Characteristics and performance of different methods for the identification of S_ aureus in the blood or blood cultures_
| Assays | Resistance markers | Sensitivity | Turnaround time (h) | Specificity | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hybrisep | none | NA | NA | 8 | Shimada et al. 1999 |
| T2Dx | none | 100% | 100% | 3–5 | De Angelis et al. 2018 |
| BinaX Now S.aureus | none | 97.6% | 100% | 0.5 | Qian et al. 2014 |
| BinaX Now PBP2a | yes | 100% | 100% | 0.5 | Heraud et al. 2015 |
| Gram staining | none | 78.7% | 95% | 0.5 | Hadano et al. 2018 |
| PNA FISH | none | 100% | 99.4% | 1.5–3 | González et al. 2004 |
| QuickFISH | none | 99.5% | 89.5% | 0.5 | Deck et al. 2012 |
| Accelerate PhenoTM system | susceptibility | 94.7% | 99% | ID1/AST 7 | Charnot-Katsikas et al. 2017 |
| MALDI-TOF MS | in development | 85.7–100% | NA | 0.5–1 (pellet)/3–5 (short incubation) | Foster 2013; Curtoni et al. 2017 |
| FilmArray BCID2 | yes | 100% | 100% | 1 | Holma et al. 2022 |
| Xpert MRSA/SA BC | yes | 100% | 100% | 1 | McHugh et al. 2020 |
Comments on rapid and simple methods for the identification of S_ aureus from the blood or blood cultures_
| Assays | Automated | Personnel experience | Equipment requirement | Throughput | Cost | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hybrisep | yes | yes | proprietary equipment | low | moderate | +: rapid, sensitive and specific |
| T2Dx | yes | no | proprietary equipment | low | high | +: rapid, sensitive, and specific |
| BinaX Now S. aureus | no | no | no | low | low | +: rapid, sensitive and specific |
| BinaX Now PBP2a | no | no | no | low | low | +: rapid, sensitive, and specific |
| Gram staining | yes | yes | generic equipment | low | low | +: rapid, simple |
| PNA FISH | no | yes | generic equipment | low | high | +: rapid, sensitive, and specific |
| QuickFISH | no | yes | generic equipment | low | high | +: rapid, sensitive, and specific |
| Accelerate PhenoTM system | yes | no | proprietary equipment | low | high | +: rapid, sensitive, and specific, with AST results |
| MALDI-TOF MS | no | yes | proprietary equipment | high | low | +: rapid, sensitive, and specific, cost-effective |
| FilmArray BCID2 | yes | no | proprietary equipment | low | high | +: rapid, sensitive, and specific, with resistance results |
| Xpert MRSA/SA BC | yes | no | proprietary equipment | low | high | +: rapid, sensitive, and specific, with resistance results |