
Gray Racialization of White Immigrants: The Polish Worker in Norway
By: Mette Andersson and Johan Fredrik Rye
References
- Alba, R. 2005. Bright vs. blurred boundaries: Second-generation assimilation and exclusion in France, Germany, and the United States. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 28(1): 20–49. DOI: 10.1080/0141987042000280003
- Alexander, C. 2009.
Beyond Black . In: Back, L and Solomos, J (eds.), Theories of Race and Racism. A Reader. 209–225. 2nd ed. London: Routledge. DOI: 10.4324/9781003060802-17 - Amiraux, V and Simon, P. 2006. There are no minorities here. Cultures of scholarship and public debate on immigrants and integration in France. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 47(3–4): 191–215. DOI: 10.1177/0020715206066164
- Andersson, M. 2005. Urban Multi-Culture in Norway.
Identity Formation among Immigrant Youth . Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press. - Benson, M and O’Reilly, K. 2009. Lifestyle migration. Expectations, aspirations and experiences. London: Routledge.
- Bjertnæs, MK. 2001. Innvandring og innvandrere 2000. Oslo: Statistisk Sentralbyrå.
- Brekke, JP, Fladmoe, A and Wollebæk, D. 2020. Holdninger til innvandring, integrering og mangfold i Norge. Integreringsbarometeret 2020. Oslo: Institutt for Samfunnsforskning, Rapport 2020:8.
- Brubaker, R. 2009. Ethnicity, race and nationalism. Annual Review of Sociology, 35: 21–42. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-soc-070308-115916
- Dyrlid, LM. 2017.
Transnasjonalisme mellom stolthet og stigma. Polske migranters narrativer om arbeid, tilhørighet og posisjonering . Dissertation (PhD), Department of Anthropology, NTNU. - Dyrlid, LM. 2018. ‘Polakken kan’. Narrativer om polske migranters arbeid og tilhørighet i Norge. Norsk antropologisk tidsskrift, 29(3–4): 124–145. DOI: 10.18261/issn.1504-2898-2018-03-04-03
- Frankenberg, R. 2009.
White Women, Race Matters . In: Back, L and Solomos, J (eds.), Theories of Race and Racism, 519–533. A Reader. 2nd ed. London: Routledge. DOI: 10.4324/9781003060802-38 - Fox, JE, Moroşanu, L and Szilassy, E. 2012. The racialization of the new European migration to the UK. Sociology, 46(4): 680–695. DOI: 10.1177/0038038511425558
- Friberg, JH. 2012a. The ‘Guest-Worker Syndrome’ Revisited? Migration and employment among Polish workers in Oslo. Nordic Journal of Migration Research, 2(4): 316–324. DOI: 10.2478/v10202-012-0002-z
- Friberg, JH. 2012b. Culture at work: Polish migrants in the ethnic division of labour on Norwegian construction sites. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 35(11): 1914–1933. DOI: 10.1080/01419870.2011.605456
- Friberg, JH and Golden, A. 2014. Norges største innvandrergruppe: Historien om migrasjon fra Polen til Norge og om andrespråkskorpuset ASK. NOA – Norsk som andrespråk, 30(2): 11–23.
- Friberg, JH and Midtbøen, AH. 2018. Ethnicity as skill: Immigrant employment hierarchies in Norwegian low-wage labour markets. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 44(9): 1463–1478. DOI: 10.1080/1369183X.2017.1388160
- Friberg, JH and Midtbøen, AH. 2019. The making of immigrant niches in an affluent welfare state. International Migration Review, 53(2): 322–345. DOI: 10.1177/0197918318765168
- Führer, L. 2021. The social meaning of skin colour. Dissertation (PhD), Department of Sociology and Human Geography, University of Oslo.
- Garner, S. 2017. Surfing the third wave of whiteness studies: Reflections on Twine and Gallagher. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 40(9): 1582–1597. DOI: 10.1080/01419870.2017.1300301
- Gilroy, P. 1987. There aren’t no black in the Union Jack. London: Routledge.
- Guðjónsdóttir, G and Loftsdóttir, K. 2017. Being a desirable migrant: Perception and racialisation of Icelandic migrants in Norway. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 43(5): 791–808. DOI: 10.1080/1369183X.2016.1199268
- Gullestad, M. 2002.
Det norske sett med nye øyne. Kritisk analyse av norsk innvandringsdebatt . Oslo: Universitetsforlaget. - Hall, S. 2017. The fateful triangle. Race, ethnicity, nation. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. DOI: 10.4159/9780674982260
- Hervik, P. (ed.) 2019. Racialization, racism, and anti-racism in the Nordic countries. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-74630-2
- Holmes, S. 2013. Fresh fruit, broken bodies: Migrant farmworkers in the United States. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
- Hübinette, T and Lundström, C. 2014. Three phases of hegemonic whiteness: Understanding racial temporalities in Sweden. Social Identities, 20(6): 423–437. DOI: 10.1080/13504630.2015.1004827
- Hughey, MW and Byrd, WC. 2013. The souls of white folk beyond formation and structure: Bound to identity. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 36(6): 974–981. DOI: 10.1080/01419870.2013.753153
- Kalleberg, AL. 2018. Precarious lives: Job insecurity and well-being in rich democracies. Cambridge: Polity Press.
- Keskinen, S and Andreassen, R. 2017. Developing theoretical perspectives on racialization and migration. Nordic Journal of Migration Research, 7(2): 64–69. DOI: 10.1515/njmr-2017-0018
- Knowles, C. 2003. Race and social analysis. London: Sage.
- Kushner, T. 2008.
Racialization and ‘White European’ Immigration to Britain . In: Murji, K and Solomos, J (eds.), Racialization. Studies in Theory and Practice, 207–226. Oxford: Oxford University Press. - Lamont, M. 2000. The dignity of working men. Morality and the boundaries of race, class and immigration. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
- Lamont, M and Molnár, V. 2002. The study of boundaries in the social sciences. Annual Review of Sociology, 28: 167–195. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.soc.28.110601.141107
- Leirvik, MS, Hernes, V, Liodden, TM and Tronstad, KR. 2021. Rasisme, diskriminering og tilhørighet blant utenlandsadopterte i Norge. Oslo: NIBR-Rapport 2021:15.
- Lulle, A and King, R. 2016. Ageing, gender, and labour migration. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. DOI: 10.1057/978-1-137-55615-8
- Lundström, C and Teitelbaum, BR. 2017. Nordic whiteness: An introduction. Scandinavian Studies, 89(2): 151–158. DOI: 10.5406/scanstud.89.2.0151
- MacKenzie, R and Forde, C. 2009. The rhetoric of the ‘good worker’ versus the realities of employers’ use and the experiences of migrant workers. Work, Employment and Society, 23(1): 142–59. DOI: 10.1177/0950017008099783
- Meer, N. 2019.
Whiteness and Racialization . In: Hervik, P (ed.), Racialization, Racism, and Anti-racism in the Nordic Countries, 283–294. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-74630-2_12 - Miles, R. 2009.
Apropos the Idea of ‘Race’… Again . In: Back, L and Solomos, J (eds.), Theories of Race and Racism. A Reader, 125–143. 2nd ed. London: Routledge. - Modood, T. 1992.
British Asian Muslims and the Rushdie affair . In: Donald, J and Rattansi, A (eds.), ‘Race’, Culture and Difference, 260–277. London: Sage. - Mulinari, D and Neergaard, A. 2017. Theorizing racism. Exploring the Swedish racial regime. Nordic Journal of Migration Research, 7(2): 88–96. DOI: 10.1515/njmr-2017-0016
- Murji, K and Solomos, J. 2008.
Racialisation in Theory and Practice . In: Murji, K and Solomos, J (eds.), Racialization. Studies in Theory and Practice, 1–28. Oxford: Oxford University Press. - Nayak, A. 2008.
White Lives . In: Murji, K and Solomos, J (eds.), Racialization. Studies in Theory and Practice, 141–162. Oxford: Oxford University Press. - Omi, M and Winant, H. 2015. Racial formation in the United States. New York: Routledge. DOI: 10.4324/9780203076804
- Orupabu, J and Nadim, M. 2019. Men doing women’s dirty work: Desegregation, immigrants and employer preferences in the cleaning industry in Norway. Gender, Work & Organization, 27(3): 347–361. DOI: 10.1111/gwao.12378
- Przybyszewska, A. 2021. Downward professional mobility among poles working and living in Norway. Nordic Journal of Migration Research, 11(1): 35–49. DOI: 10.33134/njmr.377
- Przybyszewska, A. 2020. Habitus mismatch and suffering experienced by Polish migrants working below their qualification level in Norway. Central and Eastern European Migration Review, 9(2): 71–88. DOI: 10.17467/ceemr.2020.13
- Roediger, DR. 2009.
All about Eve, Critical White Studies, and Getting Over Whiteness . In: Back, L. and Solomos, J (eds.), Theories of Race and Racism. A Reader, 595–615. 2nd ed. London: Routledge. DOI: 10.4324/9781003060802-43 - Rye, JF. 2012 “Jeg tror jeg er tilfreds”: Østeuropeiske arbeidsinnvandreres vurderinger av norske lønns- og arbeidsforhold. Søkelys på arbeidslivet, 29(1/2): 56–75. DOI: 10.18261/ISSN1504-7989-2012-01-02-04
- Rye, JF. 2016. Transnasjonale hverdagsliv: Østeuropeisk innvandrerungdom i distrikts-Norge. Tidsskrift for ungdomsforskning, 16: 3–29.
- Rye, JF. 2017. Transnational labour and precarious work: The informalisation and reformalisation of industrial relations in Norway’s agricultural industry. Population, space and place, 23(7):
e2042 . DOI: 10.1002/psp.2042 - Rye, JF. 2019. Transnational spaces of class: International migrants’ multilocal, inconsistent and instable class positions. Current sociology, 67: 27–46. DOI: 10.1177/0011392118793676
- Rye, JF. 2021
De transnasjonale arbeiderne . In: Ljunggren, J and Hansen, MN (eds), Arbeiderklassem, pp. 145–162. Oslo: Cappelen. - Rye, JF and Andrzejewska, J. 2010. The structural disempowerment of Eastern European migrant farm workers in Norwegian agriculture. Journal of Rural Studies, 26 (1): 41-51. DOI: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2009.06.003
- Sáenz, R and Douglas, KM. 2015. A call for the racialization of immigration studies: On the transition of ethnic immigrants to racialized immigrants. Sociology of Race and Ethnicity, 1(1): 166–180. DOI: 10.1177/2332649214559287
- Scott, S and Rye, JF. 2021 Praised, prized, yet penalised: A critical examination of low-wage hiring queues in the global strawberry industry. Journal of Rural Studies, 88: 473–481. DOI: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2021.04.014
- Slettebak, MH and Rye, JF. 2022. Social (Im)mobility in Low-skilled and Low-wage Immigrant Niches. Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies (forthcoming)
- Stachowski, J. 2021.
To be or to belong? Processes of (g)localised integration among Polish migrants in rural Norway . Dissertation (PhD), Department of Sociology and Political Science, NTNU, Trondheim. - Standing, G. 2011. The precariat. London: Bloomsbury Academic. DOI: 10.5040/9781849664554
- Thomas, WI and Znaniecki, F. 1984 [1918–1920]. The Polish peasant in Europe and in America. (Edited and abridged by Eli Zaretsky). Chicago: University of Illinois Press. DOI: 10.2307/25140618
- Tolgenbakk, I. 2014. Partysvensker; GO HARD! En narratologisk studie av unge svenske arbeidsmigranters nærvær i Oslo. Dissertation (PhD), Institutt for kulturstudier og orientalske språk, University of Oslo, Oslo.
- Trevena, P. 2013.
Why Do Highly Educated Migrants Go for Low-Skilled Jobs? A Case Study of Polish Graduates Working in London . In: Glorius, B, Grabowska- Iusinska, I and Kuvik, A (eds.). Mobility in Transition. Migration Patterns after EU Enlargement, 169–190. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. DOI: 10.1017/9789048515493.009 - van Heuckelom, K. 2013. Londoners and outlanders: Polish labour migration through the European lens. The Slavonic and East European Review, 91(2): 210–234. DOI: 10.5699/slaveasteurorev2.91.2.0210
- Waldinger, R. 1994. The making of an immigrant niche. International Migration Review, 28: 3–30. DOI: 10.1177/019791839402800101
- Waldinger, R and Lichter, MI. 2003. How the other half works: Immigration and the social organization of labor. California: University of California Press.
- Ware, V and Back, L. 2002. Out of whiteness. Color, politics, and culture. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
- Wieviorka, M. 1999.
Two Patterns of Racism . In: Bulmer, M and Solomos, J (eds.), Racism. Oxford Readers, 190–199. (The excerpt in the Reader is from Wieviorka’s book The Arena of Racism, Sage, 1995). Oxford: Oxford University Press. - Wimmer, A. 2008. The making and unmaking of ethnic boundaries: A multilevel process theory. American Journal of Sociology, 113(4): 970–2028. DOI: 10.1086/522803
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33134/njmr.475 | Journal eISSN: 1799-649X
Language: English
Page range: 5 - 5
Submitted on: May 18, 2021
Accepted on: Mar 7, 2022
Published on: Jun 7, 2023
Published by: Helsinki University Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Keywords:
© 2023 Mette Andersson, Johan Fredrik Rye, published by Helsinki University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.