Fig. 1
The first guess field at 0010 UTC 08 July 2010. (a) Horizontal wind and vertical velocity (units: m/s) and (b) rainwater-mixing ratio (units: g/kg). The location of the single observation is marked by the red star.
Fig. 2
The increments at 0100 UTC 08 July 2010 on the eleventh model level from experiment SOE1. (a) Wind vector and vertical velocity (shaded, units: m/s) and (b) rainwater-mixing ratio (units: g/kg). The location of the single observation is marked by the black star.
Fig. 4
The south–north vertical section of increment of rainwater-mixing ratio (colour; g/kg) and vertical velocity (contour; m/s) from (a) SOE1 and (b) SOE2. The vertical sections are along 30.60°N.
Fig. 3
As in Fig. 2, but for the increments from the experiment SOE2.
Fig. 5
The vertical profiles of RMSEs in (a) u winds (m/s), (b) v winds (m/s), (c) w winds (m/s) and (d) rainwater-mixing ratio (g/kg) from the CTRL, LRASAss, and PRASAss results. The results of CTRL, LRASAss and PRASAss analysis field are denoted by blue squares, red triangles and green circles, respectively.
Fig. 6
The vertical profiles of RMSEs in (a) u winds (m/s), (b) v winds (m/s), (c) w winds (m/s) and (d) rainwater-mixing ratio (g/kg) from the CTRL, Cycle-1, Cycle-2 and Cycle-3 results. The results of CTRL, Cycle-1, Cycle-2 and Cycle-3 analysis field are denoted by black plus, red triangles, green circles, and blue squares, respectively.
Fig. 8
The 24-hour accumulated precipitation for (a) the observed (b) Exp-Sim and (c) PRASAss from 0000 UTC 08 to 0000 UTC 09 July 2010 (units: mm); the red star represents the location of the Doppler radar in Wuhan.
Fig. 7
The increments for vertical velocity and rainwater-mixing ratio on the eleventh model level: (a, b and c) vertical velocity (m/s) for the sizes 100, 120 and 142, respectively; (d, e, and f) rainwater-mixing ratio (g/kg) for the sizes 100, 120 and 142, respectively. The red star represents the location of the Doppler radar in Wuhan.
Fig. 9
The SAL verification of 24-hour forecast precipitation for Exp-Sim and PRASAss.
Fig. 10
The increments for wind field and rainwater-mixing ratio on the eighth model level. (a) Horizontal wind (vector, units: m/s) and vertical velocity (shaded, units: m/s); (b) rainwater-mixing ratio (units: g/kg). The black star represents the location of the Doppler radar in Wuhan.
Fig. 11
The south–north vertical section of increment along 116.2°E. (a) V wind (m/s). (b) rainwater-mixing ratio (colour; g/kg) and vertical velocity (contour; m/s).
Fig. 12
The difference between assimilated observed reflectivity and corresponding background reflectivity. All fields are computed at 2.4° scan surface.