A 1000-year high precision record of δ13C in atmospheric CO2
References
-
Allison
, C. E., Francey, R. J.and Meijer, H. A. J. 1995. Recommendations for the reporting of stable isotope measurements of carbon and oxygen in CO2 gas. Ref-erence and intercomparison materials for stable iso-topes of light elements. In:, Vienna, Austria, 1-3 December 1993. IAEA-TECDOC-825, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, pp. 155– 162. -
Allison
, C. E.and Francey, R. J., 1999.PC of atmo-spheric CO2 at Cape Grim: The in situ record, the flask record, air standards and the CG92 calibration scale. In: Baseline atmospheric program (Australia) 1996( A. L.and W.eds.). Bureau of Meteorology and CSIRO Division of Atmo-spheric Research, Melbourne, in press. -
Andres
, R. J., Marland, G., Boden, T.and Bishoff, S. 1998. Carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel com-bustion and cement manufacture 1751-1991 and an estimate of their isotopic composition and latitudinal distribution. In: The carbon cycle (T. M. Wigley, ed.).Cambridge University Press , Stanford, in press. -
Baksaran
, M.and Krishnamurthy, R. V. 1993. Speleo-thems as proxy for the carbon isotope composition of atmospheric CO2. Geophys. Res. Lett. 20, 2905– 2908. -
Beggs
, H. M. 1996. Air-sea exchange of CO2 over the Antarctic seasonal ice zone . Ph.D. Thesis, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. -
Böhm
, F., Joachimski, M. M., Lehnert, H., Mor-genroth, G., Kretschmer, W., J. and Dullo W.-Chr. 1996. Carbon isotopes from extant Caribbean and South Pacific sponges: evolution of PC in surface water DIC. Earth and Planet. Sci. Lett. 139, 291- 303. -
Craig
, H., Horibe, Y. and Sowers, T. 1988. Gravitational separation of gases and isotopes in polar ice caps. Science, 1675– 1678. -
Druffel
, E. R. M.and Benavides, L. M. 1986. Input of excess CO2 to the surface ocean calculated from stable carbon isotope ratios in a banded Jamaican scleros-ponge, Nature, 58– 61. -
Enting
, I. G. 1987. On the use of smoothing splines to filter CO2 data. J. Geophys. Res. 92, 10, 977- 10,984. -
Etheridge
, D. M., Pearman, G. I.and de Silva, F. 1988. Atmospheric trace-gas variations as revealed by air trapped in an ice core from Law Dome, Antarctica. Ann. Glaciol. 10, 28– 33. -
Etheridge
, D. M.and Wookey, C. W. 1989. Ice core drilling at a high accumulation area of Law Dome, Antarctica, 1987. In: Ice core drilling, Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Ice core drilling technology. Grenoble, France, October 10-14 1988( C.and D.eds.). CNRS, Grenoble, pp. 86– 96. -
Etheridge
, D. M., Pearman, G. I.and Fraser, P. J. 1992. Changes in tropospheric methane between 1841 and 1978 from a high accumulation-rate Antarctic ice core. Tellus, 282– 294. -
Etheridge
, D. M., Steele, L. P., Langenfelds, R. L., Francey, R. J., Barnola, J.-M.and Morgan, V. I. 1996. Natural and anthropogenic changes in atmospheric CO2 over the last 1000 years from air in Antarctic ice and firn. J. Geophys. Res. 101, D2, 4115– 4128. -
Etheridge
, D. M., Steele, L. P., Francey, R. J.and Langfenfelds, R. L. (1998). Atmospheric methane between 1000 AD and present: evidence of anthropo-genic change and climate variability. J. Geophys. Res. 103, 15,979– 15,993 -
Farquhar
, G. D., O'Leary, M. H.and Berry, J. A. 1982. On the relationship between carbon isotope discrim-ination and the intercellular carbon dioxide concentra-tion in leaves. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 9, 121– 137. -
Farquhar
, G. D. 1983. On the nature of carbon isotope discrimination in C4 species. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 10, 205– 226. -
Francey
, R. J. 1986. Carbon isotope measurements in baseline air, forest canopy air, and plants. In:( J. R.and D. E.eds.). Springer-Verlag, NY, pp. 160– 174. -
Francey
, R. J.and Farquhar, G. D. 1982. An explanation of 13C/12C variations in tree rings., 28– 31. -
Francey,
, Allison,, Steele,, Langenfelds,, Welch,, Trolier,, Tans,and Masarie,Intercomparison of stable isotope measurements of CO2. In: Climate mon-itoring and diagnostics laboratory, no. 22, summary report, 1993( J. T.and R. M.eds.). US Department of Commerce, NOAA, Boulder Co., pp. 106– 110. -
Francey
, R. J.and Allison, C. E. 1994. The trend in atmospheric 5'3CO2 over the last decade. In: Final report of the IAEA coordinated research program on isotope variations of carbon dioxide and other trace gases in the atmosphere( K.ed.). Vienna, 7-10 November 1994, 7 pages. -
Francey
, Tans, P. P., Allison, C. E., Enting, I. G., White, J. W. C.and Trolier, M. 1995a. Changes in the oceanic and terrestrial carbon uptake since 1982. Nature, 326– 330. -
Francey
, R. J., Allison, C. E.and Welch, E. D. 1995b. The 11-year high precision in situ CO2 stable isotope record from Cape Grim, 1982-1992. In;( A. L.and P. J.eds.). Bureau of Meteorology and CSIRO Division of Atmospheric Research, Melbourne, pp. 16– 25. -
Francey
, R. J., Steele, L. P., Langenfelds, R. L., Lucarelli, M. P., Allison, C. E., Beardsmore, D. J., Coram, S. A., Derek, N., de Silva, F., Etheridge, D. M., Fraser, P. J., Henry, R. J., Turner, B.and Welch, E. D. 1996a. Global Atmospheric Sampling Laboratory (GASLAB): sup-porting and extending the Cape Grim trace gas pro-grams. In:( R. J.and N.eds.). Bureau of Meteorology and CSIRO Division of Atmo-spheric Research, Melbourne, pp. 8– 29. -
Francey
, R. J., Allison, C. E., Etheridge, D. M., Leuen-berger, M.and Michel, E. 1996b. Linking an 800 year record of atmospheric PC from Antarctic ice with measurements of the contemporary atmosphere. Extended abstract. In: Isotope-aided studies of atmo-spheric carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases-Phase 2( M.and E.eds.). International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 28-31 October 1996, 9 p. -
Francois
, R., Altabet, M., Goericke, R., McCorkle, D., Brunet, C and Poisson, A. 1993. Changes in the PC of surface water particulate organic matter across the subtropical convergence in the SW Indian Ocean., 627– 644 -
Friedli
, H., Lötscher, H., Oeschger,, and Stauffer,Ice core record of the C13/C12 ratio of atmospheric CO2 in the past two centuries. Nature, 237– 238 -
Heimann
, M.and Maier-Reimer, E. 1996. On the rela-tions between the oceanic uptake of CO2 and its carbon isotopes. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 89– 110. -
Houghton
, R. A., Hobbie, J. E., Melillo, J. M., Moore, B., Peterson, B. J., Shaver, G. R.and Woodwell, G. M. 1983. Changes in the carbon content of terrestrial biota and soil between 1860 and 1980: a net release of CO2 to the atmosphere. Ecological Monographs, 235– 262. -
Joos
, F., Bruno, M., Leuenbergerand Francey, R. 1994. Carbon isotopes as constraints for global carbon cycle models. In: Final report of the IAEA coordinated research program on isotope variations of carbon diox-ide and other trace gases in the atmosphere( K.ed.). IAEA,Vienna, 7-10 November 1994,5 pages. Keeling, C. D., Mook, W. G. and Tans, P. P. 1979. Recent trends in the “C/12C ratio of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Nature, 121– 123. -
Keeling
, C.D.., Bacastow, R. B. and Tans, P. P. 1980. Predicted shift in the “C/12C of atmospheric carbon dioxide.. 7, 505– 508 -
Keeling
, C.D.., Bacastow, R. B., Carter, A. F., Piper, S. C., Whorf, T. P., Heimann, M., Mook, W. G. and Roeloffzen, H. 1989a. A three-dimensional model of atmospheric CO2 transport based on observed winds: 1. Analysis of observational data. In: Aspects of climate variability in the Pacific and western Americas. Geo-physical Monograph 55( J. H.ed.). AGU, Washington, 165– 236. -
Keeling
, C.D.., Piper, S. C. and Heimann, M. 1989b. A three-dimensional model of atmospheric CO2 trans-port based on observed winds: 4. Mean annual gradi-ents and interannual variations. In: Aspects of climate variability in the Pacific and western Americas. Geo-physical Monograph 55( J. H.ed.). AGU, Washington, pp. 305– 363. -
Keeling
, C. D. 1993. Lecture 2: surface ocean CO2. In:( M.– 429. -
Keeling
, C.D.., Whorf, T. P., Wahlen, M. and van der Plicht, J. 1995. Interannual extremes in the rate of rise of atmospheric carbon dioxide since 1980., 666– 670 -
Lang
, S. J. 1991. MSc Thesis. University of Melbourne, Melbourne , Victoria, Australia. -
Langenfelds
, R. L., Fraser, P. J., Francey, R. J., Steele, L. P., Porter, L. W.and Allison, C. E. 1996. The Cape Grim Air Archive: the first 17 years, 1978-1995.(R. J. Francey, A. L. Dick and N. Derek, eds). Bureau of Meteorology and CSIRO Division of Atmospheric Research, Melbourne. pp. 53– 70. -
Leuenberger
, M. 1992. PhD thesis . Physics Institute, Uni-versity of Bern. -
Leuenberger
, M., Siegenthaler, U.and Langway, C. C. 1992. Carbon isotope composition of atmospheric CO2 during the last ice age from an Antarctic ice core. Nature, 488– 490. -
Leuenberger
, M., Francey, R. J., Etheridge, D. M., Alli-son, C. E.and Enting, I. G. 1993. High precision S“C and CO2 concentration measurements from a high time resolution Antarctic ice core. In:, Carqueiranne, France, 13-17 September 1993. World Meteorological Organization, WMO/TD-NO 561. -
Levchenko
, V. A., Francey, R. J., Etheridge, D. M., Tuniz, C., Head, J., Morgan, V.I.., Lawson, E. and Jacobsen, G. 1996. The 1-4C “bomb spike” determines the age spread and age of CO2 in Law Dome firn and ice.. 23, 3345– 3348 -
Levchenko
, V. A., Etheridge, D. M., Francey, Trudinger,, Lawson,, Smith,, Jacobsen,, Hua,, Hotchkis,, Fink,, Morgan,and Head,Measurements of the 1-4CO2 bomb pulse in firn and ice at Law Dome, Antarctica. Nucl. Instr. & Methods. B123, 290– 295 -
Lloyd
, J.and Farquhar, G. D. 1994. “C discrimination during CO2 assimilation by the terrestrial biosphere. Oecologia, 201– 215. -
Marino
, B. Dand McElroy, M. B. 1991. Isotopic com-position of atmospheric CO2 inferred from carbon in C4 plant cellulose. Nature, 127– 131. -
Mook
, W. G., Bommerson, J. C.and Staverman, W. H. 1974. Carbon isotope fractionation between dissolved bicarbonate and gaseous carbon dioxide. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 169– 176. -
Mook
, W. M.and Van der Hoek, S. 1983. The N20 correction in the carbon and oxygen isotopic analysis of atmospheric CO2. Isotope Geoscience, 237– 242. -
Morgan
, V.I.., Wookey, C. W., Li, J., van Ommen, T. D., Skinner, W. and Fitzpatrick, M. F. 1997. Site informa-tion and initial results from deep ice drilling on Law Dome.. 43, 3– 10 -
Nakazawa
, T., Morimoto, S., Aoki, S.and Tanaka, M. 1993a. Time and space variations of carbon isotopic ratio of tropospheric carbon dioxide over Japan. Tellus, 258– 274. -
Nakazawa
, T., Machida, T., Tanaka, M., Fujii, Y., Aoki, S., Carqueiranne, France, 13-17 September 1993. World Meteorological Organization, WMO/ TD-NO 561. -
Nakazawa
, T., Morimoto, S., Aoki, S.and Tanaka, M. 1997. Temporal and spatial variations of the carbon isotopic ratio of atmospheric carbon dioxide in the western Pacific region., D1, 1271– 1285 -
Nozaki
, Y., Rye, D. M., Turekian, K. K.and Dodge, R. E. 1978. A 200 year record of carbon-13 and carbon-14 variations in a Bermuda coral. Geophys. Res. Lett. 5, 825– 828. -
Pearman
, G. I.and Hyson, P. 1986. Global transport and inter-reservoir exchange of carbon dioxide with particular reference to stable carbon isotopic distribu-tions. J. Atmos. Chem. 4, 81– 124. -
Schwander
, J. 1989. The transformation of snow to ice and the occlusion of gases. In:( H.and C. C., eds.). Dahlem Workshop Report, John Wiley, Chichester, pp. 53– 67. -
Severinghaus
, J. P., Sowers, T., Brook, E. J., Alley, R. B.and Bender, M. L. 1998. Timing of abrupt climate change at the end of the Younger Dryas interval from thermally fractionated gases in polar ice. Nature, 141– 146. -
Siegenthaler
, U.and Oeschger, H. 1987. Biospheric CO2 emissions during the past 200 years reconstructed by deconvolution of ice core data. Tellus 39B, 140-154., Friedli,, Loetscher,, Moor,, Neftel,, Oeschger,and Stauffer,Stable isotope ratios and concentrations of CO2 in air from Polar ice cores. Ann. Glaciol. 10, 151– 156. -
Stuiver
, M. 1978. Atmospheric CO2 increases related to carbon reservoir changes. Science 199, 253- 258. -
Stuiver
, M., Burk, R. L.and Quay, P. D. 1984. “C/12C ratios and the transfer of biospheric carbon to the atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 89, 1731– 1748. -
Tans
, P. P. 1981. “C/12C of industrial CO2. In: Carbon cycle modelling. SCOPE 16( B.– 129. -
Trolier
, M., White, J. W. C., Tans, P. P., Masarie, K. A.and Gemery, P. A. 1996. Monitoring the isotopic com-position of atmospheric CO2: measurements from the NOAA global sampling network.. 101, D20, 25,897-25,916. -
Trudinger
, C. M., Enting, I. G., Etheridge, D. M., Fran-cey, R. J., Levchenko, V. A., Steele, L. P., Raynaud, D.and Arnaud, L. 1997. Modelling air movement and bubble trapping in firn. J. Geophys. Res. 102, D6, 6747– 6763. -
Trudinger
, Enting, I. G., Francey, R. J.and Etheridge, D. M( 1999). Long term variability in the global carbon cycle inferred from a high precision CO2 and PC ice core record. Tellus, 51B, 233– 248. -
Whorf
, T. P., Keeling, C. D.and Wahlen, D. M. 1993. Recent interannual variations in CO2 in both hemi-spheres. In: Climate modelling and diagnostics laborat-ory summary report no. 21, 1992( J. T.and R. M.eds.). US Department of Commerce NOAA, Boulder, pp 119– 122. -
White
, J. W. C, Ciais, P., Figge, R. A., Kenny, R.and Markgraf, V. 1994. A high resolution record of atmo-spheric CO2 content from carbon isotopes in peat. Nature, 153– 156.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v51i2.16269 | Journal eISSN: 1600-0889
Language: English
Page range: 170 - 193
Submitted on: Feb 3, 1998
Accepted on: Sep 14, 1988
Published on: Jan 1, 1999
Published by: Stockholm University Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
© 1999 R. J. Francey, C. E. Allison, D. M. Etheridge, C. M. Trudinger, I. G. Enting, M. Leuenberger, R. L. Langenfelds, E. Michel, L. P. Steele, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.