On the Vertical Distribution of Wind and Temperature over Indo-Pakistan along the Meridian 76° E in Winter

A mean cross-section over Indo-Pakistan along the meridian 76° E for January and February 1946 has been computed. Three jet stream centers are obtained along this meridian: one in Siberia, one just south of the plateau, and one in the tropics. The effect of the plateau gives rise to Siberian and Himalayan jets. A numerical comparison of the computed mean profile along 76° E with that of HESS (1948) along 80° W over North America is presented.

Computed wind velocity, wind shear and absolute vorticity patterns are discussed, particularly with regard to strong anticyclonic shear and very low absolute vorticity found on the south side of the Himalayan jet. The spatial distributions of the isentropic field, the gravitational stability field, the baroclinity field and the rainfall during the winter months are discussed in regard to the sense of the meridional circulation around the Himalayan and the Equatorial jets.