Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
A comparison of methyl iodide emissions from seawater and wet depositional fluxes of iodine over the southern North Sea Cover

A comparison of methyl iodide emissions from seawater and wet depositional fluxes of iodine over the southern North Sea

Open Access
|Jan 1996

References

  1. Arimoto , R. , Duce , R. A. , Ray , B. J. , Hewitt , A. D. and Williams , J . 1987 . Trace elements in the atmosphere of American Samoa: concentrations and deposition to the tropical south Pacific . J. Geophys. Res . 92 , 8465 8479 .
  2. Barnes , I. , Bastian , V. , Becker , K. H. and Overath , R. D . 1991 . Kinetic studies of the reactions of JO, BrO and C10 with dimethylsulphide . Int. J. Chem. Kinetics 23 , 579 591 .
  3. Barrie , L. A . 1988 . Aspects of atmospheric pollutant origin and deposition revealed by multielemental observations at a rural location in eastern Canada . J. Geophys. Res . 93 , 3773 3788 .
  4. Barrie , L. A. and Barrie , M. J . 1990 . Components of lower tropospheric aerosols in the high Arctic: 6 years of observations . J. Atmos. Chem . 11 , 211 226 .
  5. Campos , M. L. A. M. , Farrenkopf , A. M. , Jickells , T. D. and Luther , G. W . A comparison of dissolved iodine cycling at the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series station and Hawaii Ocean Time-series stations. Deep-Sea Res. , in press.
  6. Chameides , W. L. and Davis , D. D . 1980 . Iodine: its possible role in tropospheric photochemistry . J. Geophys. Res . 85 , 7383 7398 .
  7. Chapman , P. and Liss , P. S . 1981 . The sea surface microlayer: measurements of dissolved iodine species and nutrients in coastal waters . Limnol. Oceanogr . 26 , 387 390 .
  8. Chatfield , R. B. and Crutzen , P. J . 1990 . Are there interactions of iodine and sulfur species in marine air photochemistry? J. Geophys. Res . 95 , 22319 22341 .
  9. Cutter , G. A. and Church , T. M . 1986 . Selenium in eastern Atlantic precipitation . Nature 322 , 720 722 .
  10. Fuge , R. and Johnson , C. J . 1986 . The geochemistry of iodine: a review . Environ. Geochem. and Health 8 , 31 54 .
  11. Heaton , R. W. , Rahn , K. A. and Lowenthal , D. H . 1990 . Determination of trace elements, including regional tracers in Rhode Island precipitation . Atmos. Environ . 18 , 2657 2664 .
  12. Howarth , M. J. , Dyer , K. R. , Joint , I. R. , Hydes , D. J. , Purdie , D. A. , Edmunds , H. , Jones , J. E. , Lowry , R. K. , Moffatt , T. J. , Pomroy , A. J. and Proctor , R . 1994. Seasonal cycles and their spatial variability . In: Understanding the North Sea system (eds. H . Charnock , K. R . Dyer , J . Huthnance , P. S . Liss , J. H . Simpson and P. B . Tett ). Chapman and Hall , London , pp. 5 25.
  13. Jenkin , M. E. , Cox , R. A. and Candeland , D. E . 1985 . Photochemical aspects of tropospheric iodine behaviour . J. Atmos. Chem . 2 , 359 375 .
  14. Jickells , T. D. , Davies , T. D. , Tranter , M. , Landsberger , S. , Jarvis , K. and Abrahams , P . 1992 . Trace elements in snow samples from the Scottish Highlands: sources and dissolved/particulate distributions . Atmos. Environ . 26 , 393 401 .
  15. Jickells , T. D . 1995 . Atmospheric inputs of metals and nutrients to the oceans: their magnitude and effects . Mar. Chem . 48 , 199 214 .
  16. Jylha , K . 1991 . Empirical scavenging coefficients of radioactive substances released from Chernobyl . Atmos. Environ . 25 , 263 270 .
  17. Kane , M. M. , Rendell , A. R. and Jickells , T. D . 1994 . Atmospheric scavenging processes over the North Sea . Atmos. Environ . 28 , 2523 2530 .
  18. Klick , S. and Abrahamsson , K . 1992 . Biogenic volatile iodated hydrocarbons in the oceans . J. Geophys. Res . 97 , 12683 12687 .
  19. Krysell , M. and Nightingale , P. D . 1994 . Low molecular weight halocarbons in the Humber and Rhine estuaries determined using a new purge-and-trap gas chromatographic technique . Cont. Shelf Res . 14 , 1311 1329 .
  20. Liss , P. S. and Slater , P. G . 1974 . Flux of gases across the air-sea interface . Nature 247 , 181 184 .
  21. Liss , P. S. and Merlivat , L . 1986. Air-sea gas exchange rates: introduction and synthesis. In: The rȓle of air-sea exchange in geochemical cycling ( ed. P. Buat-Menard). Dordecht-Reidel, 113 127.
  22. Liss , P. S. , Watson , A. J. , Liddicoat , M. I. , Malin , G. , Nightingale , P. D. , Turner , S. M. and Upstill-Goddard , R. C . 1994a. Trace gases and air-sea exchanges . In: Understanding the North Sea system ( eds. H . Chamock , K. R . Dyer , J . Huthnance , P. S . Liss , J. H . Simpson and P. B . Tett ). Chapman and Hall , London , pp. 153 163.
  23. Liss , P. S. , Malin , G. , Turner , S. M. and Holigan , P. M . 1994b . Dimethyl sulphide and phaeocystis. A review . J. Mar. Systems 5 , 41 53 .
  24. Lovelock , J. E . 1975 . Natural halocarbons in the air over the sea . Nature 256 , 193 194 .
  25. Lovelock , J. E. , Maggs , R. J. and Wade , R. J . 1973 . Halogenated hydrocarbons in and over the Atlantic . Nature 241 , 194 196 .
  26. Luten , J. B. , Woittiez , J. R. Q. , Das , H. A. and De Ligny , C. L . 1978 . Determination of iodate in rainwater . J. Radioanal. Chem . 43 , 175 185 .
  27. Luther , G. W. III , Swartz , C. B. and Ullman , W. J . 1988 . Direct determination of iodide in seawater by cathodic stripping square wave voltametry . Anal. Chem . 60 , 1721 1724 .
  28. Luther , G. W. , Wu , J. and Cullen , J. B . 1995 . Redox chemistry of iodine in seawater revisited: frontier molecular orbital theory considerations . A CS Symposium Series 24 , 133 155 .
  29. Manley , S. L . 1994 . The possible involvement of methylcobalamin in the production of methyl iodide . Mar. Chem . 46 , 361 369 .
  30. Moore , R. M. and Tokarczyk , R . 1992 . Chloro-iodomethane in North Atlantic waters: a potentially significant source of atmospheric iodine . Geophys. Res. Lett . 19 , 1779 1782 .
  31. Moore , R. M. and Tokarczyk , R . 1993 . Volatile biogenic halocarbons in the Northwest Atlantic . Global Biogeochem. Cycles 7 , 195 210 .
  32. Moore , R. M. and Zafiriou , O. C . 1994 . Photochemical production of methyl iodide in seawater . J. Geophys. Res . 99 , 16415 16420 .
  33. Nightingale , P. D . 1991 . Low molecular weight halocarbons in seawater . PhD Thesis. U. East Anglia, Norwich , UK .
  34. Nightingale , P. D. , MalM , G. and Liss , P. S . 1995 . Production of chloroform and other low molecular weight halocarbons by some species of macroalgae . Limnol. Oceanogr . 40 , 680 689 .
  35. Oram , D. E. and Penkett , S. A . 1994 . Observations in eastern England of elevated methyl iodide concentrations in air of Atlantic origin . Atmos. Environ . 28 , 1159 1174 .
  36. Rasmussen , R. A. , Khalil , M. A. K. , Guanawardena , R. and Hoyt , S. D . 1982 . Atmospheric methyl iodide (CH3I) . J. Geophys. Res . 87 , 3086 3090 .
  37. Reifenhauser , W. and Heumann , K. G . 1992 . Determinations of methyl iodide in the antarctic atmosphere and the south polar sea . Atmos. Environ . 26 , 2905 2912 .
  38. Rendell , A. R. , Ottley , C. J. , Jickells , T. D. and Harrison , R. M . 1993 . The atmospheric input of nitrogen species to the North Sea . Tellus 45B , 53 63 .
  39. Scudlark , J. R. and Church , T. M . 1988 . The atmospheric deposition of arsenic and association with acid precipitation . Atmos. Environ . 22 , 937 943 .
  40. Solomon , S. , Garcia , R. R. and Ravishankara , A. R . 1994 . On the role of iodine in ozone depletion . J. Geophys. Res . 99 , 20491 20499 .
  41. Singh , H. B. , Salsa , L. J. and Stiles , R. E . 1983 . Methyl halides in and over the Eastern Pacific (40° N-32° S) . J. Geophys. Res . 88 , 3684 3690 .
  42. Sturges , W. T. and Barrie , L. A . 1988 . Chlorine, bromine and iodine in Arctic aerosol . Atmos. Environ . 22 , 1179 1194 ,
  43. Wanninkhof , R . 1992 . Relationship between windspeed and gas exchange over the ocean . J. Geophys. Res . 97 , 7373 7382 .
  44. Yaaqub , R. R. , Davies , T. D. , Jickells , T. D. and Miller , J. M . 1991 . Trace elements in daily collected aerosols at a site in southeast England . Atmos. Environ . 25 , 985 996 .
Language: English
Page range: 106 - 114
Submitted on: Feb 13, 1995
Accepted on: Jun 14, 1995
Published on: Jan 1, 1996
Published by: Stockholm University Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 1996 M. L. A. M. Campos, P. D. Nightingale, T. D. Jickells, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.