Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Comparative Analysis of Rhizosphere Bacteria of Phragmites australis and Suaeda salsa (L.) Pall. on Chenier Islands Cover

Comparative Analysis of Rhizosphere Bacteria of Phragmites australis and Suaeda salsa (L.) Pall. on Chenier Islands

Polish Journal of Microbiology
Volume 75 (2026): Issue 1 (March 2026)
By: Bo Zhou,  Junpeng Liu,  Linqi Li,  Jingyi Yu,  Xingguo Sun,  Jun Wang and  Shuai Shang  
Open Access
|Mar 2026

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1.

Overview Map of the Study Area in the Chenier Islands.

Fig. 2.

Bar chart of rhizosphere bacterial community composition for Phragmites australis and Suaeda salsa. a) Phylum-level bacterial composition; b) Genus-level bacterial composition; c) Family-level bacterial composition: The x-axis denotes sample names. The y-axis represents relative abundance (as a percentage). Colors correspond to distinct taxa, with stacked bars depicting the top 10 taxa by relative abundance at each taxonomic rank.

Fig. 3.

Core and unique bacterial ASVs and sequencing depth sufficiency between Phragmites australis and Suaeda salsa rhizospheres. a) Venn diagram showing the number of shared and unique ASVs between groups; b) Rarefaction curves of observed ASVs. The plateau of curves indicates adequate sequencing depth for microbial diversity analysis.

Fig. 4.

Alpha diversity of the bacterial microbiota in the rhizosphere of Phragmites australis and Suaeda salsa. Box plots show the (a) Simpson, (b) Shannon, (c) ACE, and (d) Chao1 indices. The center line represents the median, the box limits indicate the upper and lower quartiles, and the whiskers extend to 1.5× the interquartile range. Outliers are shown as points. Significant differences between groups (p < 0.05) are indicated with asterisks and exact p-values.

Fig. 5.

Beta diversity analysis of rhizosphere bacterial communities. a) Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) plot. Samples are colored by group, with ellipses showing 95% confidence intervals. Axes show the percent variation explained by each principal component; b) Boxplots comparing between-group and within-group distances.

Fig. 6

LEfSe Analysis Significant microbial differences between the two plants. a) LEfSe analysis phylogenetic tree. The concentric circles radiating from the innermost to the outermost represent taxonomic levels from phylum to species.; b) LDA Value Distribution Bar Chart The vertical axis represents classification units with significant differences between groups. The horizontal axis indicates the degree of difference among classification units, with longer bars signifying greater differences.

Fig. 7

PICRUSt2 Analysis of Phragmites australis and Suaeda salsa at Different Functional Levels. a) KEGG Level 2 functional hierarchy; b) KEGG Level 3 functional hierarchy. The x-axis represents the sample groups, while the y-axis shows the relative abundance (%) of metabolic pathways.

Fig. 8.

Differential abundance of predicted ecological functions in the rhizosphere bacterial communities of Phragmites australis and Suaeda salsa; x-axis, species; y-axis, relative abundance (%) of ecological functions.

Fig. 9.

Differential functional predictions between groups. a) PICRUSt2 and b) FAPROTAX analyses. Colors correspond to sample groups. For each function, the left panel displays relative abundance, the middle panel shows the abundance difference with 95% confidence intervals, and the right panel indicates the p-value.

Number of ASVs per sample and number of sequences_

Sample IDASVs_NumSeqs_Num
PA-1203148924
PA-2271452570
PA-3281648397
PA-4273951227
PA-5217249832
PA-6184453546
SS-1186960414
SS-2232557275
SS-3244357159
SS-4237258874
SS-5215158309
SS-6213258982
Total10063655509

Soil physical and chemical parameters_

Sample IDSample TypeEC (μs/cm)pH
PA-1PA7468.59
PA-2PA7458.28
PA-3PA7358.38
PA-4PA7298.27
PA-5PA7418.50
PA-6PA7328.36
SS-1SS6328.38
SS-2SS6318.32
SS-3SS6358.33
SS-4SS6378.36
SS-5SS6338.36
SS-6SS6418.33
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2026-007 | Journal eISSN: 2544-4646 | Journal ISSN: 1733-1331
Journal RSS Feed
Language: English
Page range: 55 - 74
Submitted on: Sep 8, 2025
|
Accepted on: Dec 29, 2025
|
Published on: Mar 31, 2026
Published by: Polish Society of Microbiologists
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
Phragmites australis,
Suaeda salsa (L.) Pall,
rhizosphere bacteria,
functional redundancy,
adaptation to saline stress
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Microbiology and virology

© 2026 Bo Zhou, Junpeng Liu, Linqi Li, Jingyi Yu, Xingguo Sun, Jun Wang, Shuai Shang, published by Polish Society of Microbiologists
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Previous articleVolume 75 (2026): Issue 1 (March 2026)Next article