Table 1
Descriptive statistics and variables in the logistic regression models EDCS = Exposure to Danger and Combat Scale; WCWS = Witnessing the Consequences of War Scale.
| Main study variables based on the morale outcomea | Lower morale (n = 174) | Higher morale (n = 249) |
|---|---|---|
| Selected predictor variables | ||
| Cohesion | 5.72 (1.80) | 6.61 (1.39) |
| Common unit purpose | 2.56 (1.33) | 3.45 (1.18) |
| Own discipline | 31.21 (4.53) | 32.89 (4.42) |
| Aspects of the work environment | 8.20 (2.51) | 7.38 (2.38) |
| Perception of leadership, immediate superior | 1.92 (1.07) | 2.21 (0.84) |
| Perception of leadership, unit | 1.57 (0.86) | 2.15 (0.77) |
| Background variables | ||
| Age | 25.53 (6.38) | 26.57 (7.48) |
| Female | 8.62% | 4.42% |
| EDCS | 5.99 (3.19) | 5.90 (3.05) |
| WCWS | 3.03 (2.11) | 3.15 (1.99) |
| Having a leadership role | 21.26% | 28.51% |
[i] a Average and standard deviation (SD) of subgroups, unless percentage is indicated (%)
Table 2
Relation with morale during deployment using logistic regression models with a single and with multiple predictor variables.
| Model description | Single predictor models | Multiple predictor model |
|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
| Selected predictor variables | ||
| Cohesion | 1.42 (1.25–1.62)** | 1.19 (1.02–1.39)* |
| Common unit purpose | 1.75 (1.48–2.08)** | 1.32 (1.08–1.63)** |
| Own discipline | 1.09 (1.04–1.14)** | 1.05 (0.99–1.10) |
| Aspects of the work environment | 0.87 (0.80–0.94)** | 0.92 (0.83–1.01) |
| Perception of leadership, immediate superior | 1.40 (1.13–1.74)** | 0.92 (0.71–1.19) |
| Perception of leadership, unit | 2.36 (1.83–3.03)** | 1.66 (1.18–2.37)** |
| Background variables | ||
| Age | 1.01 (0.98–1.05) | |
| Female | 0.52 (0.21–1.28) | |
| EDCS | 1.00 (0.91–1.10) | |
| WCWS | 1.03 (0.91–1.18) | |
| Having a leadership role | 1.17 (0.69–2.01) |
[i] OR = Odds ratio; CI = Confidence Intervals; EDCS = Exposure to Danger and Combat Scale; WCWS = Witnessing the Consequences of War Scale.
* P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01.
Supplementary Table
Zero-order Spearman correlations between variables for the population in the primary model (n = 423).
| Outcome, Morale | Predictors, Theoretically defined | Cohesion | Common unit purpose | Own discipline | Aspects of the work environment | Perception of leadership, immediate superior | Perception of leadership, unit | Predictors, Background factors | Age | Female | EDCS | WCWS | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictors, Theoretically defined | |||||||||||||
| Cohesion | 0.26** | ||||||||||||
| Common unit purpose | 0.34** | 0.35** | |||||||||||
| Own discipline | 0.18** | 0.31** | 0.2** | ||||||||||
| Aspects of the work environment | 0.18** | –0.1* | –0.24** | –0.01 | |||||||||
| Perception of leadership, immediate superior | 0.14** | 0.30** | 0.28** | 0.20** | –0.17** | ||||||||
| Perception of leadership, unit | 0.34** | 0.43** | 0.58** | 0.18** | –0.20** | 0.49** | |||||||
| Predictors, Background factors | |||||||||||||
| Age | 0.03 | –0.09 | 0.07 | 0.19* | –0.13** | 0.01 | –0.04 | ||||||
| Female | –0.09 | –0.03 | –0.03 | –0.01 | –0.06 | –0.01 | –0.04 | –0.05 | |||||
| EDCS | –0.02 | 0.08 | -–0.12* | 0.07 | 0.35** | –0.01 | 0.00 | –0.23** | –0.12* | ||||
| WCWS | 0.05 | 0.09 | -0.01 | 0.17** | 0.18** | 0.06 | 0.05 | –0.03 | –0.05 | 0.55** | |||
| Having a leadership role | 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.23** | 0.02 | –0.01 | 0.00 | 0.37** | –0.08 | 0.00 | 0.04 |
[i] EDCS = Exposure to Danger and Combat Scale; WCWS = Witnessing the Consequences of War Scale.
* P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01.