References
- Ash, T. G. (1993). In Europe’s Name. Germany and the Divided Continent. Random House.
- Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words. Oxford University Press.
- Baker, P. (2014). Pressure Rising as Obama Works to Rein in Russia. New York Times.
- Baring, A. (1991). Deutschland, was nun? (Germany, what now?). Siedler Verlag.
- Berger, T. U. (1998). Cultures of Antimilitarism: National Security in Germany and Japan. John Hopkins University Press.
- Berger, T. U. (2002). A Perfectly Normal Abnormality: German Foreign Policy after Kosovo and Afghanistan. Japanese Journal of Political Science, 3(2), 173–193. DOI: 10.1017/S1468109902002025
- Berger, T. U. (2012). War, Guilt, and World Politics After World War II. Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9781139109437
- Bergstrand, A., & Engelbrekt, K. (2016).
To Deploy or Not to Deploy a Parliamentary Army? German Strategic Culture and International Military Operations . In M. Britz (Ed.), European Participation in International Operations. The Role of Strategic Culture (pp. 49–77). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-39759-7_3 - Berzina, I. (2015). Foreign and Domestic Discourse on the Russian Arctic. Arctic Yearbook.
- Bittner, J., & Nass, M. (2014). Kurs auf die Welt (Course towards the World). Die Zeit.
- Bloomfield, A. (2012). Time to Move On: Reconceptualizing the Strategic Culture Debate. Contemporary Security Policy, 33(3), 437–461. DOI: 10.1080/13523260.2012.727679
- Bohrer, K. H. (1990). Provinzionalismus (Provinsialism), 12, 1096–1102.
- Brunner, K. (2012). Germany’s participation in the Kosovo war: Bringing agency back in. Acta Politica (pp. 272–291). DOI: 10.1057/ap.2011.1
- Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz. (2005). Gesetz über die parlamentarische Beteiligung bei der Entscheidung über den Einsatz bewaffneter Streitkräfte im Ausland (Parlamentsbeteiligungsgesetz).
https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/parlbg/BJNR077500005.html - Bundesregierung, D. (2016). Weißbuch zur Sicherheitspolitik und zur Zukunft der Bundeswehr (White Paper on Security Policy and the Future of the Bundeswehr (German version)).
- Buras, P., & Longhurst, K. (2004). The Berlin Republic, Iraq, and the use of force. European Security (pp. 215–245). DOI: 10.1080/09662830490499957
- Der Spiegel. (1999, May 13). Auszüge aus der Fischer-Rede (Excerpts from the Fischer speech).
http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/wortlaut-auszuege-aus-der-fischer-rede-a-22143.html - Der Spiegel. (2002, September 19). Däubler-Gmelin, Bush und Hitler. Spiegel Online.
http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/irak-krise-daeubler-gmelin-bush-und-hitler-a-214597.html - Desch, M. C. (1998). Culture Clash. Assessing the Importance of Ideas in Security Studies. International Security, Summer, 141–170. DOI: 10.1162/isec.23.1.141
- Deutscher Bundestag. (1998). Plenarprotokoll 13/248. Stenographischer Bericht, 248. Sitzung.
- Deutscher Bundestag. (1999). Plenarprotokoll 14/30, Stenografischer Bericht 30. Sitzung.
- Deutscher Bundestag. (2011). Plenarprotokoll 17/97 Stenografischer Bericht 97. Sitzung.
- Duffield, J. S. (1999). Political Culture and State Behavior: Why Germany Confounds Neorealism. International Organization, Autumn (pp. 771–194). DOI: 10.1162/002081899551066
- Echevarria II, A. J. (2013). Strategic Culture: More Problems than Prospects, 3(2), 4–7.
- Fischer, J. (2011). Deutsche Aussenpolitik—Eine Farce (German Foreign Policy—A Pharce). Süddeutsche Zeitung.
- Foulon, M. (2015). Neoclassical Realism: Challengers and Bridging Identities. International Studies Review, 17, 635–661. DOI: 10.1111/misr.12255
- Full text of the joint declaration. (2003). The Guardian.
- Gauck, J. (2013). Speech by Federal President Joachim Gauck to mark the Day of German Unity.
http://www.bundespraesident.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/Reden/2013/10/131003-Tag-Deutsche-Einheit-englische-Uebersetzung.pdf?__blob=publicationFile - German government. (2012). Shaping Globalization – Expanding Partner- ships – Sharing Responsibility.
http://www.wien-io.diplo.de/contentblob/3537104/Daten/2357169/Globalisierunggestalten_download.pdf - German Government. (2016). Weißbuch zur Sicherheitspolitik und zur Zukunft der Bundeswehr (White Paper on Security Policy and the Future of the Bundeswehr).
https://www.bmvg.de/portal/a/bmvg/start/weissbuch/downloads/!ut/p/z1/04_Sj9CPykssy0xPLMnMz0vMAfIjo8zinSx8QnyMLI2MXNzNjQ0cAy2CHc1cjA3c3Uz0wwkpiAJKG-AAjgb6wSmp-pFAM8xxm2GsH6wfpR-VlViWWKFXkF9UkpNaopeYDHKhfmRGYl5KTmpAfrIjRKAgN6LcoNxREQDBsD0r/dz/d5/L2dBISEvZ0F - Giesen, B. (1993). Die Intellektuellen und die Nation. Eine deutsche Achsenzeit (The intellectuals and the nation. A German time of importance). Suhrkamp Taschenbuch Wissenschaft.
- Glenn, J. (2009). Realism versus Strategic Culture: Competition and Collaboration? International Studies Review (pp. 523–551). DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2486.2009.00872.x
- Gray, C. S. (1999). Strategic Culture as Context: The First Generation of Theory Strikes Back. Review of International Studies, 25(1), 49–69. DOI: 10.1017/S0260210599000492
- Habermas, J. (1987). Eine Art Schadensebwicklung. Kleine Politische Schriften VI (A kind of damage development. Small Political Writings VI). Suhrkamp Verlag.
- Habermas, J. (1990). Die nachholende Revolution (The catch-up revolution). Suhrkamp Verlag.
- Habermas, J. (1998). Die postnationale Konstellation—Politische Essays (The Post-national Constellation—Political Essays). Suhrkamp Verlag.
- Haglund, D. G. (2014). What Can Strategic Culture Contribute to Our Understanding of Security Policies in the Asia-Pacific Region? Contemporary Security Policy, 35(2), 310–328. DOI: 10.1080/13523260.2014.927674
- Harnisch, S. (2001). Change and Continuity in Post-Unification German Foreign Policy. German Politics (pp. 35–60). DOI: 10.1080/09644000412331307384
- Hellmann, G. (2016). Zwischen Gestaltungsmacht und Hegemonialfalle. Zur neuesten Debatte über eine ‘neue deutsche Aussenpolitik’ (Between shaping power and hegemony. On the latest debate on a ‘new German foreign policy’). Deutsche Aussenpolitik APuZ.
- Hilpert, C. (2014). Strategic Cultural Change and the Challenge for Security Policy: Germany and the Bundeswehr’s Deployment to Afghanistan. Palgrave MacMillan.
- ‘Historikerstreit’—Die Dokumentation der Kontroversen um die Einzigartigkeit der nationalsozialistischen Judenvernichtung (‘Historikerstreit’—The documentation of the controversies surrounding the uniqueness of the nationalsocialist extermination of the Jews). (1988). Piper.
- Hooper, J. (2003). German leader says no to war in Iraq. The Guardian.
- Hudson, V. (2009). Sovereign Democracy as a Discourse of Russian Identity. Ibidem.
- Hyde-Price, A. G. V. (2015). The ‘sleep-walking giant’ awakes: Resetting German foreign and security policy. European Security (pp. 600–616). DOI: 10.1080/09662839.2015.1065484
- Ignatieff, M. (1993). Blood and Belonging—Journeys into the new nationalism. BBC Books, Chatto & Windus.
- Jarausch, K. H. (1995). 1945 and the Continuities of German History: Reflections on Memory, Historiography, and Politics. German Historical Institute.
- Jaspers, K. (1946). Die Schuldfrage—Ein Beitrag zur deutschen Frage (The question of guilt- A contribution to the German question). Artemis Verlag.
- Jeffrey, W. L. (1997). Which norms matter? Revisiting the ‘failure’ of internationalism. International Organization, 51(1), 31–63. DOI: 10.1162/002081897550294
- Joffe, J. (1999). A Peacenik Goes to War. The New York Times.
- Johnston, A. I. (1995). Thinking about Strategic Culture. International Security, 19(4), 32–64. DOI: 10.2307/2539119
- Junk, J., & Daase, C. (2013). Germany (Vol. 13). Springer Fachmedien. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-658-01168-0_11
- Katzenstein, P. J. (1996). The Culture of National Security: Norms and Identity in World Politics. Columbia University Press.
- Kier, E. (1995). Culture and Military Doctrine. France between the Wars. International Security, 19(4), 65–93. DOI: 10.2307/2539120
- Klein, B. S. (1988). Hegemony and Strategic Culture: American Power Projection and Alliance Defence Politics. Review of International Studies, 4. DOI: 10.1017/S026021050011335X
- König, H. (1996). Das Erbe der Diktatur (The legacy of the dictatorship). Leviathan – Zeitschrift Für Sozialwissenschaft (pp. 163–181).
- Kulka, O. D. (1985). Die deutsche Geschichtsschreibung über Nationalsozialismus und die ‘Endlösung’ (German historiography about national socialism and the ‘final solution’). Historische Zeitschrift (pp. 599–639). DOI: 10.1524/hzhz.1985.240.3.599
- Kundnani, H., & Pond, E. (2015). Germany’s Real Role in the Ukraine Crisis. Foreign Affairs, Mar/April.
https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/eastern-europe-caucasus/germany-s-real-role-ukraine-crisis - Laclau, E., & Mouffe, C. (1985). Hegemony and Socialist Strategy. Towards a Radical Democratic Politics. Verso.
- Lammers, H. C. (1992). Det ny Tyskland—Fra sammenbrud til genforening 1945–1992 (The new Germany—From breakdown to reunification 1945–1992). Akademisk Forlag.
- Lantis, J. (2002). The Moral Imperative of Force: The Evolution of German Strategic Culture in Kosovo. Comparative Strategy (pp. 21–46). DOI: 10.1080/014959302317350864
- Libel, T. (2018). Rethinking strategic culture: A computational (social science) discursive-institutionalist approach. The Journal of Strategic Studies. DOI: 10.1080/01402390.2018.1545645
- Lock, E. (2018).
Strategic Culture Theory: What, Why, and How . In Oxford Research Encyclopedia, Politics. Oxford University Press. DOI: 10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.320 - Maull, H. W. (1990). Germany and Japan: The New Civilian Powers. Foreign Affairs (pp. 91–106). DOI: 10.2307/20044603
- Mearsheimer, J. J. (1990). Back to the Future: Instability in Europe After the Cold War. International Security, 15(1), 5–56. DOI: 10.2307/2538981
- Merkel, A. (2011, March 17). Sicherheitssysteme werden umfassend überprüft. Saarbrücker Zeitung.
- Müller, H. (2011). Ein Desaster. Deutschland und der Fall Libyen (A disaster. Germany and the fall Libya). HSFK Standpunkte, 2.
- Münkler, H. (2015). Wir sind der Hegemon (We are the Hegemon). Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung.
- Neumann, I. B., & Heikka, H. (2005). Grand Strategy, Strategic Culture, Practice. The Social Roots of Nordic Defence. Cooperation and Conflict, 40(1), 5–23. DOI: 10.1177/0010836705049731
- Pohl, D. (1997). Die Holocaustforschung und Goldhagens Thesen. Vierteljahresheft Für Zeitgeschichte (pp. 1–48).
- Probst, L. (1996). ‘Gesellschaft versus Gemeinschaft—Zur Tradition des dichotomischen Denkens in Deutschland (Society versus community—On the tradition of dichotomous thinking in Germany’. Aus Politik Und Zeitgeschichte (pp. 29–35).
- Reichwein, A. (2012). The tradition of neoclassical realism. Manchester University Press.
- Schmitt, O. (2012). Strategic Users of Culture: German Decisions for Military Action. Contemporary Security Policy, 4, 59–81. DOI: 10.1080/13523260.2012.659586
- Schönberger, C. (2012). ‘Hegemon wider Willen. Zur Stellung Deutschlands in der Europäischen Union’ (Hegemon against its will. On Germany’s position in the European Union). Eurozine, 01.
http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2012-01-10-schonberger-de.html - Schröder, G. (2001). Regierungserklärung von Bundeskanzler Gerhard Schröder zu den Anschlägen in den Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika vor dem Deutschen Bundestag am 12. September 2001 in Berlin. Bundesregierung.
https://www.bundesregierung.de/Content/DE/Bulletin/2001_2007/2001/58-1_Schröder.html - Schwarz, H.-P. (1994). Die Zentralmacht Europas. Deutschlands Rückkehr auf die Weltbühne (The central power of Europe. Germany’s return to the world stage). Siedler.
- Smale, A., & Erlanger, S. (2016). Merkel, After Discortant G-7 Meeting, Is Looking Past Trump. The New York Times.
- Smyser, W. R. (1995). ‘Das Ausland und die Aussenpolitik des neuen Deutschland (The abroad and the foreign policy of the new Germany)’. Internationale Politik (pp. 45–50).
- Snyder, J. (1977). The Soviet Strategic Culture: Implications for Limited Nuclear Operations. RAND.
- Staun, J. (2002). Mellem kantiansk patriotisme og politisk romantik. Det tyske stats- og nationsbegreb i to århundreder (Between kantian patriotism and political romanticism. The German concept of state and nation during two centuries). University of Copenhagen Press.
- Steinmeier, F.-W. (2014). Speech by Foreign Minister Frank Walter Steinmeier at the 50th Munich Security Conference.
http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/EN/Infoservice/Presse/Reden/2014/140201-BM_MüSiKo.html?nn=382590 - Steinmeier, F.-W. (2016). Germany’s New Global Role. Berlin Steps Up. Foreign Affairs, July/August.
- Sternberger, D. (1990). Verfassungspatriotismus (Constitutional patriotism): Vol. X. Insel Verlag.
- Stürmer, M. (1994). Die Grenzen der Macht. Begegnung der Deutschen mit der Geschichte (The limits of power. The Germans meet with history). Wilhelm Goldmann Verlag.
- Vied, N. (2010). ‘Ich habe gelernt: Nie wieder Auschwitz’ (I have learned: Never again Auschwitz). Süddeutsche Zeitung.
- von der Leyen, U. (Februar 2015a). Manuscript der Rede der Bundesministerin der Verteidigung (Manuscript of the speech of the Federal Minister of Defence).
https://www.bmvg.de/portal/a/bmvg/start/ministerium/der_minister/reden/!ut/p/z1/hZDBTsMwDIafhReok0hl7XGlYpoY1USrQXKZosaUoDaZgls48PAkQvQ24cMv-f_sX5ZBwQsopxc7aLLe6TH2Ut2eq-LQHUQpRFecNmxf84fHXdkKxhic4Pm_ERUxu1JbBq1BkDFjcz0jhxYUqJmm84TGzhNI-rREGP7sDz-HHlf7FdEkZDDrvUNKSujIRh2CJh-yiw80JjKHEElmDUjG64rx9Tj-XXa7u-YoBK_31VMKfNeL_lp3dZ_eBPJNOzPi0ffbX-My3RdNky9NPtz8ANUOl10!/dz/d5/L2dBISEvZ0FBIS9nQSEh/ - von der Leyen, U. (2014). Speech by the Federal Minister of Defence, Dr. Ursula von der Leyen, on the Occasion of the 50th Munich Security Conference.
https://www.securityconference.de/fileadmin/MSC_/2014/Reden/2014-01-31-Speech-MinDef_von_der_Leyen-MuSeCo.pdf - Wæver, O. (1989). Hele Europa—Projekter, Kontraster (All of Europe—Projects, Contrasts). Det Sikkerheds og Nedrustningspolitiske Udvalg.
- Wæver, O. (1991). ‘Det tyske problem i 1990’erne (The German Problem in the 1990’s)’. Internasjonal Politikk (pp. 401–419).
- Wæver, O. (1992). Introduktion til Studiet af International Politik (Introduction to the Study of International Politics). Politiske Studier.
- Wæver, O. (2005). European Integration and Security: Analysing French and German Discourses on State, Nation and Europe. St. Martin’s Press. DOI: 10.1057/9780230523364_2
- Walker, R. B. J. (1993). Inside/outside: International Relations as Political Theory. Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511559150
- Wallace, W. (1991). Germany at the Centre of Europe. Berg.
- Waltz, K. (1993). The Emerging Structure of International Politics. International Security, Autumn (pp. 47–79). DOI: 10.2307/2539097
- Weidenfeld, W. (1993). Deutschland. Eine Nation-doppelte Geschichte. Materialien zum deutschen Selbstverständnis (Germany. One Nation—Twofold history. Material concerning German self-understanding). Wissenschaft und Politik.
- Weiland, S. (2003). Ich bin nicht überzeugt! Der Spiegel.
- Wittgenstein, L. (1989). Om Vished (On Certainty) (J. Husted, Ed.). Philosophica.
- Wivel, A. (2002). Realismen efter Waltz: Udvikling eller afvikling? (Realism after Waltz: Development or liquidation?). Politica, 34(4), 431–448. DOI: 10.7146/politica.v34i4.69663
- Wunsch, M. V. (2012). German Print Media Coverage in the Bosnia and Kosovo Wars of the 1990’s. The London School of Economics and Political Science, Department of International History, Ph.D.-thesis.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31374/sjms.34 | Journal eISSN: 2596-3856
Language: English
Page range: 84 - 99
Submitted on: Apr 29, 2019
Accepted on: Apr 15, 2020
Published on: Nov 13, 2020
Published by: Scandinavian Military Studies
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
Keywords:
© 2020 Jørgen Staun, published by Scandinavian Military Studies
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
