Moist dynamics and orographic precipitation

Qingfang Jiang

doi:10.3402/tellusa.v55i4.14577

Moist dynamics and orographic precipitation

Tellus

Volume 55 (2003): Issue 4

By: Qingfang Jiang

Open Access

|Jan 2003

Baines , P. G. and Smith , R. B. 1993 . Upstream stagnation points in stratified flow past obstacles . Dyn. Atmos. Oceans 18 , 105 – 113 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Barcilon , A. and Fitzjarrald , D. 1985 . A nonlinear steady model for moist hydrostatic mountain waves . J. Atmos. Sci . 42 , 58 – 67 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Barcilon , A. , Jusem , J. C. and Drazin , P. G. 1979 . On the two-dimensional hydrostatic flow of a stream of moist air over a mountain ridge . Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dynam . 13 , 125 – 140 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bauer , M. H. , Mayr , G. J. , Vergeiner , I., and Pichler , H . 2000 . Strongly nonlinear flow over and around a three-dimensional mountain as a function of the horizontal aspect ratio . J. Atmos. Sci . 57 , 57 – 3991 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Carbone , R. E. , Cooper , W. A. and Lee , W. 1995 . Forcing of flow reversal along the windward slopes of Hawaii . Mon. Wea. Rev . 123 , 3466 – 3480 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Colton , D. E. 1976 . Numerical simulation of the orographically induced precipitation distribution for use in hydro-logic analysis . J. AppL MeteoroL 15 , 1241 – 1251 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cotton , W. R. and Anthes , R. A. 1989 . Storm and cloud dy-namics . Academic Press , New York , 881 pp .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Durran , D. and Klemp , J. 1982a . The effects of moisture on trapped mountain lee waves . J. Atmos. Sci . 39 , 2152 – 2158 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Durran , D. and Klemp , J. 1982b . On the effects of moisture on the Brunt-Vaisala frequency . J. Atmos. Sci . 39 , 2152 – 2158 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Durran , D. and Klemp , J. 1983 . A compressible model for the simulation of moist mountain waves . Mon. Wea. Rev . 111 , 2341 – 2361 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ferretti , R. , Low-Nam , S. and Rotunno , R. 2000 . Numerical simulations of the Piedmont flood of 4-6 November 1994 . Tellus 52A , 168 – 180 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Fraser , A. B. , Easter , R. C. and Hobbs , P. V. 1973 . A theoretical study of the flow of air and fallout of solid precipitation over mountainous terrain. Part I: Airflow model . J. Atmos. Sci . 30 , 30 – 812 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hunt , C. R. and Snyder , W. H. 1980 . Experiments on stably and neutrally stratified flow over a model three-dimensional hill . J. Fluid. Mech . 96 , 671 – 704 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Huppert , H. E. and Miles , J. W. 1969 . Lee waves in a stratified flow: Part 3. Semi-elliptical obstacles . J. Fluid Mech . 35 , 481 – 496 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Jiang , Q. 2000 . Some theoretical aspects of orographic pre-cipitations . Ph.D. Thesis , Yale University .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Jiang , Q. and Smith , R. B. 2003 . Cloud timescales and orographic precipitation . J. Atmos. Sci ., in press .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Katzfey , J. J. 1995 . Simulation of extreme New Zealand precipitation events. Part II: Mechanisms of precipitation de-velopment . Mon. Wea. Rev . 123 , 755 – 775 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Lalas , D. P. and Einaudi , F. 1974 . On the correct use of the wet adiabatic lapse rate in the stability criteria of a saturated atmosphere . J. AppL MeteoroL 13 , 318 – 324 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Lin , Y. L. , Farley , R. D. and Orville , H. D. 1983 . Bulk parameterization of the snow field in a cloud model . J. Clim. AppL Meteorjol . 22 , 1065 – 1092 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Marwitz , J. 1980 . Winter storms over the San Juan Moun-tains, Part. 1: Dynamical processes . J. Appl. Meteorol . 19 , 913 – 926 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
O´lafsson , H. and Bougeault , P. 1996 . Nonlinear flow past an elliptic mountain ridge . J. Atmos. Sci . 53 , 2465 – 2489 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rhea , J O.. 1978 . Ph. D. Thesis, Atm. Sci. Paper No. 287, Colorado State University , 198 pp.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rotunno , R. and Ferretti , R. 2001 . Mechanisms of intense alpine rainfall . J. Atmos. Sci . 58 , 1732 – 1749 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Sanberg , J. A. M. and Oerlemans , J. 1983 . Modeling of Pleistocene European ice sheets: the effect of upslope precipitation . Geologie en Mijnbouw 62 , 267 – 273 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Sheppard , P. A. 1956 . Airflow over mountains . Q. J. R. MeteoroL Soc . 82 , 528 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Sinclair , M. R. 1994 . A diagnostic model for estimating orographic precipitation . J. AppL MeteoroL 33 , 1163 – 1175 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Smith , R. B. 1979 . The influence of mountains on the atmosphere . Adv. Geophys . 21 , 87 – 230 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Smith , R. B. 1989 . Mountain-induced stagnation points in hydrostatic flow . Tellus 41A , 270 – 274 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Smith , R. B. and Lin , Y. L. 1982 . The addition of heat to a stratified air stream with application to the dynamics of orographic rain . Q. J. R. MeteoroL Soc . 108 , 353 – 379 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Smith , R. B. and Gronhs , S. 1993 . Stagnation points and bifurcation in 3-D mountain airflow . Tellus 45A , 28 – 43 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Smolarkiewicz , P. K. and Rotunno , R. 1989 . Low Froude number flow past three dimensional obstacles. Part I: B aroclinically generated lee vortices . J. Atmos. Sci . 46 , 1154 – 1164 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Smolarkiewicz , P. K. and Rotunno , R. 1990 . Low Froude number flow past three-dimensional obstacles. Part II: Up-wind flow reversal zone . J. Atmos. Sci . 47 , 1498 – 1511 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Xue , M. , Droegemeier , K. K. , Wong , V , Shapiro , A. and Brewster , K. 1995. ARPS Version 4.0 User’s Guide. Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms , 380 pp .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article