H. , Schwikowski , M. , Baltensperger , U. and Harrison , R. M. 1996b . Dimethyl sulfide, methane sul-fonic acid and physico-chemical aerosol properties in Atlantic air from the United Kingdom to Halley Bay . J. Geophys. Res . 101 , 22855 – 22875 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  9. De Angelis , M. and Gaudichet , A. 1991 . Saharan dust deposition over Mont Blanc (French Alps) during the last 30 years . Tellus 43B , 61 – 75 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  10. Döscher , A. , Gäggeler , H. W. , Schotterer , U. and Schwikowski , M. 1995a . A 130 years deposition record of sulfate, nitrate and chloride from a high-alpine glacier . Water, Air and Soil Pollution 85 , 603 – 609 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  11. Döscher , A. , Schwikowski , M. and Gäggeler , H. W. 1995b . Cation trace analysis of snow and firn samples from high-alpine sites by ion chromatography . J. Chromatogr. A 706 , 249 – 252 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  12. Döscher , A. , Gäggeler , H. W. , Schotterer , U. and Schwikowski , M. 1996 . A historical record of ammonium concentrations from a glacier in the Alps . Geo-phys. Res. Lett . 23 , 2741 – 2744 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  13. Graf , H.-F. , Feichter , J. and Langmann , B. 1997 . Volcanic sulfur emissions: estimates of source strength and its contribution to the global sulfate distribution . J. Geo-phys. Res . 102 ( D9 ), 10727 – 10738 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  14. Graf , H.-F. , Langmann , B. and Feichter , J. 1998 . The contribution of Earth degassing to the atmospheric sulfur budget . Chem. Geology 147 , 131 – 145 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  15. Haeberli , W. , Schotterer , U. , Wagenbach , D. , Haeberli-Schwitter , H. and Bortenschlager , S. 1983 . Accumulation characteristics on a cold, high-alpine firn saddle from a snow-pit study at Colle Gnifetti, Monte Rosa, Swiss Alps . Journal of Glaciology 29 , 260 – 271 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  16. Haeberli , W. , Schmid , W. and Wagenbach , D. 1988 . On the geometry, flow and age of firn and ice at the Colle Gnifetti core drilling site (Monte Rosa, Swiss Alps) . Zeitschrift far Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie 24 , 1 – 19 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  17. Haeberli , W. and Funk , M. 1991 . Borehole temperatures at the Colle Gnifetti core-drilling site (Monte Rosa, Swiss Alps) . Journal of Glaciology 37 , 37 – 46 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  18. Hedin , L. O. , Granat , L. , Likens , G. E. , Buishand , T. A. , Galloway , J. N. , Butler , T. J. and Rodhe , H. 1994 . Steep declines in atmospheric base cations in regions of Europe and North America . Nature 367 , 351 – 354 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  19. Hitchcock , D. R. , Spiller , L. L. and Wilson W. E. 1980 . Sulfuric acid aerosols and HC1 release in costal atmo-spheres: evidence of rapid formation of sulfuric acid particulates . Atmos. Environ . 14 , 165 – 182 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  20. Horn , M. K. and Adams , A. S. 1966 . Computer-derived geochemical balances and element abundances . Geo-chim. Cosmochim. Acta 30 , 279 – 297 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  21. IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) , 1996. Climate change 1995. The science of climate change. Contribution of Working Group I to the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (eds. J. T. Houghton , L. G. Meira Filho , B. A. Callander , N. Harris , A. Kattenberg and K. Maskell ), Cambridge University Press , Cambridge, UK .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  22. Johnsen , S. J. , Dansgaard , W. , Clausen , H. B. and Langway , C. C. Jr. 1972 . Oxygen isotope profiles through the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets . Nature 235 , 429 – 434 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  23. Kiehl , J. T. and Briegleb , B. P. 1993 . The relative roles of sulfate aerosols and greenhouse gases in climate forcing . Science 260 , 311 – 314 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  24. Langner , J. and Rodhe , H. 1991 . A global three-dimensional model of tropospheric sulfur cycle . Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry 13 , 225 – 263 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  25. Lavanchy , V. M. H. , Gaggeler , H. W. , Schotterer , U. , Schwikowski , M. and Baltensperger , U. 1999 . Historical record of carbonaceous particle concentrations from a European high-alpine glacier (Colle Gnifetti, Switzerland) . J. Geophys. Res ., in press .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  26. Legrand , M. and Delmas , R. 1987 . A 220 yr continuous record of volcanic H2 SO4 in the Antarctic Ice Sheet . Nature 327 , 671 – 676 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  27. Legrand , M. , Hammer , C. , De Angelis , M. , Savarino , J. , Delmas , R. , Clausen , H. and Johnsen , S. J. 1997 . Sulfur-containing species (methanesulfonate and SO4) over the last climatic cycle in the Greenland Ice Core Project (central Greenland) ice core . J. Geophys. Res . 102 ( C12 ), 26663 – 26679 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  28. Lugauer , M. , Baltensperger , U. , Furger , M. , Gäggeler , H. W. , Jost , D. T. , Schwikowski , M. and Wanner , H. 1998 . Aerosol transport to the high Alpine sites Jung-fraujoch (3454 m asl) and Colle Ginifetti (4452 m asl) . Tellus 50B , 76 – 92 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  29. Maupetit , F. and Delmas , R. J. 1994 . Snow chemistry of high altitude glaciers in the French Alps . Tellus 46B , 304 – 324 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  30. Maupetit , F. , Wagenbach , D. , Weddeling , P. and Delmas , R. J. 1995 . Seasonal fluxes of major ions to a high altitude cold alpine glacier . Atmos. Environ . 29 , 1 – 9 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  31. Mayewski , P. A. , Lyons , W. B. , Spencer , M. J. , Twickler , M. , Buck , C. F. and Whitlow , S. 1990 . An ice core record of atmospheric response to atmospheric sulphate and nitrate . Nature 346 , 554 – 556 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  32. Mitchell , J. F. B. , Johns , T. C. , Gregory , J. M. and Twett , S. F. B. 1995 . Climate response to increasing levels of greenhouse gases and sulfate aerosols . Nature 376 , 501 – 504 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  33. Mylona , S. 1993 . Trends of sulphur dioxide emissions, air concentrations and depositions of sulphur in Europe since 1880. EMEP/MSC-W Report 2/93. Meteorological Synthesizing Centre-West, The Norwegian Meteorological Institute, PO Box 43-Blindern, N-0313 Oslo 3, Norway.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  34. Neftel , A. , Beer , J. , Oeschger , H. , ZUrcher , F. and Finkel , R. C. 1985 . Sulphate and nitrate concentrations in snow from South Greenland 1895-1978 . Nature 314 , 611 – 613 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  35. Nickus , U. , Kuhn , M. , Pichlmayer , F. , Baltensperger , U. , Delmas , R. , Gäggeler , H. W. , Kasper , A. , Kromp-Kolb , H. , Maupetit , F. , Novo , A. , Preunkert , S. , Puxbaum , H. , Rossi , G. , Schöner , W. , Schwikowski , M. , Seibert , P. , Staudinger , M. , Trockner , V. and Wagenbach , D. 1997 . SNOSP: ion deposition and concentration in high alpine snow packs . Tellus 49B , 56 – 71 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  36. Oeschger , H. , Schotterer , U. , Stauffer , B. , Haeberli , W. and Röthlisberger , H. 1977 . First results from alpine core drilling projects . Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie 13 , 193 – 208 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  37. Schotterer , U. , Oeschger , H. , Wagenbach , D. and Münnich , K. O. 1985 . Information on paleo-precipitation on a high-altitude glacier Monte Rosa, Switzerland . Zeitschrift fiir Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie 21 , 379 – 388 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  38. Schutz , L. and Sebert , M. 1987 . Mineral aerosols and source identification . J. Aerosol Science 18 , 1 – 10 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  39. Schwikowski , M. , Seibert , P. , Baltensperger U. and Gag-geler , H. W. 1995 . A study of an outstanding Saharan dust event at the high-alpine site Jungfraujoch, Switzerland . Atmos. Environ . 29 , 1829 – 1842 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  40. Schwikowski , M. 1997 . Analytical chemistry in high-alpine environmental research . Chimia 51 , 8 – 13 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  41. Seibert , P. , Kromp-Kolb , H. , Kasper , A. , Kalina , M. , Puxbaum , H. , Jost , D. T. , Schwikowski , M. and Bal-tensperger , U. 1998 . Transport of polluted boundary layer from the Po Valley to high-alpine sites . Atmos. Environ 32 , 3953 – 3965 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  42. Semb , A. , Hanssen , J. E. , Francois , F. , Maenhaut , W. and Pacyna , J. M. 1995 . Long range transport and deposition of mineral matter as a source for base cations . Water, Air and Soil Pollution 85 , 1933 – 1940 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  43. Simpson , D. , Winiwarter , W. , Börjesson , G. , Cinderby , S. , Ferreiro , A. , Guenther , A. , Hewitt , C. N. , Janson , R. , Khalil , M. A. K. , Owen , S. , Pierce , T. E. , Puxbaum , H. , Shearer , M. , Steinbrecher , R. , Svennson , B. H. , Tarrason , L. and Oquist , M. G. 1999 . Inventorying emissions from nature in Europe . J. Geophys. Res . 104 , 8113 – 8152 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  44. Taylor , K. E. and Penner , J. E. 1994 . Response of the climate system to atmospheric aerosols and green-house gases . Nature 369 , 734 – 737 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  45. Vinogradov , A. N. 1959 . The geochemistry of rare and dispersed chemical elements in soils, 2nd edition, Consult . Bur ., New York , p. 231 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  46. Wagenbach , D. , Miinnich , K. O. , Schotterer , U. and Oeschger , H. 1988 . The anthropogenic impact on snow chemistry at Colle Gnifetti, Swiss Alps . Annals of Glaciology 10 , 183 – 187 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  47. Wagenbach , D. and Geis , K. 1989 . The mineral dust record in a high altitude glacier (Colle Gnifetti, Swiss Alps) . In: Paleoclimatology and paleometeorology: modern and past patterns of global atmospheric transport (eds. M. Leinen and M. Sarnthein ). Kluwer Academic Publishers , Dordrecht , 543 – 564 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  48. Wagenbach , D. 1989 . Environmental records in Alpine glaciers. In: The environmental record in glaciers and ice sheets (eds. H. Oeschger , and C. C. Langway ). John Wiley and Sons , Chichester , 69 – 83 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  49. Wagenbach , D. , Preunkert , S. , Schafer , J. , Jung , W. and Tomadin , L. 1996 . Northward transport of Saharan dust recorded in a deep alpine ice core In: The impact of desert dust across the Mediterranean (eds. S. Guerzoni and R. Chester ). Kluwer Academic Publishers , The Netherlands , 291 – 300 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  50. Wagenbach , D. , Geis , K. , Hebestreit , K. , Preunkert , S. , Schafer , J. , Schajor , R. , Ulshöfer , V. and Weddeling , P. 1997 . Retrospective and present state of anthropo-genic aerosol deposition at a high altitude alpine glacier (Colle Gnifetti, 4450 m a.s.1.). In: Cloud multiphase proc esses and high Alpine air and snow chemistry (eds. S. Fuzzi and D. Wagenbach ). Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg , Germany , 223 – 233 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v51i5.16506 | Journal eISSN: 1600-0889
Journal RSS Feed
Language: English
Page range: 938 - 951
Submitted on: Jan 29, 1999
Accepted on: Jun 2, 1999
Published on: Jan 1, 1999
Published by: Stockholm University Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 1999 M. Schwikowski, A. Döscher, H.W. Gäggeler, U. Schotterer, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 51 (1999): Issue 5
Previous article
Next article