Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Comparison of diagnostic efficacy of mNGS and conventional cultures (n = 67)_
| Group | mNGS | Blood culture | BALF culture | Sputum culture | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All pathogens | 66 (98.5%) | 0 | 19 (28.4%) | 18 (17.5%) | < 0.001 |
| Bacteria | 58 (86.6%) | 0 | 10 (14.9%) | 7 (10.4%) | < 0.001 |
| Fungi | 21 (31.3%) | 0 | 9 (13.4%) | 13 (19.4%) | < 0.001 |
| Viruses | 11 (16.4) | 0 | 0 | 0 | < 0.001 |
Summary of patient baseline characteristics_
| Patient characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Days of hospitalization (days, n = 67) | 8.64 ± 4.93 |
| Age (years, n = 67) | 61.72 ± 12.21 |
| BMI (kg/m2, n = 65) | 20.60 ± 3.04 |
| Number of acute exacerbations within 12 months (n = 67) | 0.34 ± 0.54 |
| Number of hospitalizations for acute exacerbations within 12 months (n = 67) | 0.31 ± 0.53 |
| BSI score (points, n = 67) | 5.13 ± 3.19 |
| E-FACED score (points, n = 67) | 1.78 ± 1.57 |
| BACI score (points, n = 67) | 1.87 ± 2.81 |
| Reiff score (points, n = 67) | 2.84 ± 2.29 |
| mNGS reporting period (days, n = 61) | 1.61 ± 2.46 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg, n = 67) | 130 ± 21.91 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg, n = 67) | 75.52 ± 11.92 |
| Pulse (beats/min, n = 67) | 86.61 ± 17.48 |
| Respiration (beats/min, n = 67) | 20.07 ± 2.72 |
| White blood cell count (×109, n = 66) | 7.28 ± 12.06 |
| Neutrophils ratio (%, n = 66) | 67.89 ± 10.16 |
| Neutrophil count (×109, n = 66) | 4.09 ± 2.07 |
| Gender (n = 67) | |
| Male | 30 (44.8%) |
| Female | 37 (55.2%) |
| Etiology of bronchiectasis (n = 67) | |
| Bronchiectasis pulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) | 5 (7.5%) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | 5 (7.5%) |
| Tuberculosis (TB) | 5 (7.5%) |
| Infection | 2 (3.0%) |
| Unknown cause | 50 (74.6%) |
| Main symptoms of bronchiectasis (n = 67) | |
| Cough | 51 (76.1%) |
| Thick sputum | 25 (37.3%) |
| Hemoptysis | 22 (32.8%) |
| Fever | 7 (10.4%) |
| Other | 20 (29.9%) |
| Smoking (n = 67) | 8 (11.9%) |
| Whether to change treatment regimen based on mNGS results (n = 67) | |
| Yes | 22 (32.8%) |
| No | 45 (67.2%) |
| Disease outcome (n = 67) | |
| Improved | 61 (91.0%) |
| Not improved | 6 (9.0%) |