On the influence of the freshwater supply on the Baltic Sea mean salinity

Johan Rodhe; Peter Winsor

doi:10.3402/tellusa.v54i2.12134

On the influence of the freshwater supply on the Baltic Sea mean salinity

Tellus

Volume 54 (2002): Issue 2

By: Johan Rodhe and Peter Winsor

Open Access

|Jan 2002

Bergström , S. and Carlsson , B. 1994 . River runoff to the Baltic Sea: 1950-1990 . Ambio 23 , 280 – 287 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Graham , P. 1999 . Modelling runoff to the Baltic Sea . Ambio 27 , 328 – 334 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gustafsson , B. G. 1997 . Interaction between Baltic Sea and North Sea . Deutsche Hydrografische Zeitschrift 49 , 165 – 183 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gustafsson , B. G. 2000 . Time-dependent modelling of the Baltic entrance area. 2. Water and salt exchange of the baltic sea . Estuaries 17 , 253 – 266 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Knudsen , M. 1900 . Ein hydrographisher Lehrsats. Ann. Hydr. usw . 28 , 316 – 320 ( in German ).
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Omstedt , A 1987 . Water cooling in the entrance area of the Baltic Sea . Tellus 39A , 254 – 265 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Omstedt , A. 1990 . Modelling the Baltic Sea as thirteen sub-basins with vertical resolution . Tellus 42A , 286 – 301 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Omstedt , A. , Gustafsson , B. , Rodhe , J. and Walin , G. 2000 . Use of the Baltic Sea modelling to investigate the water and heat cycles in GCM and regional models . Clim. Res . 15 , 95 – 108 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rodhe , J. 1998 . The Baltic and the North Seas: a process-oriented review of the physical oceanography. In: The sea , Vol. 11 (eds. A. R. Robinson and K. Brink ), Wiley , New York , 699 - 732 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rutgersson , A. and Omstedt , A. 2000 . Closing the water and heat cycles of the Baltic Sea . Meteorologische Zeitschrift 9 , 57 – 64 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Stigebrandt , A. 1980 . Barotropic and baroclinic response of a semienclosed basin to barotropic forcing from the sea. In: Fjord oceanography (eds. H. J. Freeland , D. M. Farmer and C. D. Levings ), Plenum, New York , 151 - 164 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Stigebrandt , A. 1983 . A model for the exchange of water and salt between the Baltic and the Skagerrak . J. Phys. Oceanogr . 13 , 411 – 427 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Stigebrandt , A. 1987 . A model for the vertical circulation of the Baltic deep water . J. Phys. Oceanogr . 17 , 1772 – 1785 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Stigebrandt , A. 2001 . Physical oceanography of the Baltic Sea. In: A systems analysis of the Baltic Sea (eds. F. Wulff , L. Rahm and P. Larsson ), Springer Verlag , 19 - 74 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Welander , P. 1974 . Two-layer exchange in an estuary basin, with special reference to the Baltic Sea . J. Phys. Oceanogr . 4 , 542 – 556 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Winsor , P. , Rodhe , J. and Omstedt , A. 2001 . An analyses of 100 years of hydrographic data with focus on the freshwater budget . Clim. Res . 18 , 5 – 15 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wulff , F. , Stigebrandt , A. and Rahm , L. 1990 . Nutrient dynamics of the Baltic Sea . Ambio 19 , 126 – 133 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wulff , F. and Stigebrandt , A. 1989 . A time-dependent budget model for nutrients in the Baltic Sea . Global Biogeochem. Cycles 3 , 113 – 127 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article