Growth Behavior and Transcriptome Profile Analysis of Proteus mirabilis Strain Under Long- versus Short-Term Simulated Microgravity Environment

Bin Zhang; Po Bai; Dapeng Wang

doi:10.33073/pjm-2022-015

Figures & Tables

Schematic diagram of mechanical principle of HARV. MG is simulated by rotating the samples around a plane perpendicular to the gravity vector.

Growth curve of PML (red) and PMS (blue). The growth curves of PML and PMS were quantified by measuring the OD600 values every 2 h for 24 h.

Biofilm formation ability of PML (red) and PMS (blue). Biofilm formation ability of PML and PMS was examined by measuring the OD570 values in microtiter plates.

Swarming motility of PML (red) and PMS (blue). Swarming motility of PML and PMS was determined by measuring the translucent zone diameters in swarming agar.

The Venn diagram of common and specific genes in PML and PMS.

Scatter plot of DEGs. The x-axis and y-axis represent the logarithm of the gene expression for PML and PMS, respectively. Red spots and blue spots represent upregulated and downregulated genes, respectively.

KEGG pathway analysis of DEGs. The x-axis and y-axis represent the numbers of DEGs and KEGG pathway category, respectively.

Statistics of differentially expressed genes (DEGs)_

Gene ID	Expression (up/down)	Log₂ FoldChang (PML/PMS)	Adjusted p-value	Gene products
csdA	up	1.308	< 0.001	cysteine sulfinate desulfinase
csdE	up	1.156	< 0.001	cysteine desulfuration protein
cutC	up	1.323	0.004	choline trimethylamine-lyase
phoA	up	1.686	0.002	alkaline phosphatase
pspA	up	1.077	0.003	phage shock protein A
pspB	up	1.107	0.002	phage shock protein B
pstB	up	1.423	0.049	phosphate transport system ATP-binding protein
rplT	up	1.060	0.023	large subunit ribosomal protein
ugpA	up	1.439	0.002	phosphate transport system ATP-binding protein
ugpB	up	1.377	< 0.001	phosphate transport system ATP-binding protein
ugpC	up	1.228	0.010	phosphate transport system ATP-binding protein
ugpE	up	1.575	0.002	phosphate transport system ATP-binding protein
PMI_RS02645	up	1.148	< 0.001	fimbria/pilus periplasmic chaperon
PMI_RS09180	up	1.031	0.022	cysteine desulfurase
PMI_RS09250	up	1.064	0.009	sensor histidine kinase
PMI_RS13360	up	2.720	< 0.001	small multidrug resistance pump
PMI_RS13370	up	1.424	0.017	putative phosphotransacetylase
PMI_RS14325	up	1.473	0.023	amino acid transport system substrate-binding protein
PMI_RS17915	up	1.520	< 0.001	Cd²⁺/Zn²⁺-exporting ATPase
artP	down	–1.009	< 0.001	arginine transport system ATP-binding protein
cyoB	down	–1.290	0.022	cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase subunit I
epd	down	–1.011	0.007	D-erythrose 4-phosphate dehydrogenase
fadB	down	–1.330	0.016	3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase
fadE	down	–1.045	0.047	acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
feoA	down	–1.277	< 0.001	ferrous iron transport protein A
glpA	down	–1.465	0.005	glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
glpB	down	–1.348	0.023	glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
glpT	down	–1.221	0.003	glycerol-3-phosphate transporter
ilvN	down	–1.080	0.018	acetolactate synthase I/III small subunit
metI	down	–1.178	0.003	D-methionine transport system permease protein
msrB	down	–1.021	< 0.001	peptide-methionine oxide reductase
phsA	down	–1.181	0.046	thiosulfate reductase
ptsG	down	–1.099	< 0.001	PTS system, glucose-specific IIB component
PMI_RS00340	down	–1.105	< 0.001	protein NrfC
PMI_RS00505	down	–1.210	0.048	cytochrome ubiquinol oxidase subunit III
PMI_RS00510	down	–1.283	0.036	cytochrome ubiquinol oxidase subunit IV
PMI_RS07940	down	–1.255	0.028	–
PMI_RS09930	down	–1.008	0.048	toxin CptA
PMI_RS10955	down	–2.137	< 0.001	major pilin subunit PapA
PMI_RS13425	down	–1.001	< 0.001	phosphorelay signal transduction system
PMI_RS13430	down	–1.190	< 0.001	TetR/AcrR family transcriptional regulator
PMI_RS14090	down	–1.029	< 0.001	putative transport protein
PMI_RS14825	down	–1.315	0.017	Mat/Ecp fimbriae adhesion
PMI_RS14830	down	–1.430	0.012	Mat/Ecp fimbriae outer membrane usher protein
PMI_RS14835	down	–1.349	0.037	Mat/Ecp fimbriae periplasmic chaperone
PMI_RS14840	down	–2.151	0.048	Mat/Ecp fimbriae adhesion
PMI_RS15035	down	–1.003	0.027	cation/acetate symporter
PMI_RS15880	down	–1.250	< 0.001	glycerol uptake facilitator protein
PMI_RS17135	down	–1.018	0.020	minor fimbrial subunit
PMI_RS18425	down	– 1.060	0.023	putative oxidoreductase

OD600 value of PML and PMS_

Time (h)	PML	PMS
0	0.548 ± 0.005	0.547 ± 0.006
2	0.581 ± 0.008	0.591 ± 0.005
4	0.674 ± 0.010	0.726 ± 0.005
6	0.863 ± 0.026	0.955 ± 0.012
8	1.206 ± 0.018	1.411 ± 0.026
10	1.560 ± 0.022	1.636 ± 0.013
12	1.709 ± 0.019	1.806 ± 0.027
14	1.776 ± 0.016	1.872 ± 0.024
16	1.826 ± 0.021	1.938 ± 0.025
18	1.876 ± 0.018	1.983 ± 0.015
20	1.927 ± 0.018	1.955 ± 0.014
22	1.900 ± 0.019	1.957 ± 0.028
24	1.889 ± 0.018	1.916 ± 0.014

Growth Behavior and Transcriptome Profile Analysis of Proteus mirabilis Strain Under Long- versus Short-Term Simulated Microgravity Environment

Figures & Tables

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Statistics of differentially expressed genes (DEGs)_

OD600 value of PML and PMS_

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