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Optimization and Mechanism of Ca2+ Biosorption by Virgibacillus pantothenticus Isolated from Gelatine Wastewater Cover

Optimization and Mechanism of Ca2+ Biosorption by Virgibacillus pantothenticus Isolated from Gelatine Wastewater

Open Access
|Mar 2025

Figures & Tables

Fig 1.

Phylogenetic tree of strain N3-4 based on 16S rRNA sequence.
Phylogenetic tree of strain N3-4 based on 16S rRNA sequence.

Fig. 2.

Effect of different parameters on biosorption capacity a) contact time; b) initial calcium concentration; c) biomass dosage; d) temperature, e) pH.
Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05).
Effect of different parameters on biosorption capacity a) contact time; b) initial calcium concentration; c) biomass dosage; d) temperature, e) pH. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05).

Fig. 3.

The binary interactions of factors of calcium biosorption capacity by response surface and contour a) and b) contact time and initial calcium ion concentration interact to affect the contour of bacterial adsorption capacity; c) and d) Biomass dosage and initial calcium ion concentration affects contours of bacterial adsorption capacity; e) and f) Biomass dosage and contact time affects contours of bacterial adsorption capacity.
The binary interactions of factors of calcium biosorption capacity by response surface and contour a) and b) contact time and initial calcium ion concentration interact to affect the contour of bacterial adsorption capacity; c) and d) Biomass dosage and initial calcium ion concentration affects contours of bacterial adsorption capacity; e) and f) Biomass dosage and contact time affects contours of bacterial adsorption capacity.

Fig. 4.

SEM images and EDS spectra of Virgibacillus pantothenticus biomass: a) non-adsorbed biomass, b) Ca(II)-adsorbed biomass, c) EDS spectrum of non-adsorbed biomass and d) EDS spectrum of Ca(II)-adsorbed biomass.
SEM images and EDS spectra of Virgibacillus pantothenticus biomass: a) non-adsorbed biomass, b) Ca(II)-adsorbed biomass, c) EDS spectrum of non-adsorbed biomass and d) EDS spectrum of Ca(II)-adsorbed biomass.

Fig. 5.

FTIR spectra of Virgibacillus pantothenticus cells before and after calcium biosorption.
FTIR spectra of Virgibacillus pantothenticus cells before and after calcium biosorption.

Fig. 6.

Schematic diagram of the adsorption mechanism of Virgibacillus pantothenticus.
Schematic diagram of the adsorption mechanism of Virgibacillus pantothenticus.

Experimental and predicted response for calcium biosorption using Virgibacillus pantothenticus_

Run orderA Initial calcium concentrationB Contact timeC Biomass dosageBiosorption capacity
1150601.0540.47
2100601.5506.53
3100601.5507.36
450601.0407.77
5100601.5517.87
650401.5300.87
750801.5432.80
850602.0301.13
9150602.0451.23
10150401.5452.42
11100801.0520.87
12100601.5514.87
13100402.0314.55
14150801.5559.02
15100601.5529.02
16100802.0439.98
17100401.0417.93

ANOVA results for calcium biosorption parameters_

SourceSum of squaresdfMean squareF valuep-valueSignificance
Model1.121E + 005912459.59236.49< 0.0001***
A39379.40139379.40747.46< 0.0001***
B27332.39127332.39518.79< 0.0001***
C18064.25118064.25342.88< 0.0001***
AB151.541151.542.880.1337/
AC75.69175.691.440.2697/
BC126.451126.452.400.1653/
A26217.9716217.97118.02< 0.0001***
B26820.0416820.04129.45< 0.0001***
C211189.61111189.61212.39< 0.0001***
Residual368.79752.68// /
Lack of Fit33.95311.320.140.9340/
Pure Error334.84483.71///
Cor Total1.125E + 00516////
R20.9968/////
Adj: R20.9928/////

Physiological and biochemical tests and sugar fermentation tests results of strain N3-4_

Physiological and biochemical characterization experimentsSugar fermentation test
Indole test+Glucose+
Citrate salt test-Fructose+
Methyl Red test+Xylose+
V-P test+Rhamnose+
Gelatin hydrolysis test+Sucrose+
Starch hydrolysis test-Arabinose+
//Marshmallow-
//Mannitol+
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2025-002 | Journal eISSN: 2544-4646 | Journal ISSN: 1733-1331
Language: English
Page range: 19 - 32
Submitted on: Oct 6, 2024
|
Accepted on: Nov 24, 2024
|
Published on: Mar 26, 2025
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2025 Haiwei Ren, Yumeng Xiang, Aili Zhang, Hongyuan Zhao, Hui Tian, Xiaopeng Guo, Yi Zheng, Bingyun Zhang, published by Polish Society of Microbiologists
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.