Integration of Four-Level Prognostic Equations over the Hemisphere

The three-dimensional quasi-nondivergent prognostic equation derived previously by Kuo is integrated over the hemisphere, the vertical distribution being represented by four levels. The effects of the mean radiational heating, friction and heating from the ground, and that of the turbulent diffusion have been included in this investigation. The initial disturbance considered is a random combination of ten wave components in x and seven wave components in y. The result of the integration is that at the end of the fourth day at 850 mb, three closed lows have been formed, all around latitude 60°, while the pole is occupied by a high. These lows have the dimensions of the semi-permanent lows in winter.