Rôle of the oceanic heat transport in climate dynamics A sensitivity study with an atmospheric general circulation model

Emmanuelle Cohen-Solal; Hervé Le Treut

doi:10.3402/tellusa.v49i3.14676

Rôle of the oceanic heat transport in climate dynamics A sensitivity study with an atmospheric general circulation model

Tellus

Volume 49 (1997): Issue 3

By: Emmanuelle Cohen-Solal and Hervé Le Treut

Open Access

|Jan 1997

Adamec , D. , Elsberry , R. , Garwood , R. J. and Haney , R . 1981 . An embedded mixed-layer-ocean circulation model . Dynam. Atm. Oceans 6 , 69 – 96 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bennett , A . 1978 . Poleward heat fluxes in southern hemisphere oceans . J. Phys. Ocean . 8 , 785 – 798 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Boer , G . 1986 . A comparison of mass and energy budgets from two FGGE datasets and a GCM. Mon. Wea. Re v . 114 , 885 – 902 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Boer , G. J . 1993 . Climate change and the regulation of the surface moisture and energy budgets . Clim. Dyn . 8 , 225 – 239 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bryden , H. and Hall , M . 1980 . Heat transport by currents across 25°N latitude in the Atlantic Ocean . Science 207 , 884 – 886 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bryden , H. L. , Roemmich , D. H. and Church , J. A . 1991 . Ocean heat transport accross 24°N latitude in the Pacific . Deep-Sea Res . 38 , 297 – 324 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Carissimo , B. , Oort , A. and Yonder Haar , T . 1985 . Estimating the meridional energy transports in the atmosphere and ocean . J. Phys. Ocean . 15 , 82 – 91 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Chalita , S. and Le Treut , H . 1994 . The albedo of temperate and boreal forest and the northern hemisphere climate: A sensitivity experiment . Clim. Dyn . 10 , 231 – 240 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cohen-Solal , E. and Le Treut , H . 1996 . Impact of ocean optical properties on seasonal SST: results with a surface ocean model coupled to the LMD AGCM , Clim. Dyn . 12 , 417 – 433 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Covey , C . 1988 . Atmospheric and oceanic heat transport: simulations versus observations . Climatic Change 13 , 149 – 159 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Covey , C. and Thompson , S. L . 1989 . Testing the effects of ocean heat transport on climate . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 75 , 331 – 341 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ducoudré , N. , Laval , K. and Perrier , A . 1993 . SECHIBA, a new set of parameterizations of the hydrologic exchanges at the land-atmosphere interface within the LMD atmospheric general circulation model . J. Climate 6 , 248 – 273 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Esbensen , S. and Kushnir , V . 1981 . The heat budget of the global ocean: an atlas based on estimates from surface marine observations . Technical report 29 , Climatic Research Institute , Oregon State University .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Fouquart , Y. and Bonnel , B . 1980 . Computations of solar heating of the earth’s atmosphere: A new parametrisation . Beiträge zur Physik der Atmosphäre 53 , 35 – 62 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Fowler , L. D. and Randall , D. A . 1995 . Liquid and ice cloud microphysics in the CSU general circulation model. Part 2: Impact on cloudiness, the Earth radiation budget, and the general circulation of the atmosphere . J. Climate 9 , 530 – 560 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Fu , L.-L . 1981 . The general circulation and meridional heat transport of the subtropical South Atlantic determined by inverse methods . J. Phys. Ocean . 11 , 1171 – 1193 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Fu , L ., 1986 . Mass, heat and freshwater fluxes in the South Indian ocean . J. Phys. Ocean . 16 , 1683 – 1962 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Garwood , R. J . 1977 . An oceanic mixed layer capable of simulating cyclic states . J. Phys. Ocean . 7 , 455 – 468 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gaspar , P . 1988 . Modeling the seasonal cycle of the upper ocean . J. Phys. Ocean . 18 , 161 – 180 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gaspar , P. and Planton , S . 1990 . Modelling the annual cycle of the ocean-atmosphere coupled system . Annales Geophysicae 8 , 1 – 10 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gleckler , P. J . 1993 . The partitioning of meridional energy transport between the ocean and the atmosphere . Ph.D. thesis, University of California , Davis .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gleckler P. J. , Randall , D. A. , Boer , G. , Colman R. , Dix , M. , Galin , V. , Helfand , M. , Kiehl , J. , Kitoh , A. , Lau, W. Liang , X.-Z. , Lykossov , V. , McAvaney , B. , Miyakoda , K. , Planton S. , and Stern , W. 1995 . Cloud-radiative effects on implied oceanic energy transports as simulated by atmopheric general circulation models. Geoph. Research Letters 22 , 791 – 794.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gleckler , P. J. and Weare , B. C . 1996 . Uncertainties in global ocean surface heat flux dimatologies derived from ship observations, J . Clim ., in press .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hastenrath , S . 1980 . Heat budget of tropical ocean and atmosphere . J. Phys. Ocean . 10 , 159 – 170 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hastenrath , S . 1982 . On meridional heat transports in the world ocean . J. Phys. Ocean . 12 , 922 – 927 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hibler III , W . 1979 . A dynamic thermodynamic sea ice model . J. Phys. Ocean . 9 , 815 – 846 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Holopainen , E. and Fortelius , C . 1986 . Accuracy of estimates of atmospheric large-scale energy flux divergence. Mon. Weath. Re v . 114 , 1910 – 1921 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hsiung , J . 1985 . Estimates of global oceanic meridional heat transport . J. Phys. Ocean . 15 , 1405 – 1413 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Laval , K. , Sadourny , R. and Serafini , Y . 1981 . Land surface processes in a simplified global circulation model . Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn . 17 , 129 – 150 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Le Treut , H. and Li , Z. X . 1991 . Sensitivity of an atmospheric general circulation model to prescribed SST changes: Feedback effect associated with the simulation of cloud optical properties . Clim. Dyn . 5 , 175 – 187 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Le Treut , H. , Li , Z. X. and Forichon , M . 1994 . Sensitivity of the LMD general circulation model to greenhouse forcing: Analysis of the atmospheric feedback effects . J. Climate 7 , 1827 – 1841 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Levitus , S . 1982 . Climatological atlas of the world ocean. Professional paper 13. NOAA; U. S. Department of Commerce, Washington.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Lubin , D . 1994 . The role of the tropical super greenhouse effect in heating the ocean surface . Science 265 , 224 – 227 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Masuda , K . 1988 . Meridional heat transport by the atmosphere and the ocean . Tellus 40A , 285 – 302 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Meehl , G. A . 1995 . Climate sensitivity and cloud-albedo feedback in a global coupled ocean-atmosphere GCM. In: Climate sensitivity to radiative perturbations: physical mechanisms and their validation (ed. H. Le Trent ). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York , 231 - 237 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Meehl , G. A. and Washington , W. M . 1995 . Cloud albedo feedback and the super greenhouse effect in a global coupled GCM . Clim. Dyn . 11 , 399 – 411 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Michaud , R. and Derome , J . 1991 . On the mean meridional transport of energy in the atmosphere and oceans as derived from six years of ECMWF analyses . Tellus 43A , 1 – 14 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Michaud , R. and Lin , C . 1992 . Monthly summaries of merchant ship surface marine observations and implications for climate variability studies . Clim. Dyn . 7 , 45 – 55 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Morcrette , J.-J . 1991 . Radiation and cloud radiative properties in the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts forecasting system . J. Geoph. Res . 96 , 9121 – 9132 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Oort , A. and Peixoto , J . 1983 . Global angular momentum and energy balance requirements from observations . Adv. Geophys . 25 , 355 – 490 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Paulson , C. and Simpson , J . 1977 . Irradiance measurements in the upper ocean . J. Phys. Ocean . 7 , 952 – 956 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ramanathan , V. and Collins , W . 1991 . Thermodynamic regulation of ocean warming by cirrus clouds deduced from the 1987 El Niño . Nature 351 , 27 – 32 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Randall , D. A. , Fowler , L. D. and Dazlich , D. A . 1995 . Cloud effects on the ocean surface energy budget. In: Climate sensitivity to radiative perturbations: physical mechanisms and their validation (ed. H. Le Treut ). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York , 239 - 249 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Roemmich , D . 1987 . Estimation of meridional heat flux in the North Atlantic by inverse methods . J. Phys. Ocean . 10 , 1972 – 1983 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Sadourny , R. and Laval , K . 1984 . January and July performance of the LMD general circulation model . In: New perspectives in climate modelling (ed. A. Berger and C. Nicolis ). Elsevier , Amsterdam , 173 – 197 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Savijärvi , H . 1988 . Global energy and moisture budgets from radiowind data. Mon. Wea. Re v . 116 , 417 – 430 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Schutz , C. and Gates , W. L . 1972 . Supplemental global climatic data: January . Technical report R-915/1-ARPA, The Rand Corporation , Santa Monica , California USA .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Semtner , A . 1976 . A model for the thermodynamic growth of sea ice in numerical investigations of climate . J. Phys. Ocean . 6 , 379 – 389 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Slingo , A. and Slingo , J. M . 1988 . The response of a general circulation model to cloud longwave radiative forcing. I: Introduction and initial experiments . Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc . 114 , 1027 – 1062 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Trenberth , K. E. and Solomon , A . 1994 . The global heat balance: heat transports in the atmosphere and ocean . Clim. Dyn . 10 , 107 – 134 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Washington , W. M. and Meehl , G. A . 1993 . Greenhouse sensitivity experiments with penetrative cumulus convection and tropical cirrus albedo effects . Clim. Dyn . 8 , 211 – 223 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wunsch , C. and Hu , D . 1983 . Mass, heat, salt and nutrient fluxes in the South Pacific ocean . J. Phys. Ocean . 13 , 725 – 754 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article

Authors

Metrics

Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v49i3.14676 | Journal eISSN: 3035-9554

Journal RSS Feed

Language: English

Page range: 371 - 387

Submitted on: Jul 21, 1995

Accepted on: Nov 1, 1996

Published on: Jan 1, 1997

Published by: Stockholm University Press

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 1997 Emmanuelle Cohen-Solal, Hervé Le Treut, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 49 (1997): Issue 3