Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Vertical fluxes of volatile mercury over forest soil and lake surfaces in Sweden Cover

Vertical fluxes of volatile mercury over forest soil and lake surfaces in Sweden

Open Access
|Jan 1991

References

  1. Alberts , J. J. , Schindler , J. E. , Miller , R. W. and Nutter , D . E., Jr. 1974. Elemental mercury evolution mediated by humic acid. Science 184, 895 897
  2. Andersson , F. and Olsson , B . 1985 . Lake Gardsjön-An acid forest lake and its catchment . Ecological Bulletins 37 , 7 9 .
  3. Benes , P. and Havlik , B . 1979. Speciation of mercury in natural waters. In: The biogeochemistry of mercury in the environment (ed. J. O. Nriagu ). Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press, Amsterdam, 175 202.
  4. Braman , R. S. and Johnson , D. L . 1974 . Selective absorp-tion tubes and emission techniques for determination of ambient forms of mercury in air . Environ. Sci. Technol . 8 , 996 1003 .
  5. Bricker , J. L . 1980 . Atomic emission spectrometric deter-mination of mercury in natural water at the part-per-trillion level . Anal. Chem . 52 , 492 496 .
  6. Brosset , C . 1981 . The mercury cycle . Water, Air and Soil Pollut . 16 , 253 255 .
  7. Brosset , C . 1987 . The behavior of mercury in the physical environment . Water, Air and Soil Pollut . 34 , 145 166 .
  8. Cooper , W. J. , Zika , R. G. , Petasne , R. G. and Plane , J. M. C . 1988 . Photochemical formation of H202 in natural water exposed to sunlight . Environ. Sci. Technol . 22 , 1156 1160 .
  9. Dupont , R. R. and Reineman , J. A . 1986. Evaluation of volatilization of hazardous constituents at hazardous waste land treatment sites. United States Environmen-tal Protection Agency, Report No. EPA/600/S2-86/071.
  10. Fitzgerald , W. F. and Gill , G. A . 1979. Subnanogram determination of mercury by two-stage gold amalgamation and gas phase detection applied to atmosphere analysis. Anal. Chem. 5/, 1714 1720.
  11. Fitzgerald , W. F. , Mason , R. P. and Vandal , G. M . 1991 . Atmospheric cycling and air-water exchange of mercury over mid-continental lacustrine regions . Water , Air and Soil Pollut ., in press .
  12. Head , P. C. and Nicholson , R. A . 1973 . A cold vapor technique for the determination of mercury in geologi-cal materials involving its reduction with tin(II) chloride and collection on gold wire . Analyst 98 , 53 56 .
  13. Hultberg , H. and Grennfelt , P . 1986 . Gardsjön project: lake acidification, chemistry in catchment runoff, lake liming and microcatchment manipulations . Water, Air and Soil Pollut . 30 , 31 46 .
  14. Iverfeldt , Å . 1984. Structural, thermodynamic and kinetic studies of mercury compounds; applications within the environmental mercury cycle. Thesis, Dept. of Inorganic Chemistry, Univ. of Gothenburg, S-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
  15. Iverfeldt , Å . 1988 . Mercury in the norwegian fjord framvaren . Marine Chemistry 23 , 441 456 .
  16. Iverfeldt , Å. and Lindqvist , O . 1982 . Distribution equi-librium of methylmercury chloride between water and air . Atmos. Environ . 16 , 2917 2925 .
  17. Johansson , C . 1984 . Field measurements of emission of nitric oxide from fertilized forest soils in Sweden . J. Atmos. Chem . 1 , 429 442 .
  18. Johansson , C . 1987 . Pine forest: a negligible sink for atmospheric NOx in rural Sweden . Tellus 39B , 426 438 .
  19. Johansson , C. and Granat , L . 1984 . Emission of nitric oxide from arable land . Tellus 36B , 25 37 .
  20. Kim , J. P. and Fitzgerald , W. F . 1986 . Sea-air partition-ing of mercury in the equatorial Pacific ocean . Science 231 , 1131 1133 .
  21. Kothny , E. L . 1973. The three phase equilibrium of mer-cury in nature. In: Trace elements in the environment, (ed. E. L. Kothny ), Advances in Chemistry Series, no. 123. American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., P. 48 80.
  22. Lerman , A . 1979. Atmosphere-ocean-land exchange. In: Geochemical processes-water and sediment environ-ments. J. Wiley & Sons Ltd., New York, N.Y., 166 179.
  23. Lindberg , S. E . 1987. Emission and deposition of atmospheric mercury vapor. In: Lead, mercury, cadmium and arsenic in the environment (eds. T. C. Hutchinson and K. M. Meema ). J. Wiley & Sons Ltd., New York, N.Y., 89 106.
  24. Lindqvist , O. and Rodhe , H . 1985 . Atmospheric mercury-a review . Tellus 37B , 136 159 .
  25. Lindqvist , O. and Schroeder , W. H . 1989 . Cycling of mercury in the environment with emphasis on the importance of the element in acid rain studies. In: Control and fate of atmospheric trace metals. (eds. J. M. Pacyna and B. Ottar ). Kluwer Academic Publishers , 268 , 303 310 .
  26. Lindqvist , O. , Jernelöv , A. , Johansson , K. and Rodhe , H . 1984. Mercury in the Swedish environment, global and local sources. SNV Report PM 1816, The Swedish National Environmental Protection Board, S-171 25 Solna, Sweden.
  27. Lindqvist , O. , Johansson , K. , Aastrup , M. , Andersson , A. , Bringmark , L. , Hovsenius , G. , Hákanson , L. , Iverfeldt , A. , Meli , M. and Timm , B . 1991 . Mercury in the Swedish environment-recent research on cause , consequence and corrective methods. Water , Air and Soil Pollut ., in press .
  28. Mercer , T. T . 1979 . Adsorption of mercury vapor by gold and silver . Anal. Chem . 51 , 1026 1030 .
  29. Munthe , J. , Schroeder , W. H. , Xiao , Z. F. and Lindqvist , O . 1990 . Removal of gaseous mercury from air using a gold coated denuder . Atmos. Environ . 24 , 2271 2274 .
  30. Power , J. F. , Sharma , D. K. , Langford , C. H. , Bonneau , R. and Joussot-Dubin , J . 1987. Laser flash photolytic studies of a well-characterized soil humic substance. ACS Symposium Series 327, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 157 173.
  31. Schroeder , W. H . 1982. Sampling and analysis of mer-cury and its compounds in the atmosphere. Environ. ScL Technol. 16, 394A - 400A .
  32. Schroeder , W. H . 1988. Mercury species in the hydrologi-cal cycle. In: Heavy metals in the hydrological cycle. (eds. M. Astruc and J. N. Lester ). Selper Ltd., London, UK, 83 90.
  33. Schroeder , W. H. and Fanaki , F. H . 1987 . Air-water exchange of mercury. In: Proc. 6th. Int. Conf on Heavy Metals in the Environment, CEP Consultants Ltd ., Edinburgh, UK, Vol . 1 , 36 40 .
  34. Schroeder , W. H. and Fanaki , F. H . 1988 . Field measurements of water-air exchange of mercury in fresh water systems . Environ. TechnoL Letters 9 , 369 374 .
  35. Schroeder , W. H. , Hamilton , M. C. and Stobart , S. R . 1985 . The use of noble metals as collection media for mercury and its compounds in the atmosphere . Revs. AnaL Chem . 8 , 179 209 .
  36. Schroeder , W. H. , Munthe , J. and Lindqvist , O . 1989 . Cycling of mercury between water, air, and soil com-partments of the environment . Water, Air and Soil Pollut . 48 , 337 347 .
  37. Seiler , W. , Eberling , C. and Slemr , F . 1980 . Global distribution of gaseous mercury in the troposphere . Pageoph . 118 , 963 973 .
  38. Siegel , B. Z. and Siegel , S. M . 1979. Biological indica-tors of atmospheric mercury. In: The biogeochemistry of mercury in the environment (ed. J. O. Nriagu ). Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press, Amster-dam, 131 159.
  39. Siegel , S. M. and Siegel , B. Z . 1988 . Temperature deter-minations of plant-soil-air mercury relationship . Water, Air and Soil Pollut . 40 , 443 448 .
  40. Slemr , F. and Seiler , W . 1984 . Field measurements of NO and NO2 emission from fertilized and unfertilized soils . J. Atmos. Chem . 2 , 1 24 .
  41. Slemr , F. , Conrad , R. and Seiler , W . 1984 . Field measurements of fertilizer-induced N20 emission in a sub-tropical Region . J. Atmos. Chem . 1 , 159 169 .
  42. Spangler , W. S. and Spigarelli , J. L . 1973 . Methyl mercury: bacterial degradation in lake sediments . Science 180 , 192 193 .
  43. Steffan , R. J. , Korthals , E. T. and Winfrey , M. R . 1988. Effects of acidification on mercury methylation , demethylation and volatilization in sediments from a acid-susceptible lake. Applied and Environmental Microbiology , August 2003 - 2009 .
  44. Wesely , M. L. , Lenshow , O. H. and Denmead, 0. T. 1989. Flux measurement techniques. In: Global tropospheric chemistry-chemical fluxes in the global atmosphere (eds. H. L. Donald and B. H. Bruce ). National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, 31 46.
  45. Williston , S. H . 1986 . Mercury in the atmosphere . J. Geophys. Res . 73 , 7051 7055 .
  46. Xiao , Z. F. , Munthe , J. , Schroeder , W. H. and Lindqvist , O . 1988. Mercury fluxes over soil and lake surfaces. Report OOK 88:10, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology and the University of Gothenburg, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden. ISSN 0283-8575,1-53.
  47. Zepp , R. G. , Schlotzhauer , P. F. and Sink , R. M . 1985 . Photosensitized transformations involving electronic energy transfer in natural waters: role of humic sub-stances . Environ. ScL TechnoL 19 , 74 81 .
Language: English
Page range: 267 - 279
Submitted on: Jun 28, 1990
Accepted on: Dec 20, 1990
Published on: Jan 1, 1991
Published by: Stockholm University Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 1991 Z. F. Xiao, J. Munthe, W. H. Schroeder, O. Lindqvist, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.