Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Alpine precipitation in a tripled CO2-climate Cover

Alpine precipitation in a tripled CO2-climate

Open Access
|Jan 1999

References

  1. Anderson , T.W . 1984 . An introduction to multivariate statistical analysis . Wiley series in Probability and Mathematical Statistics, 675 pp.
  2. Bardossy , A. and E. J. Plate , 1992 . Space-time model for daily rainfall using atmospheric circulation patterns . Water Resources Res . 28 , 1247 1259 .
  3. Barnett , T. and R. Preisendorfer , 1987 . Origins and levels of monthly and seasonal forecasts skill for United States surface air temperatures determined by canonical correlation analysis. Mon. Wea. Re v . 115 , 1825 1850 .
  4. Boer , G. J. , K. Arpe , M. Blackburn , M. Deque , W. L. Gates , T. L. Hart , H. Le Treut , E. Roeckner , D. A. Sheinin , I. Simmonds , R. N. B. Smith , T. Tokioka , R. T. Wetherald and D. Williamson , 1992 . Some results from an intercomparison of the climates simulated by 14 atmospheric general circulation models . J. Geophys. Res . 97 , 12771 12786 .
  5. Bretherton , C. S. , C. Smith and J. M. Wallace , 1992 . An intercomparison of methods for finding coupled patterns in climate data . J. Clim . 5 , 541 560 .
  6. Burkhardt , U . 1995 . Validation of the small-scale performance of a climate model . Clim. Dyn . 11 , 299 305 .
  7. Cubasch , U. , K. Hasselmann , H. Hock , E. Maier-Reimer , U. Mikolajewicz , B. D. Santer and R. Sausen , 1992 . Time-dependent greenhouse warming computations with a coupled ocean-atmosphere model . Clim. Dyn . 8 , 55 69 .
  8. Cubasch , U. , H. Von Storch , J. Waszkewitz and E. Zorita , 1996 . Estimates of climate change in Southern Europe derived from dynamical climate model output . Clim. Res . 7 , 129 149 .
  9. DKRZ , Modellbetreuungsgruppe , 1994 . The ECHAM3 atmospheric general circulation model . DKRZ, Technical Report 6 , 182pp .
  10. Egger , J . 1995 . Regional statistical-dynamical climate modelling . Tests. Beitr. Phys. Atmosph . 68 , 281 289 .
  11. Frey-Buness , A. , D. Heimann and R. Sausen , 1995 . A statistical-dynamical downscaling procedure for global climate simulations . Theor. Appl. Climatol . 50 , 117 131 .
  12. Giorgi , F . 1990 . Simulation of regional climate using a limited area model nested in a general circulation model . J. Clim . 3 , 941 963 .
  13. Giorgi , F. , M. R. Marinucci and G. Visconti , 1990 . Use of a limited-area model nested in a general circulation model for regional climate simulation over Europe . J. Geophys. Res . 95 , 18413 18431 .
  14. Giorgi , F. and L. O. Mearns , 1991 . Approaches to the simulation of regional climate change. a review . Rev. Geophys . 29 , 2 , 191 216 .
  15. Giorgi , F. , M. R. Marinucci and G. Visconti , 1992 . A 2 x CO2 climate change scenario over Europe generated using a limited area model nested in a general circulation model 2. climate change scenario . J. Geophys. Res . 97 , 10011 10028 .
  16. Grotch , S. L. and M. C. MacCracken , 1991 . The use of general circulation models to predict regional climatic change. J. Climate , 4 , 286 303 .
  17. Gyalistras , D. , H. Von Storch , A. Fischlin and M. Beniston , 1994 . Linking GCM-simulated climatic changes to ecosystem models: case studies of statistical down-scaling in the Alps . Clim. Res . 4 , 167 189 .
  18. Hewitson , B. C. and Crane , 1992. Regional Climates in the GISS global circulation model: synoptic-scale circulation. J. Climate 5 , 1002-101 1 .
  19. Hughes , J. P. , D. P. Lettenmaier and P. Guttorp , 1993 . A stochastic approach for assessing the effect of changes in synoptic circulation patterns on gauge precipitation . Water Resour. Res . 29 , 3303 3315 .
  20. Jones , R. G. , J. M. Murphy , M. Noguer and A. B. Keen , 1997 . Simulation of climate change over Europe using a nested regional-climate model. II. Comparison of driving and regional model responses to a doubling of carbon dioxide . Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc . 123 , 265 292 .
  21. Karl , T. R. , W.-C. Wang , M. E. Schlesinger , R. W. Knight and D. Protman , 1990 . A method of relating general circulation model simulated climate to the observed local climate. Part I. Seasonal statistics . J. Clim . 3 , 1053 1079 .
  22. Kim , J.-W. , J.-T. Chang , N. L. Baker , D. S. Wilks and W. L. Gates , 1984 . The statistical problem of climate inversion: determination of the relationship between local and large-scale climate. Mon. Weather Re v . 112 , 2069 2077 .
  23. Machenhauer , B. , M. Windelband , M. Botzet , R. G. Jones and M. Deque , 1996 . Validation of present-day regional climate simulations over Europe. Nested LAM and variable resolution global model simulations with observed or mixed layer ocean boundary conditions . MPI fur Meteorologie, Report 191 , 60 pp .
  24. Marinucci , M. R. and F. Giorgi , 1992 . A 2 x CO2 climate change scenario over Europe generated using a limited area model nested in a general circulation model 1. present-day seasonal climate simulation . J. Geophys. Res . 97 , 9989 10009 .
  25. Marinucci , M. R. , F. Giorgi , M. Beniston , M. Wild , P. Tschuck , A. Ohmura and A. Bernasconi , 1994 . High resolution simulations of January and July climate over the western Alpine region with a nested regional model system . Theor. Appl. Climatol . 51 , 119 138 .
  26. McGinnis , D.L . 1997 . Estimating Climate-Change Impacts on Colorado Plateau Snowpack Using Downscaling Methods . Professional Geographer 49 , 117 125 .
  27. Metz , W . 1991 . Optimal relationship of large-scale flow patterns and the barotropic feedback due to high-frequency eddies. J. Atmos. Sc i . 48 , 1141 1159 .
  28. Perlwitz , J. , U. Cubasch and E. Roeckner , 1992 . Simulation of greenhouse warming in the ECHAM-3 model using the time-slice method. In G.J. Boer (ed.). Research activities in atmospheric and oceanic modelling, CASIJSC Working Group on Numerical Experimentation, Report No. 19, WMOITD-No. 592 , 9.3 9.4.
  29. Ponater , M. , W. König , R. Sausen and F. Sielmann , 1994 . Circulation regime fluctuations and their effect on intraseasonal variability in the ECHAM climate model . Tellus 46A , 265 285 .
  30. Preisendorfer , R. W . 1988 . Principle Component Analysis in Meteorology and Oceanography , Developments in Atmospheric Science 17, Elsevier , 425 pp .
  31. Roeckner , E. , K. Arpe , L. Bengtsson , S. Brinkop , L. Dfimenil , M. Esch , E. Kirk , F. Lunkeit , M. Ponater , B. Rockel , R. Sausen , U. Schlese , S. Schubert and M. Windelband , 1992 . Simulation of the present-day climate with the ECHAM model, impact of model physics and resolution . MPI far Meteorologie, Report 93 , 172pp .
  32. Saunders , I. R. and J. M. Byrne , 1996 . Generating regional precipitation from observed and GCM sun-optic-scale pressure fields, southern Alberta, Canada . Clim. Res . 6 , 237 249 .
  33. Von Storch , H. , E. Zorita and U. Cubasch , 1993 . Down-scaling of global climate change estimates to regional scales: an application to Iberian rainfall in wintertime.J . Climate 6 , 1161 1171 .
  34. Wilks , D. S . 1995 . Statistical methods in the atmospheric sciences . Academic Press, 464 pp.
Language: English
Page range: 289 - 303
Submitted on: Oct 6, 1997
Accepted on: Jun 29, 1998
Published on: Jan 1, 1999
Published by: Stockholm University Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 1999 Ulrike Burkhardt, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.