Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Contrasting meridional structures of stratospheric and tropospheric planetary wave variability in the Northern Hemisphere Cover

Contrasting meridional structures of stratospheric and tropospheric planetary wave variability in the Northern Hemisphere

By: ,  ,   and    
Open Access
|Dec 2014

References

  1. Andrews D. G. , Holton J. R. , Leovy C. B . Middle Atmospheric Dynamics. 1987; , New York 489. Academic Press.
  2. Athanasiadis P. J. , Ambaum M. H. P . Linear contributions of different time scales to teleconnectivity. J. Clim. 2009; 22(13): 37203728.
  3. Barnston A. G. , Livezey R. E . Classification, seasonality and persistence of low-frequency atmospheric circulation patterns. Mon. Wea. Rev. 1987; 115: 10831126.
  4. Blackmon M. L. , Madden R. A. , Wallace J. M. , Gutzler D. S . Geographical variations in the vertical structure of geopotential height fluctuations. J. Atmos. Sci. 1979; 36(12): 24502466.
  5. Blackmon M. L. , Lee Y. H. , Wallace J. M . Horizontal structure of 500-mb height fluctuations with long, intermediate and short-time scales. J. Atmos. Sci. 1984; 41(6): 961979.
  6. Boer G. J. , Fourest S. , Yu B . The signature of the annular modes in the moisture budget. J. Clim. 2001; 14(17): 36553665.
  7. Charney J. G. , Drazin P. G . Propagation of planetary-scale disturbances from lower into upper atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 1961; 66(1): 83109.
  8. Chen W. , Huang R. H . The propagation and transport effect of planetary waves in the Northern Hemisphere winter. Adv. Atmos. Sci. 2002; 19(6): 11131126.
  9. Chen W. , Takahashi M. , Graf H. F . Interannual variations of stationary planetary wave activity in the northern winter troposphere and stratosphere and their relations to NAM and SST. J. Geophys. Res. 2003; 108: 4797.
  10. Chen W. , Yang S. , Huang R. H . Relationship between stationary planetary wave activity and the East Asian winter monsoon. J. Geophys. Res. 2005; 110(D14): 14110.
  11. Cheong H. B. , Kwon I. H. , Goo T. Y . Further study on the high-order double-Fourier-series spectral filtering on a sphere. J. Comput. Phys. 2004; 193(1): 180197.
  12. DeWeaver E. , Nigam S . Zonal-eddy dynamics of the North Atlantic oscillation. J. Clim. 2000; 13(22): 38933914.
  13. Edmon H. J. , Hoskins B. J. , Mcintyre M. E . Eliassen-Palm cross-sections for the troposphere. J. Atmos. Sci. 1980; 37(12): 26002616.
  14. Folland C. K. , Knight J. , Linderholm H. W. , Fereday D. , Ineson S. , co-authors . The summer North Atlantic Oscillation: past, present, and future. J. Clim. 2009; 22(5): 10821103.
  15. Garcia-Herrera R. , Calvo N. , Garcia R. R. , Giorgetta M. A . Propagation of ENSO temperature signals into the middle atmosphere: a comparison of two general circulation models and ERA-40 reanalysis data. J. Geophys. Res. 2006; 111(D6): 06101.
  16. Garfinkel C. I. , Hartmann D. L . Effects of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation and the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation on polar temperatures in the stratosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 2007; 112(D19): 19112.
  17. Garfinkel C. I. , Hartmann D. L . Different ENSO teleconnections and their effects on the stratospheric polar vortex. J. Geophys. Res. 2008; 113(D18): 18114.
  18. Garfinkel C. I. , Shaw T. A. , Hartmann D. L. , Waugh D. W . Does the Holton-Tan mechanism explain how the quasi-biennial oscillation modulates the arctic polar vortex?. J. Atmos. Sci. 2012; 69(5): 17131733.
  19. Hannachi A . On the origin of planetary-scale extratropical winter circulation regimes. J. Atmos. Sci. 2010; 67(5): 13821401.
  20. Harnik N. , Lindzen R. S . The effect of reflecting surfaces on the vertical structure and variability of stratospheric planetary waves. J. Atmos. Sci. 2001; 58(19): 28722894.
  21. Held I. M. , Ting M. F. , Wang H. L . Northern winter stationary waves: theory and modelling. J. Clim. 2002; 15(16): 21252144.
  22. Holton J. R. , Tan H. C . The influence of the equatorial quasi-biennial oscillation on the global circulation at 50 Mb. J. Atmos. Sci. 1980; 37(10): 22002208.
  23. Hoskins B. J. , Karoly D. J . The steady linear response of a spherical atmosphere to thermal and orographic forcing. J. Atmos. Sci. 1981; 38(6): 11791196.
  24. Hu Y. Y. , Tung K. K . Interannual and decadal variations of planetary wave activity, stratospheric cooling, and Northern Hemisphere Annular mode. J. Clim. 2002; 15(13): 16591673.
  25. Hurrell J. W . Decadal trends in the North-Atlantic Oscillation-regional temperatures and precipitation. Science. 1995; 269(5224): 676679.
  26. Ineson S. , Scaife A. A . The role of the stratosphere in the European climate response to El Nino. Nat. Geosci. 2009; 2(1): 3236.
  27. Jin F. F. , Hoskins B. J . The direct response to tropical heating in a baroclinic atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci. 1995; 52(3): 307319.
  28. Jin F. F. , Pan L. L. , Watanabe M . Dynamics of synoptic eddy and low-frequency flow interaction. Part I: a linear closure. J. Atmos. Sci. 2006; 63(7): 16771694.
  29. Kalnay E. , Kanamitsu M. , Kistler R. , Collins W. , Deaven D. , co-authors . The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 1996; 77(3): 437471.
  30. Kanamitsu M. , Ebisuzaki W. , Woollen J. , Yang S. K. , Hnilo J. J. , co-authors . NCEP-DOE AMIP-II reanalysis (R-2). Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 2002; 83(11): 16311643.
  31. Kaplan A. , Cane M. A. , Kushnir Y. , Clement A. C. , Blumenthal M. B. , co-authors . Analyses of global sea surface temperature 1856–1991. J. Geophys. Res. 1998; 103(C9): 1856718589.
  32. Karoly D. J . Southern Hemisphere circulation features associated with El nino-Southern Oscillation events. J. Clim. 1989; 2(11): 12391252.
  33. Kimoto M. , Jin F. F. , Watanabe M. , Yasutomi N . Zonal-eddy coupling and a neutral mode theory for the Arctic Oscillation. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2001; 28(4): 737740.
  34. Kug J.-S. , Jin F.-F . Left-hand rule for synoptic eddy feedback on low-frequency flow. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2009; 36(5): 05709.
  35. Kuo H. L . On quasi-nondivergent prognostic equations and their integration. Tellus. 1956; 8(3): 373383.
  36. Layton A. T. , Spotz W. F . A semi-Lagrangian double Fourier method for the shallow water equations on the sphere. J. Comput. Phys. 2003; 189(1): 180196.
  37. Li J. P. , Sun C. , Jin F. F . NAO implicated as a predictor of Northern Hemisphere mean temperature multidecadal variability. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2013; 40(20): 54975502.
  38. Li J. P. , Wang J. X. L . A new North Atlantic Oscillation index and its variability. Adv. Atmos. Sci. 2003; 20(5): 661676.
  39. Li Q. , Graf H. F. , Giorgetta M. A . Stationary planetary wave propagation in Northern Hemisphere winter – climatological analysis of the refractive index. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2007; 7: 183200.
  40. Manzini E. , Giorgetta M. A. , Esch M. , Kornblueh L. , Roeckner E . The influence of sea surface temperatures on the northern winter stratosphere: ensemble simulations with the MAECHAM5 model. J. Clim. 2006; 19(16): 38633881.
  41. Matsuno T . Vertical propagation of stationary planetary waves in winter Northern Hemisphere. J. Atmos. Sci. 1970; 27(6): 871883.
  42. Nigam S. , Chung C. , DeWeaver E . ENSO diabatic heating in ECMWF and NCEP-NCAR reanalyses, and NCAR CCM3 simulation. J. Clim. 2000; 13(17): 31523171.
  43. Nigam S. , Lindzen R. S . The sensitivity of stationary waves to variations in the basic state zonal flow. J. Atmos. Sci. 1989; 46(12): 17461768.
  44. North G. R. , Bell T. L. , Cahalan R. F. , Moeng F. J . Sampling errors in the estimation of empirical orthogonal functions. Mon. Weather Rev. 1982a; 110(7): 699706.
  45. North G. R. , Moeng F. J. , Bell T. L. , Cahalan R. F . The latitude dependence of the variance of zonally averaged quantities. Mon. Weather Rev. 1982b; 110(5): 319326.
  46. Ogi M . The summertime annular mode in the Northern Hemisphere and its linkage to the winter mode. J. Geophys. Res. 2004; 109(D20): 20114.
  47. Perlwitz J. , Graf H. F . The statistical connection between tropospheric and stratospheric circulation of the northern-hemisphere in winter. J. Clim. 1995; 8(10): 22812295.
  48. Perlwitz J. , Graf H. F . The variability of the horizontal circulation in the troposphere and stratosphere – a comparison. Theor. Appl. Climatol. 2001; 69(3–4): 149161.
  49. Perlwitz J. , Harnik N . Observational evidence of a stratospheric influence on the troposphere by planetary wave reflection. J. Clim. 2003; 16(18): 30113026.
  50. Pyper B. J. , Peterman R. M . Comparison of methods to account for autocorrelation in correlation analyses of fish data. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 1998; 55: 21272140.
  51. Randel W. J. , Wu F. , Stolarski R . Changes in column ozone correlated with the stratospheric EP flux. J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn. 2002; 80(4B): 849862.
  52. Rossby C. G . Relation between variations in the intensity of the zonal circulation of the atmosphere and the displacements of the semipermanent centres of action. J. Mar. Res. 1939; 2(1): 3855.
  53. Simmons A. , Uppala S. , Dee D. , Kobayashi S . ERA–Interim: new ECMWF reanalysis products from 1989 onwards. ECMWF Newslett. 2007; 110: 2535.
  54. Simmons A. J. , Wallace J. M. , Branstator G. W . Barotropic wave-propagation and instability, and atmospheric teleconnection patterns. J. Atmos. Sci. 1983; 40(6): 13631392.
  55. Sun C. , Li J. P . Space-time spectral analysis of the southern hemisphere daily 500-hpa geopotential height. Mon. Weather Rev. 2012; 140(12): 38443856.
  56. Sun C. , Li J. P. , Jin F. F. , Ding R. Q . Sea surface temperature inter-hemispheric dipole and its relation to tropical precipitation. Environ. Res. Lett. 2013; 8: 044006.
  57. Thompson D. W. J. , Wallace J. M . Annular modes in the extratropical circulation. Part I: month-to-month variability. J. Clim. 2000; 13(5): 10001016.
  58. Ting M. F . Steady linear response to tropical heating in barotropic and baroclinic models. J. Atmos. Sci. 1996; 53(12): 16981709.
  59. Ting M. F. , Hoerling M. P. , Xu T. Y. , Kumar A . Northern hemisphere teleconnection patterns during extreme phases of the zonal-mean circulation. J. Clim. 1996; 9(10): 26142633.
  60. Trenberth K. E. , Branstator G. W. , Karoly D. , Kumar A. , Lau N. C. , co-authors . Progress during TOGA in understanding and modelling global teleconnections associated with tropical sea surface temperatures. J. Geophys. Res. 1998; 103(C7): 1429114324.
  61. van Loon H. , Labitzke K . The Southern Oscillation: the anomalies in the lower stratosphere of the Northern-Hemisphere in winter and a comparison with the quasi-biennial oscillation. Mon. Weather Rev. 1987; 115(2): 357369.
  62. Wallace J. M . North Atlantic Oscillation/annular mode: two paradigms – one phenomenon. Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 2000; 126(564): 791805.
  63. Wallace J. M. , Blackmon M. L . Hoskins B. , Pearce R . Observations of low-frequency atmospheric variability. I Large-scale dynamical processes in the atmosphere. 1983; San Diego, California, Academic Press. 5594.
  64. Wallace J. M. , Gutzler D. S . Teleconnections in the geopotential height field during the northern hemisphere winter. Mon. Weather Rev. 1981; 109(4): 784812.
  65. Wang L. , Huang R. H. , Gu L. , Chen W. , Kang L. H . Interdecadal variations of the East Asian winter monsoon and their association with quasi-stationary planetary wave activity. J. Clim. 2009; 22(18): 48604872.
  66. Watanabe M . Asian jet waveguide and a downstream extension of the North Atlantic Oscillation. J. Clim. 2004; 17(24): 46744691.
  67. Watanabe M. , Kimoto M . Atmosphere-ocean thermal coupling in the North Atlantic: a positive feedback. Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 2000; 126(570): 33433369.
  68. Wei K. , Chen W. , Huang R. H . Association of tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures with the stratospheric Holton-Tan Oscillation in the Northern Hemisphere winter. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2007; 34(16): 16814.
  69. Xie F. , Li J. , Tian W. , Feng J. , Huo Y . Signals of El Nino Modoki in the tropical tropopause layer and stratosphere. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2012; 12(11): 52595273.
  70. Wu Z. W. , Wang B. , Li J. P. , Jin F. F . An empirical seasonal prediction model of the East Asian summer monsoon using ENSO and NAO. J. Geophys. Res. 2009; 114: 18120.
  71. Wu Z. W. , Li J. P. , Jiang Z. H. , He J. H. , Zhu X. Y . Possible effects of the North Atlantic Oscillation on the strengthening relationship between the East Asian Summer monsoon and ENSO. Int. J. Climatol. 2012; 32(5): 794800.
  72. Yeh T. C . On energy dispersion in the atmosphere. J. Meteorol. 1949; 6(1): 116.
  73. Zuo J. Q. , Li W. J. , Sun C. H. , Xu L. , Ren H. L . Impact of the North Atlantic sea surface temperature tripole on the East Asian summer monsoon. Adv. Atmos. Sci. 2013; 30(4): 11731186.
Language: English
Page range: 25303 - 25303
Submitted on: Jun 26, 2014
Accepted on: Nov 5, 2014
Published on: Dec 1, 2014
Published by: Stockholm University Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2014 Cheng Sun, Jianping Li, Fei-Fei Jin, Fei Xie, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.