
Fig. 1

Resistance profiles of different isolates of Gram-negative bacteria_
Antimicrobial | Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 301) | Escherichia coli (n = 109) | Enterobacter cloaclae complex (n = 14) | Enterobacter asburiae* (n = 1) | Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 55) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Resistant | Resistant | Resistant | Resistant | Resistant | ||||||
No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
Ceftazidime | 278 | 92.36 | 86 | 78.90 | 9 | 64.29 | 0 | 0 | 22 | 40.00 |
Cefepime | 263 | 87.38 | 84 | 77.06 | 10 | 71.43 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 34.55 |
Imipenem | 206 | 68.44 | 6 | 5.50 | 2 | 14.29 | 0 | 0 | 24 | 43.64 |
Meropenem | 206 | 68.44 | 7 | 6.42 | 3 | 21.43 | 0 | 0 | 23 | 41.82 |
Amikacin | 180 | 59.80 | 4 | 3.67 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 34.55 |
Gentamicin | 177 | 58.80 | 36 | 33.03 | 6 | 42.86 | 0 | 0 | 24 | 43.64 |
Tobramycin | 232 | 77.08 | 38 | 34.86 | 3 | 21.43 | 0 | 0 | 24 | 43.64 |
Ciprofloxacin | 217 | 72.10 | 69 | 63.30 | 3 | 21.43 | 0 | 0 | 26 | 47.27 |
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole | 231 | 76.74 | 59 | 54.13 | 6 | 42.86 | 0 | 0 | – | – |
Characteristics of six bacterial isolates harboring mcr-1_
Organism | Isolate name | k-type | Sample Source | mcr-1 amplified by first set of primers | mcr-1amplified by second set of primers | Patient gender | FEP | CAZ | IPM | MEM | AK | GN | TOB | CIP | SXT | MIC value in µg/ml* |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P. aeruginosa | MPPS-05 | – | BAL | mcr-1.1 | mcr-1.1 | F | R | R | R | I | R | R | R | R | – | ≤ 0.5 |
K. pneumoniae | MPKP-07 | K9 | Mini BAL | mcr-1.1 | – | F | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | S | ≤ 0.5 |
K. pneumoniae | MPKP-03 | k58 | BAL | mcr-1.1 | mcr-1.1 | M | R | R | R | R | R | I | R | R | R | 4 |
K. pneumoniae | MPKP-04 | k58 | Spinal fluid | mcr-1.1 | mcr-1.1 | F | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | I | R | 4 |
K. pneumoniae | MPKP-06 | k58 | Sputum | mcr-1.1 | mcr-1.1 | M | R | R | R | R | R | S | R | R | R | 4 |
E. coli | MPEC-02 | – | Blood culture | mcr-1.1 | mcr-1.1 | M | R | R | S | S | S | R | R | I | R | ≥ 4 |
Beta-lactamase genes distribution among the mcr-1 positive isolates_
Organism | Isolate name | mcr-1 amplified by first set of primers | mcr-1 amplified by second set of primers | ESBL Gene | Serine carbapenemasesgenes | Metallo-beta-lactamase genes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
blaCTX-M | blaKPC | blaOXA-48 | blaVIM | blaNDM-1 | ||||
P. aeruginosa | MPPS-05 | mcr-1.1 | mcr-1.1 | − | − | + | − | + |
K. pneumoniae | MPKP-07 | mcr-1.1 | − | + | − | + | − | − |
K. pneumoniae | MPKP-03 | mcr-1.1 | mcr-1.1 | + | − | + | − | + |
K. pneumoniae | MPKP-04 | mcr-1.1 | mcr-1.1 | − | − | + | − | + |
K. pneumoniae | MPKP-06 | mcr-1.1 | mcr-1.1 | − | − | + | − | − |
E. coli | MPEC-02 | mcr-1.1 | mcr-1.1 | + | NT | NT | NT | NT |