Table 1.
List and description of variables used in the modelling
Tabela 1. Zmienne użyte w modelu i ich opis
| Variable / Zmienna | Definition / Definicja |
|---|---|
| Y | An indicator of the ability to generate income from productive activities – the operational self-sufficiency ratio (OSS) is the ratio of the value of sales to the value of total farm costs. Sales were calculated as the difference between the value of total production (SE131) and production for domestic consumption (SE260) and the value of internal consumption (SE265). Total costs includes direct costs, economy-wide costs, depreciation and the cost of external factors, excluding the cost of own family labour (OSS) / Miara zdolności tworzenia dochodu z działalności produkcyjnej – współczynnik samowystarczalności operacyjnej (OSS) jest relacją wartości sprzedaży do wartości kosztów całkowitych gospodarstwa rolnego. Sprzedaż została obliczona jako różnica wartości produkcji ogółem (SE131) oraz produkcji na potrzeby domowe (SE260) i wartości spożycia wewnętrznego (SE265). Koszty całkowite obejmują koszty: koszty bezpośrednie, koszty ogólnogospodarcze, amortyzację i koszt czynników zewnętrznych, bez kosztów pracy własnej rodziny (OSS) |
| X1 | Share of income form agriculture activity (IAA) in the value of family farm income, IAA was calculated according to the formula: IAA = SE131 − SE275 − SE360 − SE370 − SE375 / Udział wartości dochodu z działalności produkcyjnej w wartości dochodu z rodzinnego gospodarstwa rolnego (IAA) został obliczony zgodnie z formułą: IAA = SE131 − SE275 − SE360 − SE370 − SE375 |
| X2 | Share of SUB, is the ratio of the value of the balances of operating and investment subsidies and income from the family farm (%SUB) / Udział SUB, stanowi relację wartości sald dopłat do działalności operacyjnej i inwestycyjnej oraz dochodu z rodzinnego gospodarstwa rolnego (%SUB) |
| X3 | Share financial cost (FC), is the absolute value (due to the logarithmisation of the data) of interest costs in relation to the value of income from the family farm (%FC) / Udział kosztów finansowych (FC) jest wartością bezwzględną (ze względu na logarytmowanie danych) kosztów odsetek w relacji do wartości dochodu z rodzinnego gospodarstwa rolnego (%FC) |
Table 2.
Basic descriptive statistics of income from family farm in the analysed groups for the period 2018–2022 (thousand EUR)
Tabela 2. Podstawowe statystyki opisowe dochód gospodarstwa rodzinnego w analizowanych grupach w okresie 2018–2022 (tys. EUR)
| Statistics / Statystyki | Number of farming type / Numer typu rolniczego | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | Total / Ogółem | |
| Group 1 (thousand EUR/farm/year) / Grupa 1 (tys. EUR/gosp./rok) | |||||||||
| Mean / Średnia | 45.51 | 123.13 | 66.34 | 65.34 | 63.85 | 27.25 | 115.72 | 50.40 | 71.30 |
| Min / Min. | −2.01 | 44.18 | 38.55 | 0.26 | 45.16 | −11.46 | −19.19 | 5.86 | −19.19 |
| Max / Maks. | 147.67 | 349.29 | 110.38 | 328.84 | 520.85 | 93.31 | 426.73 | 194.66 | 520.85 |
| StDev / Odch. std. | 30.01 | 82.53 | 22.09 | 64.39 | 84.75 | 18.60 | 105.99 | 38.11 | 72.19 |
| Coefficient of variation / Wsp. zmienności | 0.66 | 0.43 | 0.33 | 0.99 | 1.33 | 0.68 | 0.92 | 0.76 | 1.01 |
| Group 2 (thousand EUR/farm/year) / Grupa 2 (tys. EUR/gosp./rok) | |||||||||
| Mean / Średnia | 15.70 | 14.19 | 17.16 | 12.00 | 21.52 | 14.57 | 38.58 | 9.56 | 17.15 |
| Min / Min. | 5.50 | 0.94 | 4.19 | 2.11 | 7.95 | 1.98 | −51.34 | 2.84 | −51.34 |
| Max / Maks. | 43.39 | 32.08 | 31.24 | 37.75 | 65.23 | 33.57 | 122.66 | 24.50 | 122.66 |
| StDev / Odch. std. | 8.40 | 7.27 | 7.18 | 8.08 | 12.04 | 6.44 | 34.67 | 5.12 | 15.60 |
| Coefficient of variation / Wsp. zmienności | 0.53 | 0.42 | 1.05 | 0.67 | 0.56 | 0.44 | 0.90 | 0.54 | 0.91 |
Table 3.
Basic descriptive statistics of the share of productive activities in family farm income formation and average shares of support and interest costs (multiples)
Tabela 3. Podstawowe statystyki opisowe udziału działalności produkcyjnej w tworzeniu dochodu rodzinnego gospodarstwa rolnego oraz średnie udziały wsparcia i obsługi zadłużenia (krotność)
| Statistics / Statystyki | Number of type of farming / Numer typu rolniczego | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | Total / Ogółem | |
| Group 1 / Grupa 1 | |||||||||
| Mean / Średnia | 0.22 | 0.98 | 0.80 | 0.61 | 0.61 | 0.04 | 0.93 | 0.26 | 0.76 |
| Min / Min. | −0.49 | 0.85 | 0.60 | 0.27 | −0.22 | −1.72 | −1.07 | −2.02 | −2.02 |
| Max / Maks. | 4.51 | 1.10 | 0.98 | 21.39 | 1.13 | 2.27 | 1.30 | 1.16 | 4.51 |
| StDev / Odch. Std | 0.85 | 0.06 | 0.11 | 4.21 | 0.41 | 0.96 | 0.53 | 0.76 | 1.61 |
| Median / Mediana | 0.59 | 0.99 | 0.82 | 0.61 | 0.77 | 0.29 | 0.93 | 0.59 | 0.71 |
| Share of SUB / Udział SUB | 1.27 | 0.10 | 0.22 | 0.88 | 0.51 | 1.01 | 0.19 | 1.06 | 0.45 |
| Share of FC / Udział FC | −0.49 | −0.08 | −0.02 | −0.49 | −0.18 | −0.05 | −0.12 | −0.32 | −0.21 |
| Group 2 / Grupa 2 | |||||||||
| Mean / Średnia | 0.28 | 0.95 | 0.71 | 0.43 | 0.35 | −0.04 | 0.65 | 0.22 | 0.41 |
| Min / Min. | 0.32 | 0.91 | 0.78 | 0.47 | 0.39 | 0.09 | 0.86 | 0.35 | 0.50 |
| Max / Maks. | −1.33 | 0.45 | −0.02 | −0.29 | −0.22 | −2.48 | −1.80 | −1.34 | −2.48 |
| StDev / Odch. Std | 0.68 | 3.80 | 1.14 | 0.94 | 0.78 | 0.73 | 1.44 | 0.87 | 1.44 |
| Median / Mediana | 0.35 | 0.51 | 0.25 | 0.33 | 0.28 | 0.62 | 0.54 | 0.47 | 0.53 |
| Share of SUB / Udział SUB | 0.75 | 0.08 | 0.30 | 0.58 | 0.68 | 1.06 | 0.39 | 0.81 | 0.61 |
| Share of FC / Udział FC | −0.03 | −0.03 | −0.01 | −0.01 | −0.03 | −0.02 | −0.04 | −0.03 | −0.03 |
Table 4.
Descriptive statistics of OSS in farm by country groups and farms agricultural type
Tabela 4. Statystyki opisowe OSS w grupach gospodarstw wg typów rolniczych
| Statistic / Statystyka | Number of type of farming / Numer typu rolniczego | Total / Ogółem | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | ||
| Group 1 / Grupa 1 | |||||||||
| Mean / Średnia | 1.10 | 1.22 | 1.47 | 1.23 | 1.05 | 0.90 | 1.11 | 1.01 | 1.11 |
| Min / Min. | 0.86 | 1.06 | 1.14 | 0.94 | 0.84 | 0.65 | 0.87 | 0.78 | 0.65 |
| Max / Maks. | 1.48 | 1.62 | 2.02 | 1.75 | 1.35 | 1.19 | 1.47 | 1.29 | 2.02 |
| StDev / Odch. Std | 0.17 | 0.15 | 0.27 | 0.22 | 0.14 | 0.16 | 0.19 | 0.15 | 0.23 |
| Group 2 / Grupa 2 | |||||||||
| Mean / Średnia | 1.12 | 1.35 | 1.43 | 1.28 | 0.91 | 0.78 | 1.07 | 0.97 | 1.10 |
| Min / Min. | 0.79 | 1.03 | 0.94 | 0.70 | 0.71 | 0.45 | 0.86 | 0.62 | 0.45 |
| Max / Maks. | 1.54 | 1.87 | 1.91 | 2.18 | 1.34 | 1.26 | 1.29 | 1.50 | 2.18 |
| StDev / Odch. Std | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 0.38 | 0.17 | 0.22 | 0.14 | 0.23 | 0.31 |

Figure 1.
OSS indicator by country
Source: own study.
Rysunek 1. Poziom wskaźnika OSS według kraju
Źródło: obliczenia własne.
Table 5.
WLS estimation for types of farming in Group 2
Tabela 5. Estymacja WLS dla typów rolniczych w Grupie 2
| Type of farming / Typ rolniczy | Const (t-stats) | Ln%IAA (t-stats) | Ln%SUB (t-stats) | Ln%FC (t-stats) | R^2 R^corr. | F (p-value) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | −0.073 (−9.085)*** | 0.001 (0.005) | −0.373 (−31.63)*** | −0.007 (−3.279)*** | 0.99 (0.982) | 1190 (0.000) |
| (2)(X) | 0.240 (3.068)*** | 0.438 (6.543)*** | −0.019 (−0.755) | −0.17 (−1.299) | – | Chi2 = 4.96 p = 0.084 |
| (3) | −0.101 (−0.464) | −0.108 (−0.360) | −0.167 (−1.702) | −0.037 (−6.185)*** | 0.82 (0.789) | 23.0 (0.000) |
| (4) | −0.096 (−3.047)*** | 0.029 (2.123)** | −0.268 (−16.11)*** | −0.022 (−3.413)*** | 0.965 (0.948) | 341 (0.000) |
| (5) | −0.368 (−3.237)*** | 0.078 (−1.342) | −0.636 (−5.651)*** | 0.034 (2.994)*** | 0.70 (0.685) | 23 (0.000) |
| (6) | −0.558 (−4.517)*** | −0.051 (−1.781)* | −0.343 (−3.364)*** | −0.044 (−3.671)*** | 0.512 (0.498) | 9.75 (0.000) |
| (7) | −0.132 (−2.331)** | 0.005 (0.131) | −0.077 (−2.951)*** | −0.022 (−2.508)** | 0.70 (0.687) | 20.5 (0.000) |
| (8) | −0.273 (−3.844)*** | −0.002 (−0.117) | −0.248 (−3.628)*** | −0.026 (−2.922)** | 0.93 (0.911) | 117.2 (0.000) |
Table 6.
WLS estimation for types of farming in Group 1
Tabela 6. Estymacja WLS dla typów rolniczych w Grupie 1
| Type of farming / Typ rolniczy | Const (t-stats) | Ln%IAA (t-stats) | Ln%SUB (t-stats) | Ln%FC (t-stats) | R^2 (R^2 corr.) | F (p-value) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | −0.065 (−2.572)** | 0.028 (2.096)** | −0.143 (−6.226)*** | −0.049 (−10.4)*** | 0.95 (0.942) | 156.6 (0.000) |
| (2) | −0.085 (−6.786)*** | 0.133 (1.492) | −0.028 (−2.718)** | −0.067 (−7.654)*** | 0.94 (0.938) | 165.1 (0.000) |
| (3) | −0.054 (−0.341) | 0.471 (1.955)* | 0.072 (1.114) | −0.162 (−8.978)*** | 0.83 (0.826) | 30.2 (0.000) |
| (4) | −0.054 (−4.524)*** | 0.171 (12.99)*** | −0.054 (−7.474)*** | −0.087 (−21.58)*** | 0.96 (0.958) | 221.1 (0.000) |
| (5) | −0.165 (−9.844)*** | −0.050 (−3.166)*** | −0.169 (−11.98)*** | −0.300 (−6.925)*** | 0.95 (0.949) | 189.9 (0.000) |
| (6) | −0.176 (−16.79)*** | −0.064 (−5.989)*** | −0.270 (−13.59)*** | −0.013 (−3.540)*** | 0.97 (0.966) | 207.9 (0.000) |
| (7) | −.0112 (−7.476)*** | 0.023 (1.900)* | −0.062 (−5.973)*** | −0.054 (−10.77)*** | 0.96 (0.955) | 207.0 (0.000) |
| (8) | −0.109 (−8.225)*** | 0.011 (1.51) | −0.089 (−8.141)*** | −0.044 (−18.64)*** | 0.97 (0.965) | 292.7 (0.000) |