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Figure 7
Monthly variations in amino acid composition of R_ philippinarum (mg/100 g−1 dw, mean ± SD)
| Jul. 2017 | Aug. | Sep | Oct. | Nov. | Dec. | Jan.2018 | Feb. | Mar. | Apr. | May | Jun. | Mean | Summer | Autumn | Winter | Spring | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % Protein | 64.6 ± 0.4 | 64.8 ± 0.3 | 60.8 ± 0.2 | 64.0 ± 0.6 | 71.8 ± 0.3 | 72.9 ± 0.2 | 69.7 ± 0.6 | 67.9 ± 0.3 | 64.7 ± 0.4 | 64.4 ± 0.2 | 66.1 ± 0.0 | 62.7 ± 0.3 | 66.2 ± 0.2 | 64.0 ± 0.0 | 65.5 ± 0.2 | 70.2 ± 0.2 | 65.1 ± 0.2 |
| Histidine | 3.8 ± 0.1 | 4.4 ± 0.0 | 4.8 ± 0.0 | 5.2 ± 0.0 | 6.7 ± 0.0 | 2.9 ± 0.0 | 5.9 ± 0.1 | 10.7 ± 0.4 | 3.7 ± 0.1 | 8.6 ± 0.2 | 7.3 ± 0.0 | 5.5 ± 0.0 | 5.8 ± 0.1 | 4.6 ± 0.0 | 5.6 ± 0.0 | 6.5 ± 0.2 | 6.5 ± 0.1 |
| Isoleucine | 473.7 ± 6.3 | 920.4 ± 4.3 | 618.3 ± 5.9 | 587.5 ± 5.6 | 494.2 ± 2.3 | 405.1 ± 3.7 | 441.7 ± 5.9 | 746.8 ± 28.2 | 835.2 ± 18.2 | 720.6 ± 16.4 | 636.3 ± 2.9 | 710.7 ± 6.8 | 632.5 ± 7.9 | 701.7 ± 1.3 | 566.7 ± 2.0 | 531.2 ± 13.5 | 730.7 ± 8.4 |
| Leucine | 1004.3 ± 13.4 | 565.1 ± 2.6 | 347.3 ± 3.3 | 622.8 ± 6.0 | 758.9 ± 3.6 | 672.8 ± 6.2 | 686.8 ± 9.2 | 634.4 ± 23.9 | 893.0 ± 19.5 | 493.8 ± 11.3 | 616.2 ± 2.8 | 826.0 ± 7.9 | 676.8 ± 6.8 | 798.5 ± 5.4 | 576.3 ± 1.5 | 664.8 ± 9.5 | 667.7 ± 8.3 |
| Lycine | 3.1 ± 0.1 | 3.8 ± 0.0 | 2.3 ± 0.0 | 6.5 ± 0.1 | 8.2 ± 0.0 | 1.7 ± 0.0 | 3.9 ± 0.1 | 7.7 ± 0.4 | 3.0 ± 0.1 | 7.7 ± 0.3 | 4.6 ± 0.0 | 4.8 ± 0.1 | 4.8 ± 0.1 | 3.9 ± 0.0 | 5.7 ± 0.0 | 4.4 ± 0.2 | 5.1 ± 0.1 |
| Methionine | 56.5 ± 0.7 | 42.4 ± 0.2 | 92.5 ± 0.1 | 53.5 ± 0.5 | 32.9 ± 0.2 | 23.6 ± 0.1 | 18.4 ± 0.2 | 100.0 ± 3.8 | 65.8 ± 1.4 | 100.5 ± 2.3 | 57.9 ± 0.3 | 10.1 ± 0.1 | 54.5 ± 1.1 | 36.3 ± 0.3 | 59.6 ± 0.4 | 47.3 ± 2.1 | 74.7 ± 1.0 |
| Phenylalanine | 21.2 ± 0.3 | 11.6 ± 0.0 | 8.1 ± 0.1 | 12.6 ± 0.1 | 9.2 ± 0.00 | 14.4 ± 0.1 | 42.3 ± 0.6 | 19.3 ± 0.7 | 22.0 ± 0.5 | 11.2 ± 0.3 | 17.6 ± 0.1 | 19.0 ± 0.2 | 17.4 ± 0.2 | 17.3 ± 0.1 | 9.9 ± 0.0 | 25.3 ± 0.3 | 16.9 ± 0.2 |
| Throline | 6.4 ± 0.1 | 18.3 ± 0.1 | 19.8 ± 0.2 | 5.5 ± 0.0 | 4.1 ± 0.0 | 2.3 ± 0.0 | 1.8 ± 0.02 | 14.0 ± 0.5 | 8.3 ± 0.2 | 22.8 ± 0.5 | 9.6 ± 0.0 | 8.3 ± 0.1 | 10.1 ± 0.2 | 11.0 ± 0.0 | 9.8 ± 0.1 | 6.0 ± 0.3 | 13.6 ± 0.2 |
| Valine | 3.6 ± 0.1 | 5.42 ± 0.0 | 3.9 ± 0.0 | 4.9 ± 0.0 | 2.7 ± 0.0 | 4.8 ± 0.0 | 4.3 ± 0.06 | 5.0 ± 0.2 | 8.3 ± 0.2 | 10.0 ± 0.2 | 6.5 ± 0.0 | 7.1 ± 0.1 | 5.6 ± 0.1 | 5.4 ± 0.0 | 3.9 ± 0.0 | 4.7 ± 0.1 | 8.3 ± 0.1 |
| Triptofan | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.4 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.6 ± 0.0 | 8.2 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.00 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.4 ± 0.0 | 0.5 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 01.0 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 3.0 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.4 ± 0.0 |
| NEAA | Jul. | Aug. | Sep. | Oct. | Nov. | Dec. | Jan. | Feb. | Mar. | Apr. | May | Jun. | Mean | Summer | Autumn | Winter | Spring |
| Alanine | 10.8 ± 0.1 | 9.5 ± 0.0 | 8.8 ± 0.1 | 7.9 ± 0.1 | 22.2 ± 0.1 | 16.2 ± 0.1 | 12.2 ± 0.2 | 8.3 ± 0.3 | 8.8 ± 0.2 | 11.1 ± 0.2 | 9.7 ± 0.0 | 11.5 ± 0.11 | 11.4 ± 0.1 | 10.6 ± 0.0 | 12.9 ± 0.0 | 12.3 ± 0.1 | 9.8 ± 0.1 |
| Aspartic acid | 2.4 ± 0.0 | 2.6 ± 0.0 | 1.6 ± 0.0 | 1.7 ± 0.0 | 3.7 ± 0.0 | 1.2 ± 0.0 | 1.2 ± 0.0 | 2.1 ± 0.0 | 1.4 ± 0.0 | 2.0 ± 0.0 | 2.4 ± 0.0 | 1.2 ± 0.0 | 2.0 ± 0.0 | 2.0 ± 0.0 | 2.3 ± 0.0 | 1.5 ± 0.0 | 2.0 ± 0.0 |
| Glutamic acid | 5.1 ± 0.1 | 5.2 ± 0.0 | 4.0 ± 0.0 | 3.7 ± 0.0 | 6.2 ± 0.0 | 2.3 ± 0.0 | 3.8 ± 0.0 | 6.5 ± 0.2 | 3.2 ± 0.1 | 5.8 ± 0.1 | 6.0 ± 0.0 | 3.1 ± 0.0 | 4.6 ± 0.0 | 4.5 ± 0.0 | 4.6 ± 0.0 | 4.2 ± 0.1 | 45.0 ± 0.0 |
| Glycine | 4.5 ± 0.1 | 6.3 ± 0.0 | 12.4 ± 0.1 | 2.8 ± 0.0 | 9.6 ± 0.0 | 9.6 ± 0.0 | 3.3 ± 0.0 | 3.5 ± 0.1 | 3.5 ± 0.1 | 2.4 ± 0.0 | 1.3 ± 0.0 | 4.3 ± 0.0 | 5.3 ± 0.0 | 5.0 ± 0.0 | 8.3 ± 0.0 | 5.4 ± 0.0 | 2.4 ± 0.0 |
| Serine | 7.9 ± 0.1 | 24.0 ± 0.1 | 22.7 ± 0.22 | 33.5 ± 0.3 | 35.9 ± 0.2 | 11.1 ± 0.0 | 27.3 ± 0.4 | 6.9 ± 0.3 | 15.0 ± 0.3 | 14.5 ± 0.3 | 8.6 ± 0.0 | 20.4 ± 0.2 | 19.0 ± 0.1 | 17.4 ± 0.0 | 30.7 ± 0.1 | 15.1 ± 0.2 | 12.7 ± 0.2 |
| Tyrosine | 3.5 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.0 | 2.7 ± 0.0 | 7.1 ± 0.1 | 4.5 ± 0.0 | 3.6 ± 0.0 | 1.6 ± 0.0 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.0 | 8.7 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.0 | 4.1 ± 0.0 | 3.4 ± 0.1 | 2.8 ± 0.0 | 4.8 ± 0.0 | 2.3 ± 0.0 | 3.6 ± 0.1 |
| Pyroline | 7.3 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.0 | 8.3 ± 0.1 | 7.5 ± 0.1 | 3.2 ± 0.0 | 2.2 ± 0.0 | 1.1 ± 0.0 | 2.5 ± 0.1 | 2.2 ± 0.0 | 8.1 ± 0.2 | 2.5 ± 0.0 | 1.8 ± 0.0 | 4.0 ± 0.0 | 3.4 ± 0.0 | 6.4 ± 0.0 | 1.9 ± 0.0 | 4.3 ± 0.1 |
| Arginine | 76.5 ± 1.0 | 67.7 ± 0.3 | 108.5 ± 1.0 | 81.6 ± 0.8 | 62.7 ± 0.3 | 97.1 ± 0.4 | 98.8 ± 1.3 | 102.0 ± 3.8 | 106.3 ± 2.5 | 116.9 ± 2.7 | 78.3 ± 0.4 | 51.5 ± 0.5 | 87.3 ± 1.1 | 65.2 ± 0.4 | 84.3 ± 0.4 | 99.3 ± 1.8 | 100.5 ± 1.3 |
| EAA/NEAA | 13.33 | 13.40 | 6.49 | 8.90 | 8.95 | 7.87 | 8.07 | 11.51 | 13.00 | 8.12 | 12.35 | 16.28 | 10.29 | 14.22 | 8.04 | 9.08 | 10.87 |
Monthly variations in amino acid composition of R_ decussatus (mg/100 g−1 dw, mean ± SD)
| Jul. 2017 | Aug. | Sep. | Oct. | Nov. | Jan. 2018 | Feb. | Mar. | Apr. | May | Jun. | Mean. | Summer | Autumn | Winter | Spring | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % Protein | 65.1 ± 0.1 | 68.7 ± 0.0 | 67.4 ± 0.2 | 65.2 ± 0.1 | 78.5 ± 0.3 | 68.8 ± 0.2 | 69.7 ± 0.3 | 67.4 ± 0.2 | 63.4 ± 0.3 | 80.0 ± 0.0 | 64.1 ± 0.4 | 69.0 ± 0.1 | 66.0 ± 0.2 | 70.4 ± 0.1 | 69.2 ± 0.06 | 70.3 ± 0.2 |
| Histidine | 11.1 ± 0.1 | 11.0 ± 0:1 | 6.4 ± 0.1 | 10.1 ± 0.0 | 6.4 ± 0.0 | 3.0 ± 0.0 | 7.6 ± 0.1 | 7.0 ± 0.1 | 5.2 ± 0.0 | 3.8 ± 0.0 | 11.0 ± 0.2 | 7.5 ± 0.0 | 11.0 ± 0.1 | 7.6 ± 0.0 | 5.3 ± 0.03 | 5.3 ± 0.0 |
| Isoleucine | 491.5 ± 4.7 | 626.6 ± 3.1 | 491.3 ± 4 | 408.6 ± 1.9 | 624.4 ± 2.9 | 385.8 ± 3.6 | 700.0 ± 0.0 | 651.6 ± 6.0 | 278.9 ± 2.6 | 397.0 ± 1.9 | 325.8 ± 4.6 | 489.2 ± 1.7 | 481.3 ± 0.9 | 508.1 ± 1.4 | 542.9 ± 2.57 | 442.5 ± 2.2 |
| Leucine | 1141.9 ± 10.9 | 1139.0 ± 5.6 | 999.7 ± 9 | 883.3 ± 4.1 | 827.0 ± 3.8 | 747.4 ± 7.0 | 977.9 ± 9.1 | 602.6 ± 5.5 | 646.4 ± 6.1 | 668.9 ± 3.1 | 755.1 ± 10.6 | 853.6 ± 2.8 | 1,011.9 ± 3.0 | 903.3 ± 3.2 | 862.6 ± 1.4 | 639.3 ± 1.6 |
| Lycine | 7.7 ± 0.1 | 7.0 ± 0.0 | 4.9 ± 0.1 | 5.3 ± 0.0 | 4.9 ± 0.0 | 2.8 ± 0.0 | 6.1 ± 0.1 | 5.1 ± 0.1 | 4.1 ± 0.0 | 2.8 ± 0.0 | 5.9 ± 0.1 | 5.1 ± 0.0 | 6.9 ± 0.0 | 5.0 ± 0.0 | 4.4 ± 0.0 | 4.0 ± 0.0 |
| Methionine | 41.8 ± 0.4 | 72.3 ± 0.3 | 57.7 ± 0.5 | 50.6 ± 0.7 | 42.9 ± 0.6 | 19.4 ± 0.2 | 42.8 ± 0.2 | 44.7 ± 0.4 | 22.8 ± 0.2 | 35.6 ± 0.2 | 23.7 ± 0.3 | 41.3 ± 0.2 | 45.9 ± 0.0 | 50.4 ± 0.1 | 31.1 ± 0.0 | 34.3 ± 0.1 |
| Phenylalanine | 13.1 ± 0.1 | 36.2 ± 0.2 | 35.4 ± 0.3 | 30.0 ± 0.1 | 41.8 ± 0.2 | 13.0 ± 0.1 | 10.1 ± 0.1 | 5.3 ± 0.0 | 12.3 ± 0.1 | 16.7 ± 0.1 | 12.5 ± 0.2 | 20.6 ± 0.1 | 20.6 ± 0.0 | 35.7 ± 0.1 | 11.5 ± 0.0 | 11.4 ± 0.0 |
| Throline | 14.9 ± 0.1 | 48.9 ± 0.9 | 18.5 ± 0.2 | 30.5 ± 0.4 | 21.9 ± 0.3 | 2.0 ± 0.0 | 5.8 ± 0.0 | 5.6 ± 0.0 | 6.9 ± 0.1 | 10.3 ± 0.0 | 10.5 ± 0.1 | 16.0 ± 0.3 | 24.8 ± 0.4 | 23.7 ± 0.1 | 3.9 ± 0.0 | 7.6 ± 0.0 |
| Valine | 3.5 ± 0.0 | 8.9 ± 0.2 | 18.3 ± 0.2 | 12.0 ± 0.2 | 13.2 ± 0.2 | 4.0 ± 0.0 | 3.8 ± 0.0 | 2.1 ± 0.0 | 2.7 ± 0.0 | 1.9 ± 0.0 | 1.5 ± 0.0 | 6.5 ± 0.1 | 4.6 ± 0.1 | 14.5 ± 0.0 | 3.9 ± 0:0 | 2.2 ± 0.0 |
| Triptofan | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.5 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.8 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.4 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.4 ± 0.0 | 0.4 ± 0.0 |
| NEAA | Jul. | Aug. | Sep. | Oct. | Nov. | Jan. | Feb. | Mar. | Apr. | May | Jun. | Mean | Summer | Autumn | Winter | Spring |
| Alanine | 34.5 ± 0.3 | 45.2 ± 0.9 | 69.0 ± 0.6 | 46.3 ± 0.6 | 63.8 ± 0.9 | 6.5 ± 0.1 | 7.9 ± 0.0 | 18.0 ± 0.2 | 2.6 ± 0.0 | 13.5 ± 0.1 | 16.9 ± 0.2 | 29.5 ± 0.3 | 32.2 ± 0.3 | 59.7 ± 0.1 | 7.2 ± 0.0 | 11.4 ± 0.1 |
| Aspartic acid | 4.3 ± 0.0 | 1.4 ± 0.0 | 3.5 ± 0.0 | 3.9 ± 0.0 | 3.5 ± 0.0 | 0.7 ± 0.0 | 2.5 ± 0.0 | 2.8 ± 0.0 | 2.0 ± 0.0 | 4.5 ± 0.0 | 4.5 ± 0.1 | 3.1 ± 0.0 | 3.4 ± 0.0 | 3.6 ± 0.0 | 1.6 ± 0.0 | 3.1 ± 0.0 |
| Glutamic acid | 5.4 ± 0.0 | 4.2 ± 0.0 | 5.8 ± 0.0 | 9.4 ± 0.0 | 5.8 ± 0.0 | 1.3 ± 0.0 | 5.5 ± 0.0 | 6.4 ± 0.1 | 3.4 ± 0.0 | 2.2 ± 0.0 | 5.6 ± 0.0 | 5.0 ± 02 | 5.1 ± 0.0 | 7.0 ± 0.0 | 3.4 ± 0.0 | 4.0 ± 0.0 |
| Glycine | 10.9 ± 0.1 | 12.2 ± 0.2 | 23.3 ± 0.2 | 20.5 ± 0.3 | 24.8 ± 0.3 | 3.2 ± 0.0 | 3.0 ± 0.0 | 2.0 ± 0.0 | 2.8 ± 0.0 | 3.3 ± 0.0 | 3.6 ± 0.0 | 10.0 ± 0.1 | 8.9 ± 0.1 | 22.9 ± 0.1 | 3.1 ± 0.0 | 2.7 ± 0.0 |
| Serine | 28.4 ± 0.3 | 31.2 ± 0.6 | 26.9 ± 0.2 | 29.2 ± 0.4 | 23.4 ± 0.3 | 26.4 ± 0.2 | 21.6 ± 0.1 | 16.1 ± 0.1 | 6.1 ± 0.1 | 7.9 ± 0.0 | 10.8 ± 0.1 | 20.7 ± 0.2 | 23.5 ± 0.2 | 26.5 ± 0.1 | 24.00 ± 0. | 10.0 ± 0.1 |
| Tyrosine | 9.1 ± 0.1 | 18.8 ± 0.1 | 8.5 ± 0.1 | 6.7 ± 0.0 | 16.4 ± 0.1 | 2.3 ± 0.0 | 9.2 ± 0.1 | 2.3 ± 0.0 | 0.8 ± 0.0 | 4.8 ± 0.0 | 7.9 ± 0.1 | 7.9 ± 0.0 | 11.9 ± 0.0 | 10.5 ± 0.0 | 5.77 ± 0.1 | 2.6 ± 0.0 |
| Pyroline | 48.4 ± 0.5 | 26.4 ± 0.5 | 33.4 ± 0.3 | 49.7 ± 0.7 | 55.4 ± 0.8 | 3.0 ± 0.0 | 4.8 ± 0.0 | 0.8 ± 0.0 | 2.5 ± 0.0 | 3.8 ± 0.0 | 37.0 ± 0.5 | 24.1 ± 0.3 | 37.3 ± 0.0 | 46.2 ± 0.2 | 3.91 ± 0.0 | 2.4 ± 0.0 |
| Arginine | 77.8 ± 0.7 | 108.9 ± 2.1 | 84.5 ± 0.8 | 95.2 ± 1.3 | 115.9 ± 1.6 | 75.6 ± 0.7 | 87.7 ± 0.4 | 78.5 ± 0.7 | 32.9 ± 0.3 | 27.7 ± 0.1 | 48.3 ± 0.7 | 75.7 ± 0.6 | 78.3 ± 0.8 | 98.5 ± 0.4 | 81.6 ± 0.2 | 46.4 ± 0.3 |
| EAA/NEAA | 7.88 | 7.85 | 6.40 | 5.48 | 9.89 | 9.89 | 12.61 | 10.44 | 18.50 | 16.79 | 8.51 | 8.20 | 8.01 | 5.63 | 11.37 | 13.90 |
Freeze dried to wet meat conversation coefficients of R_ philippinarum and R_ decussatus
| R. decussatus | R. philippinarum | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Meat Yield (%) | CI | Moisture (%) | Wet meat conversation coefficient | Meat Yield (%) | CI | Moisture (%) | Wet meat conversation coefficient |
| Jul. 2017 | 22.23 | 9.61 | 79.90 | 0.20 | 21.75 | 7.08 | 79.93 | 0.20 |
| Aug. | 22.53 | 9.45 | 80.01 | 0.20 | 17.70 | 6.87 | 79.66 | 0.20 |
| Sep. | 21.25 | 9.79 | 78.57 | 0.21 | 16.60 | 6.29 | 79.51 | 0.20 |
| Oct. | 26.04 | 10.63 | 81.34 | 0.19 | 16.74 | 5.42 | 82.94 | 0.17 |
| Nov. | 22.70 | 9.61 | 80.49 | 0.20 | 19.03 | 7.23 | 80.89 | 0.19 |
| Dec. | 22.45 | 8.51 | 83.06 | 0.17 | 21.02 | 7.31 | 81.55 | 0.18 |
| Jan. 2018 | 26.97 | 10.06 | 83.38 | 0.17 | 24.37 | 7.89 | 82.82 | 0.17 |
| Feb. | 23.92 | 9.90 | 80.69 | 0.19 | 18.64 | 6.97 | 80.97 | 0.19 |
| Mar. | 25.95 | 10.38 | 81.99 | 0.18 | 21.14 | 9.25 | 78.15 | 0.22 |
| Apr. | 26.11 | 12.69 | 77.67 | 0.22 | 22.95 | 10.00 | 78.26 | 0.22 |
| May | 24.26 | 10.94 | 79.46 | 0.21 | 20.93 | 8.21 | 79.77 | 0.20 |
| Jun. | 30.96 | 13.37 | 79.93 | 0.20 | 14.28 | 8.48 | 78.33 | 0.20 |