Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Sulfur deposition onto European forests: throughfall data and model estimates Cover

Sulfur deposition onto European forests: throughfall data and model estimates

Open Access
|Jan 1990

References

  1. Adema , E. H. , Heeres , P. and Hulskotte , J . 1986. On the dry deposition of NH3, SO2 and NO2 on wet surfaces in a small scale windtunnel. Proceedings, 7th World Clean Air Congress. Sydney 25-29 September 1986, Vol. 2,1-8.
  2. Alcamo , J. and Posch , M . 1986. Effect of interannual meteorological variability on computed sulfur depo-sition in Europe. In: Atmospheric computations to assess acidffication in Europe: Work in progress (eds. J. Alcamo and J. Bartnicki ). Research Report RR-86-5, IIASA, Laxenburg/Austria.
  3. Alcamo , J. , Amann , M. , Hettelingh , J.-P. , Holmberg , M. , Hordijk , L. , Kämäri , J. , Kauppi , L. , Kauppi , P. , Kornai , G. and Mäkeld , A . 1987 . Acidification in Europe: a simulation model for evaluating control strategies . Ambio 16 , 232 245 .
  4. Alcock , M. R. and Morton , A. J . 1985 . The sulphur content and pH of rainfall and of throughfalls under pine and birch . J. Appl. Ecol . 18 , 835 839 .
  5. Alends , I. and Skärby , L . 1988. Throughfall and needle content of plant nutrients in relation to crown thinning in a Swedish spruce forest. Proceedings, Scientific basis of forest decline symptomalogy. Edin-burgh, Scotland, 21-24 March 1988,227-237.
  6. Asman , W. A. H. , Slanina , J. and Baard , J. H . 1981 . Meteorological interpretation of the chemical compo-sition of rain-water at one measuring site . Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 16 , 159 175 .
  7. Bredermeier , M . 1988 . Forest canopy transformation of atmospheric deposition . Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 40 , 121 138 .
  8. Bückling , W. and Steinle , R . 1987 . Small scale vari-ability of deposition in semi-natural forest ecosystems (in German) . In: Air pollution and ecosystems (ed . P. Mathy). Dordrecht/The Netherlands : D. Reidel Publ. Comp ., 486 492 .
  9. Buldgen , P. and Remade , J . 1984 . Sulphur budget in forested watersheds in Haute Ardenne region (Belgium) . Proceedings , Acid deposition and sulphur cycle. Brussels/Belgium , 163 169 .
  10. Dollard , G. J. and Unsworth , M. H . 1983 . Field measurements of turbulent fluxes of wind-driven fog drops to a grass surface . Atmos. Environ . 17 , 775 780 .
  11. Draaijers , G. P. J. , Ivens , W. P. M. F. and Bleuten , W . 1988 . Atmospheric deposition in forest edges measured by monitoring canopy throughfall . Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 42 , 129 136 .
  12. Eliassen , A. and Saltbones , J . 1983 . Modelling of long-range transport of sulphur over Europe: a two-year model run and some model experiments . Atnws. Environ . 17 , 1457 1473 .
  13. Fowler , D . 1984 . Transfer to terrestrial surfaces . Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 305 , 281 297 .
  14. Garten , C. T. , Bondietti , E. A. and Lomax , R. D . 1988 . The contribution of foliar leaching and dry depo-sition to sulphate in net throughfall below deciduous trees . Atmos. Environ . 22 , 1425 1432 .
  15. Georgii , H. W. , Grosch , S. and Schmitt , G . 1986 . Assessment of dry and wet pollutant deposition to forests in the Federal Republic of Germany . Final report part A (in German) . Frankfurt/FRG : Institut fiir Meteorologic und Geophysik, J. W. Goethe Universität , 237 p .
  16. Grennfelt , P. , Larsson , S. , Leyton , P. and Olsson , B . 1985 . Atmospheric deposition in the Lake Gärdsjön area, SW Sweden . Ecol. Bull . 37 , 101 108 .
  17. Hantschel , R . 1987 . Water- and element balance of damaged, fertilized Norway Spruce ecosystems in the Fichte( mountains, taking into account the soil physical and chemical heterogenity (in German) . Bayreuth/ FRG: Bayreuth bodenkundliche Berichte, Band 3 , 219 p .
  18. Hasselrot , B. and Grennfelt , P . 1987 . Deposition of air pollutants in a wind exposed forest edge . Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 34 , 135 143 .
  19. Heil , G. W. , Werger , M. J. A. , de Mol , W. , van Dam , D. and Heijne , B . 1988 . Capture of atmospheric ammonium by grassland canopies . Science 239 , 764 765 .
  20. Hicks , B. B. , Wesely , M. L. , Lindberg , S. E. and Bromberg , S. M. (eds.) 1986 . Proceedings, NAPAP Workshop on Dry Deposition, 25-27 March 1986 . Harpers Ferry , W-Virginia. Oak Ridge/USA: NOAA/ATDD , 77 p .
  21. Houdijk , A. L. F. M. and Roelofs , J. G. M . 1988 . Deposition of acidifying compounds in Dutch forests, measured by throughfall (in Dutch) . Nijmegen/The Netherlands: Vakgroep Aquatische Oecologie en Biogeologie , Universiteit van Nijmegen , 14 p .
  22. Hultberg , H . 1985 . Budgets of base cations, chloride, nitrogen and sulphur in the acid Lake Gärdsjön catchment, SW Sweden . Ecol. Bull . 37 , 133 157 .
  23. Ivens , W. P. M. F. , Draaijers , G. P. J. , Bos , M. M. and Bleuten , W . 1988. Dutch forests as air pollutant sinks in agricultural areas. Utrecht/The Netherlands: Department of Physical Geography, University of Utrecht, Report AD 1988-01, 43 p .
  24. Johnson , D. W. , Richter , D. , van Miegroet , H. and Kelly , J. M . 1986 . Sulphur cycling in five forest ecosystems . Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 30 , 965 979 .
  25. Kämäri , J . 1986. Linkage between atmospheric inputs and soil and water acidification. In: Atmospheric computations to assess acidification in Europe: Work in progress (eds. J. Alcamo and J. Bartnicki ). Research Report RR-86-5, IIASA, Laxenburg/Austria, 76 83.
  26. Klöti , P . 1988 . Project “Throughfall” , Final report 4.8.88 (in German). Birmensdorf/Switzerland: EAFV , 47 p .
  27. Lehmhaus , J. , Saltbones , J. and Eliassen , A . 1986 . A modified sulphur budget for Europe for 1980 . Lilleström/Norway : NILU, EMEP/MSC-W Report 1/86 , 19 p .
  28. Leitat , E. and Fagot , J . 1987 . Study of forest damage in Belgium: first results of one year precipitation collection at the research station Vielsalm (in French) . In: Air pollution and ecosystems (ed . P. Mathy). Dordrecht/The Netherlands : D. Reidel Publ. Comp ., 554 559 .
  29. Lindberg , S. E. , Lovett , G. M. , Richter , D. D. and Johnson , D. W . 1986 . Atmospheric deposition and canopy interactions of major ions in a forest . Science 231 , 141 145 .
  30. Lovett , G. M. and Reiners , W. A . 1986 . Canopy structure and cloud water deposition in subalpine coniferous forests . Tellus 38B , 319 327 .
  31. Mayer , R . 1987 . Throughfall and stemflow mechanisms: deposition pattern of air pollutants below vegetation cover . In: Pollution climates in Europe and their perception by terrestrial ecosystems, Air pollution research report 6 . Brussels/Belgium : Commission of European Communities , 96 106 .
  32. Meiwes , K. J. and Khanna , P. K . 1981 . Distribution and cycling of sulphur in the vegetation of two forest ecosystems in an acid rain environment . Plant and Soil 60 , 369 375 .
  33. Miller , H. G. and Miller , J. D . 1980 . Collection and retention of atmospheric pollutants by vegetation . In: Ecological impact of acid precipitation (eds. D. Drablos and A. Tollan ) . Norway : SNSF-Poject , 33 40 .
  34. Nicholson , I. A. , Cape , D. , Fowler , D. , Kinnard , J. W. and Paterson , I. S . 1980. Effects of a Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) canopy on the chemical compo-sition and deposition pattern of precipitation. In: Ecological impact of acid precipitation (eds. D. Drablos and A. Tollan ). Norway: SNSF-Poject, 148 149.
  35. Nihlgard , B . 1970 . Precipitation, its chemical compo-sition and effect on soil water in a beech and a spruce forest in south Sweden . Oikos 21 , 208 217 .
  36. OECD 1987 . Environmental data , Compendium 1987. Paris/France: OECD , 365 p .
  37. Probst , A. and Dambrine , E . 1988. Comparison of the functioning and hydrochemical balance of watersheds at Aubure (Vosges) and at Mont-Lozer (Massif Central) (in French). Strasbourg/France: Institut de Geologic, 45 p.
  38. Rapp , M . 1973 . Le cycle biogéochimique du soufre dans une foret de Quercus ilex L. du sud de la France. Oecol . Plant 8 ( 4 ), 325 334 .
  39. Rasmussen , L . 1987 . Input/output budgets and internal cycling of elements in three spruce forest ecosystems in Denmark. Proceedings, Geomon-International workshop on geochemistry and monitoring in rep-resentative basins . Prague, Czechoslovakia , 1987 , 13 15 .
  40. Roberts , T. M. , Clarke , T. A. , Imeson , P. and Gray , T. R . 1980. Effects of sulphur deposition on litter decomposition and nutrient leaching in coniferous forest soils. In: Effects of acid precipitation on terres-trial ecosystems (eds. T. C. Hutchinson and M. Havas ). Plenum Press, 381 393.
  41. Skeffington , R. A . 1983 . Soil properties under three species of tree in southern England in relation to acid deposition in throughfall . In: Effects of Accumulation of air pollutants in forest ecosystems (eds. B. Ulrich and J. Pankrath ) . Dordrecht/The Netherlands : D. Reidel Publ. Comp ., 219 231 .
  42. Stevens , P. A . 1987 . Throughfall chemistry beneath Sitka spruce of four ages in Beddgelert Forest, North Wales, UK . Plant and Soil 101 , 291 294 .
  43. Van Breemen , N. , Burrough , P. A. , Velthorst , E. J. , van Dobben , H. F. , de Wit , T. , de Ridder , T. B. and Reijnders , H. F. R . 1982 . Soil acidification from atmospherip ammonium sulphate in forest canopy throughfall . Nature 299 , 548 550 .
  44. Van Breemen , N. , Visser , W. J. F. and Pape , Th. (eds.) 1988. Biogeochemistry of an oak woodland affected by atmospheric deposition. Agr. Res. Repts. 930. Wageningen/The Netherlands: Pudoc.
  45. Verstraten , J. M. , Duijsings , J. J. H. M. , Bruynzeel , L. A. , Bouten , W. and van Wijk , A. J . 1984 . Bio- chemical balance study of a forest ecosystem east of Winterswijk (in Dutch) . In: Zure Regen, oorzaken, effecten en beleid (eds. E. H. Adema and J. van Ham ). Wageningen/The Netherlands : Pudoc , 113 120 .
  46. WMO (World Meteorological Organization) 1988 . Meeting on the assessment of the meteorological aspects of the third phase of EMEP. W MO Report on Environmental Monitoring and Research Programme, number 48.
Language: English
Page range: 294 - 303
Submitted on: Jul 11, 1988
Accepted on: Dec 11, 1989
Published on: Jan 1, 1990
Published by: Stockholm University Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 1990 Wilfried Ivens, Pekka Kauppi, Joseph Alcamo, Maximilian Posch, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.