Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Analysis of the growth of nucleation mode particles observed in Boreal forest Cover

Analysis of the growth of nucleation mode particles observed in Boreal forest

Open Access
|Jan 1998

References

  1. Aalto , P. , Kulmala , M. and Nilsson , E. D. 1995 . Nucle-ation events on the Värriö environmental measure-ment station. J. Aerosol Sc i . 26 , S411—S412 .
  2. Agarwal , J. K. and Sem , G. J. 1980 . Continuous flow, single-particle-counting condensation nucleus counter. J. Aerosol Sc i . 11 , 343 357 .
  3. Charlson , R. J. and Wigley , T. M. L. 1994 . Sulfate aerosol and climatic change . Scientific American 23 , 48 57 .
  4. DeMore , W. B. , Margitan , J. J. , Molina , M. J. , Watson , R. T. , Golden , D. M. , Hampson , R. F. , Kurylo , M. J. , Howard , C. J. and Ravishakara , A. R. 1985 . Chemical kinetics and photochemical data for use in stratospheric modeling, evaluation no. 7. JPL Publication No. 85-37, NASA.
  5. Fuchs , N. A. and Sutugin , A. G. 1970 . Highly dispersed aerosols . Ann Arbor Science Publ. Ann Arbor , Michigan .
  6. Jaecker-Voirol , A. 1988 . PhD thesis, Universite Louis Pasteur , Strasbourg , France .
  7. Jokinen , V. and Makelä , J. M. 1997 . Closed loop arrange-ment with critical orifice for DMA sheath/excess flow system . J. Aerosol Sci . 28 , 643 648 .
  8. Juozaitis , A. , Trakumas , S. , Girgzdiene , R. , Girgzdys , A. , Sopauskiene , D. and Ulevicius , V. 1996. Investigations of gas-to-particle conversion in the atmosphere. Atmos. Res . 41 , 183 201 .
  9. Kerminen , V.-M. and Wexler , A. S. 1995 . Growth laws for atmospheric aerosol particles: an examination of bimodality of accumulation mode . Atmos. Environ . 29 , 3263 3275 .
  10. Kesten , J. , Reineking , A. and Porstendorfer , J. 1991 . Calibration of a TSI Model 3025 Ultrafine Condensa-tion Particle Counter . Aerosol Sci. Technol . 15 , 107 111 .
  11. Knutson , E. O. and Whitby , K. T. 1975 . Aerosol classi-fication by electric mobility: apparatus, theory and applications. J. Aerosol Sci . 6 , 443 451 .
  12. Kousaka , Y. , Okuyama , K. and Adachi , M. 1985 . Deter-mination of particle size distribution of ultra-fine aero-sols using a differential mobility analyzer . Aerosol Sci. Technol . 4 , 209 225 .
  13. Kulmala , M. 1990 . Simulating the formation of acid aerosols. In Acidification in Finland (edited by Kauppi , P. , Anttila , P. and Kenttämies , K. ), 95 110 . Springer , Berlin .
  14. Kulmala , M. , Kerminen , V.-M. and Laaksonen , A. 1995 . Simulations on the effect of sulphuric acid formation on atmospheric aerosol concentrations . Atmos. Environ . 29 , 377 382 .
  15. Mattila , T. , Kulmala , M. and Vesala , T. 1997 . On the condensational growth of a multicomponent droplet . J. Aerosol Sci . 28 , 553 564 .
  16. McMurry , P. H. and Wilson , J. C. 1982 . Growth laws for formation of secondary ambient aerosols: implica-tions for chemical conversion mechanisms . Atmos. Environ . 16 , 121 134 .
  17. Mertes , S. , Schröder , F. and Wiedensohler , A. 1995 . The particle detection efficiency curve of the TSI-3010 CPC as a function of temperature difference between satur-ator and condenser . Aerosol Sci. Technol . 23 , 257 261 .
  18. Mäkelä , J. M. , Aalto , P. , Jokinen , V. , Nissinen , A. , Palmroth , S. , Markkanen , T. , Seitsonen , K. , Lihavainen , H. and Kulmala , M. 1997 . Observations of ultrafine aerosol particle formation and growth in boreal forest . Geophys. Res. Lett . 24 , 1219 1222 .
  19. Pirjola , L. and Kulmala , M. 1998 . Modelling the forma-tion of H2504-H20 particles in rural, urban and marine conditions . Atmos. Res . 46 , 321 347 .
  20. Reid , R. C. , Prausnitz , J. M. and Poling , B. E. 1987 . The Properties of gases and liquids , 4th edition . McGraw-Hill , New York .
  21. Reischl , G. P. 1991 . Measurement of ambient aerosols by the differential mobility analyzer method: concepts and realization criteria for the size range between 2 and 500 nm . Aerosol Sci. Technol . 14 , 5 24 .
  22. Rudolf , R. , Majerowicz , A. , Kulmala , M. , Vesala T. , Viisanen , Y. and Wagner , P. E. 1991. Kinetics of particle growth in supersaturated binary vapor mixtures. J. Aerosol Sci . 22 , 551 554 .
  23. Rudolf , R. 1994 . Experimental investigation on condensa-tion of supersaturated acid-water vapor mixtures by means of laser light scattering in a newly developed expansion chamber. PhD thesis, Department of Experi-mental Physics , University of Vienna , Austria .
  24. SMEAR Homepage, Internet, “http://honeybee.helsink-i.fi/HYYTIALA/smear” .
  25. Stolzenburg , M. R. and McMurry , P. H. 1991 . An ultrafine aerosol condensation nucleus counter . Aero-sol Sci. Technol . 14 , 48 65 .
  26. Toivonen , A. 1997 . A study of the growth of nucleation mode particles observed at the Hyytitilti forestry station . MSc thesis (in Finnish). Department of Physics, University of Helsinki , Finland .
  27. Vesala , T. , Kulmala , M. , Rudolf , R. , Vrtala , A. and Wagner , P. E. 1997 . Models for condensational growth of binary aerosol particles . J. Aerosol Sci . 28 , 565 598 .
  28. Weber , R. J. , McMurry , P. H. , Eisele , F. L. and Tanner , D. J. 1995 . Measurement of expected nucleation pre-cursor species and 3-500-nm diameter particles at Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii . J. Atmos. Sci . 52 , 2242 2256 .
  29. Weber , R. J. , Marti , J. J. , McMurry , P. H. , Eisele , F. L. , Tanner , D. J. and Jefferson , A. 1997 . Measurements of new particle formation and ultrafine growth rates at a clean continental site . J. Geophys. Res . 102 , 4375 4385 .
  30. Wiedensohler , A. , Covert , D. S. , Swietlicki , E. , Aalto , P. , Heinzenberg , J. and Leck , C. 1996 . Occurence of an ultrafine particle mode less than 20 nm in diameter in the marine boundary layer during Arctic summer and autumn . Tellus 48B , 213 222 .
  31. Winklmayr , W. , Reischl , G. P. , Lindner , A. O. and Berner , A. 1991. A new electromobility spectrometer for the measurement of aerosol size distributions in the size range from 1 to 1000 nm. J. Aerosol Sci . 22 , 289 296 .
Language: English
Page range: 449 - 462
Submitted on: Jul 21, 1997
Accepted on: Aug 27, 1998
Published on: Jan 1, 1998
Published by: Stockholm University Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 1998 Markku Kulmala, Anne Toivonen, Jyrki M. Mäkela, Ari Laaksonen, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.