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Age-Related Dynamics of Fecal Microbiota in the Captive Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) Cover

Age-Related Dynamics of Fecal Microbiota in the Captive Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)

Polish Journal of Microbiology
Volume 74 (2025): Issue 3 (September 2025)
By: LIU JUAN,  HAILI WU,  YAOHUA YUAN,  YINGDI ZHU,  KANGNING HUANG,  NINA YAN,  YI LOU,  YALAN ZHANG,  WEIYI ZHANG,  SHEN CHENG,  JIANMIN ZHAN,  SHUKE YE,  YUYAN YOU and  HONGJIE PAN  
Open Access
|Sep 2025

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1.

Gut Microbiotah Composition of Pan Troglodytes feces at different Ages.A) The rarefaction curve of the microbiota of all samples. Each curve representing a different sample. The curves E3, E5, E6, E7, E8, E9, and F1 indicate the juvenile group; the curves C1, C2, C3, C4, D1, D2, and D3 indicate the adolescent group; the curves A1, A2, A3, B2, B3, B5, and B6 indicate the adult group. The x axis showed qualitative sequence of random number; The y axis showed OTU number. B) Venn plots show the OTU distribution based Venn plots between juvenile (A) adolescent (B) and adult (C) groups. C) The microbial community composition of Pan Troglodytes at the level of phylum in groups A, B, and C. D) The ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroides in group A, B and C. E–F) The microbial community composition of Pan Troglodytes at the level of class E) and genus F) in group A B and C.
Gut Microbiotah Composition of Pan Troglodytes feces at different Ages.A) The rarefaction curve of the microbiota of all samples. Each curve representing a different sample. The curves E3, E5, E6, E7, E8, E9, and F1 indicate the juvenile group; the curves C1, C2, C3, C4, D1, D2, and D3 indicate the adolescent group; the curves A1, A2, A3, B2, B3, B5, and B6 indicate the adult group. The x axis showed qualitative sequence of random number; The y axis showed OTU number. B) Venn plots show the OTU distribution based Venn plots between juvenile (A) adolescent (B) and adult (C) groups. C) The microbial community composition of Pan Troglodytes at the level of phylum in groups A, B, and C. D) The ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroides in group A, B and C. E–F) The microbial community composition of Pan Troglodytes at the level of class E) and genus F) in group A B and C.

Fig. 2.

Diversity analysis of fecal microbiota of Pan Troglodytes in different ages.A–D) Box plot of the α-diversity index of Ace (A) Chao1 (B) Observed species (C) and Goods-covrage (D). E) The Non-Metric Multi-Dimensional Scaling (NMDS) illustrating that the microbial community differences between chimpanzees in groups A, B and C was statistically significant at the Stress level of 1 × 10−4.
Diversity analysis of fecal microbiota of Pan Troglodytes in different ages.A–D) Box plot of the α-diversity index of Ace (A) Chao1 (B) Observed species (C) and Goods-covrage (D). E) The Non-Metric Multi-Dimensional Scaling (NMDS) illustrating that the microbial community differences between chimpanzees in groups A, B and C was statistically significant at the Stress level of 1 × 10−4.

Fig. 3.

The keystone taxa of Pan Troglodytes feces in different ages.A) Histogram of the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) scores computed for features differentially abundant. Red green and blue bars represented bacterial conmmunities of juvenile adolescent and adult groups respectively. The criteria was set as p < 0.05, |log10 LDA score| ≥ 3.0. B) The cladogram analysis. Colors indicated represent the core bacterial populations in respective groups.
The keystone taxa of Pan Troglodytes feces in different ages.A) Histogram of the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) scores computed for features differentially abundant. Red green and blue bars represented bacterial conmmunities of juvenile adolescent and adult groups respectively. The criteria was set as p < 0.05, |log10 LDA score| ≥ 3.0. B) The cladogram analysis. Colors indicated represent the core bacterial populations in respective groups.

The detail information of grouping_

Age groupGroupSample size
2 < years old < 5juvenile group A7
5 < years old < 10adolescent group B7
> 15 years oldadult group C7

The ANOSIM analysis was used to test the significance of differences in community structure between groups_

GroupsRp-value
A vs. B0.00680270.383
A vs. C0.15743440.082
B vs. C0.19776480.064
A vs. B vs. C0.12093730.045
C vs. B vs. A0.12093730.045
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2025-031 | Journal eISSN: 2544-4646 | Journal ISSN: 1733-1331
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Language: English
Page range: 363 - 373
Submitted on: Apr 22, 2025
Accepted on: Aug 6, 2025
Published on: Sep 16, 2025
Published by: Polish Society of Microbiologists
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
chimpanzee,
intestinal microbiota,
16S rRNA,
Firmicutes,
Bacteroidetes
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Microbiology and virology

© 2025 LIU JUAN, HAILI WU, YAOHUA YUAN, YINGDI ZHU, KANGNING HUANG, NINA YAN, YI LOU, YALAN ZHANG, WEIYI ZHANG, SHEN CHENG, JIANMIN ZHAN, SHUKE YE, YUYAN YOU, HONGJIE PAN, published by Polish Society of Microbiologists
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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