Effects of anthropogenic sulfate on cloud drop nucleation and optical properties
By: Catherine C. Chuang and Joyce E. Penner
References
-
Ayers
, G. P.and Gras, J. L. 1991. Seasonal relationship between cloud condensation nuclei and aerosol methanesulphonate in marine air. Nature, 834– 835. -
Boucher
, O.and Rodhe, H.The sulfate-CCN -cloud albedo effect: a sensitivity study. Report CM-83, Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University, 20 pp. -
Bower
, K. N., Choularton, T. W., Latham, J., Nelson, J., Baker, M. B.and Jensen, J. 1994. A parameterization of warm clouds for use in atmospheric general circula-tion models. J. Atmos. Sci. 51, 2722– 2732. -
Charlson
, R. J., Schwartz, S. E., Hales, J. M., Cess, R. D., Coakley, J. A.Jr. , Hansen, J. E.and Hofmann, D. J. 1992. Climate forcing by anthropogenic aerosols. Science, 423– 430. -
Chuang
, C. C., Penner, J. E.and Edwards, L. L. 1992. Nucleation scavenging of smoke particles and simulated drop size distributions over large biomass fires. J. Atmos. Sci. 49, 1264– 1275. -
Clarke
, A. D. 1993. Atmospheric nuclei in the pacific rnidtroposphere: their nature, concentration, and evolution. J. Geophys. Res. 98, 20633– 20647. -
Cotton
, R. W.and Anthes, R. AStorm and cloud dynamics. Academic Press, 883 pp. -
Galloway
, J. N., Likens, G. E.and Hawley, M. E. 1984. Acid deposition: Natural versus anthropogenic sour-ces. Science, 829– 831. -
Ghan
, S. J., Chuang, C. C.and Penner, J. E. 1992. A parameterization of cloud droplet nucleation. Part I: Single aerosol type. Atmos. Res. 30, 197– 222. -
Hegg
, D. A., Radke, L. F.and Hobbs, P. V. 1990. Particle production associated with marine clouds. J. Geophys. Res. 95, 13917– 13926. -
Heintzenberg
, J. 1989. Fine particles in the global troposphere. A review. Tellus, 149– 160. -
Hildemann
, L. M., Markowski, G. R.and Cass, G. R. 1991. Chemical composition of emissions from urban sources of fine organic aerosol. Environ. Sci. and Tech. 23, 744– 759. -
Hoppel
, W. A., Fitzgerald, J. W., Frick, G. M., Larson, R. E.and Mack, E. J. 1990. Aerosol size distributions and optical properties found in the marine boundary layer over the Atlantic ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 95, 3659– 3686. -
Hoppel
, W. A.and Frick, G. M. 1990. Submicron aerosol size distributions measured over the tropical and south Pacific. Atmos. Environ. 24A, 645– 659. -
Jaenicke
, R. 1993.Tropospheric aerosols. In: Aerosol - cloud-climate interactions , P. V., Ed., Academic Press, Inc., 237 pp. -
Jones
, A., Roberts, D. L.and Slingo, A. 1994. A climate model study of indirect radiative forcing by anthro-pogenic sulphate aerosols. Nature, 450– 453. -
Kreidenweis
, S. M., Penner, J., Yin, F. D.and Seinfeld, J. H. 1991. The effects of dimethylsulfide fluxes upon marine aerosol concentrations. Atmos. Environ. 25A, 2501– 2511. -
Lacis
, A. A.and Hansen, J. E. 1974. A parameterization for the absorption of solar radiation in the earth's atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci. 31, 118– 133. -
Langner
, J.and Rodhe, H. 1991. A global three-dimen-sional model of the tropospheric sulfur cycle. J. Atmos. Chem. 13, 225– 263. -
Langrier
, J., Rodhe, H., Crutzen, P. J.and Zimmermann, P. 1992. Anthropogenic influence of the distribution of tropospheric sulphate aerosol. Nature, 712– 716. -
Leaitch
, W. R., Isaac, G. A., Strapp, J. W., Banic, C. M.and Wiebe, H. A. 1992. The relationship between cloud droplet number concentrations and anthropogenic pollution: Observations and climatic implications. .1. Geophys. Res. 97, 2463– 2474. -
Lee
, I. Y., Hannel, G.and Pruppacher, H. R. 1980. A numerical determination of the evolution of cloud drop spectra due to condensation on natural aerosol particles. J. Atmos. Sci. 37, 1839– 1853. -
Lefieveld
, J.and Heintzenberg, J. 1992. Sulfate cooling effect on climate through in-cloud oxidation of anthro-pogenic SO2. Science, 117– 120. -
Mason
, B.and Moore, C. B. 1982. Principles of geochemistry . Wiley, New York, 344 pp. -
Milford
, J. G.and Davidson, C. I. 1987. The sizes of par-ticulate sulfate and nitrate in the atmosphere. A review. JAPCA, 125– 134. -
Nicholls
, S. 1984. The dynamics of stratocumulus: air-craft observations and comparisons. Q. J. R. Met. Soc. 110, 783– 820. -
Novakov
, T.and Penner, J. E. 1993. Large contribution of organic aerosol to cloud-condensation-nuclei con-centrations. Nature, 823– 826. -
Pandis
, S. N., Paulson, S. E., Seinfeld, J. H.and Flagan, R. C.Aerosol formation in the photooxidation of isoprene and fl-pinene. Atmos. Environ. 25A, 997– 1008. -
Penner
, J. E., Dickinson, R. E.and O'Neill, C. A. 1992. Effects of aerosol from biomass burning on the global radiation budget. Science, 1432– 1434. -
Penner
, J. E., Atherton, C. S.and Graedel, T. E. 1994.Global emissions and models of photochemically active compounds. Global atmospheric-biospheric chemistry: the 1st IGAC Scientific conference. OHOLO Con-ference Series Books, Plenum Publishing, New York. -
Pruppacher
, H. Rand Klett, J. D. 1978.Microphysics of clouds and precipitation. D. Reidel, 714 pp. -
Seinfeld
, J. H. 1986. Atmospheric chemistry and physics of air pollution . Wiley, New York, 737 pp. -
Spiro
, P. A., Jacob, D. J.and Logan, J. A.Global inventory of sulfur emissions with 10 x 10 resolution. J. Geophys. Res. 97, 6023– 6036. -
Stevens
, R. K., Dzubay, T. G., Russwurm, G.and Rickel, D. 1978. Sampling and analysis of atmospheric sulfates and related species. Atmos. Environ. 12, 55– 68. -
Twomey
, S. A. 1977. Atmospheric aerosols . Elseview, New York, 302 pp. -
Twomey
, S. A. 1991. Aerosols, clouds and radiation. Atmos. Environ. 25A, 2435– 2442. -
Wigley
, T. M. L. 1989. Possible climate change due to SO2 -derived cloud condensation nuclei. Nature, 365– 367. -
Whitby
, K. T. 1978. The physical characteristics of sulfur aerosols. Atmos. Environ. 12, 135– 159.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v47i5.16072 | Journal eISSN: 1600-0889
Language: English
Page range: 566 - 577
Submitted on: May 24, 1993
Accepted on: Nov 14, 1994
Published on: Jan 1, 1995
Published by: Stockholm University Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
© 1995 Catherine C. Chuang, Joyce E. Penner, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.