The Assessment of Health Risk from Heavy Metals with Water Indices for Irrigation and the Portability of Munzur Stream: A Case Study of the Ovacık Area (Ramsar Site), Türkiye Cover

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The Assessment of Health Risk from Heavy Metals with Water Indices for Irrigation and the Portability of Munzur Stream: A Case Study of the Ovacık Area (Ramsar Site), Türkiye

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

Volume 52 (2023): Issue 1 (March 2023)

By: Banu Kutlu and Ali Sarıgül

Open Access

|Mar 2023

Figures & Tables

The location of stations on Munzur Stream

Temporal and spatial change of HPI and HEI values in Munzur Stream

Correlation coefficient matrix

	pH	EC	TDS	Alk	TH	Cl	DO	Ca	Mg	Mn	Cu	Cd	Pb	Ni	Zn	As
pH	1
EC	0.13
TDS	0.09	0.76**
Alk	0.62*	0.06	0.88**
TH	−0.46	0.88**	0.18	0.68
Cl	−0.07	−0.29	−0.57*	−0.54*	−0.48
DO	0.18	−0.24	−0.16	−0.18	−0.31	0.65*
Ca	0.58	0.32	0.60*	0.97**	0.24	0.23	0.00
Mg	0.46	0.29	0.36	0.59*	0.14	0.88**	0.67**	0.20
Mn	0.89**	0.76**	0.47	0.50*	0.46	0.52*	0.16	0.34	0.51*
Cu	0.44	0.85**	0.11	0.63*	0.49	0.86**	0.53*	0.56*	0.34	0.01
Cd	0.90**	0.65**	0.03	0.6	0.17	0.08	0.10	0.05	0.13	0.55*	0.32
Pb	0.89**	0.83**	0.12	0.59	0.54	0.36	0.40	0.33	0.68**	0.23	0.15	0.33
Ni	0.48	0.48	0.23	0.22	0.26	0.86**	0.72	0.84**	0.49	0.00	0.00	0.39	0.65*
Zn	0.51*	0.52*	0.74**	0.99**	0.83**	0.64*	0.63*	0.41	0.75**	0.25	0.01	0.85**	0.91**	0.08
As	0.50*	0.99**	0.09	0.38	0.40	0.67**	0.30	0.29	0.51	0.01	0.0	0.4	0.01	0.02	0.10	1

Varimax rotated component matrix for selected variables

	PC1	PC2	PC3	PC4	PC5
pH	0.07	0.21	−0.43	−0.14	0.28
EC	0.10	−0.31	0.42	−0.02	0.03
TDS	0.30	−0.05	−0.42	−0.07	−0.08
Alk	0.19	−0.17	0.29	−0.47	0.27
TH	0.24	−0.32	0.29	−0.01	−0.04
Cl	−0.15	0.31	0.23	0.40	−0.05
DO	0.031	0.40	0.22	−0.04	−0.28
Ca	−0.01	−0.42	−0.18	0.27	0.12
Mg	0.19	−0.18	0.01	0.54	−0.29
Mn	0.33	0.17	0.21	0.11	−0.05
Cu	0.39	0.15	−0.04	0.13	0.09
Cd	0.25	−0.28	−0.27	0.11	−0.14
Pb	−0.27	−0.07	0.07	0.29	0.54
Ni	0.36	0.06	0.10	0.10	0.36
Zn	0.20	0.23	0.00	0.24	0.41
As	0.40	0.16	0.01	−0.08	−0.09
Eigenvalues	5.30	4.20	2.33	1.62	1.29
% of variance	33.17	26.27	14.52	10.14	8.11
Cumulative	33.17	59.44	74.03	84.17	92.28

Toxicological parameters of selected metals used for health risk assessment (USEPA 2004, Wang et al_ 2017)

	Units	Mean	Min.	Max	WHO (2011)	TSWQR*
pH		9.01 ± 0.38	8.27	9.45	7.5	III
T	°C	9.15 ± 2.05	5.2	14.8		I
DO		8.33 ± 0.55	8	9.67		I
EC	µS c⁻¹	324 ± 79.5	202.4	467	2500	I
TDS	mg l⁻¹	80.7 ± 44.75	20.3	138.4	600	I
TH	mg l⁻¹	26.6 ± 584	19	34.87	100	I
Salinity		0.16 ± 0.09	0.07	0.34		-
ORP		324 ± 79	202.4	467		-
NO₂-N	mg l⁻¹	0.14 ± 0.0.11	0.002	0.035	0.9	IV
NO₃-N		0.12 ± 0.1	0.03	0.34		I
Si₂		2430 ± 1449	4437	520		I
TP		0.718 ± 0.5	1.87	0.13		III
Ca	mg l⁻¹	142.2 ± 57.6	218.5	54.75	75
Mg		125.7 ± 39.2	184.2	69.9	50
Na		4.04	1.85	6.74	200	I
Al	µg l⁻¹	50.5 ± 122.6	4	372	200	I
Cr		9 ± 4.08	2.8	6.6	50	I
Mn		0.04 ± 0.012	0.02	0.04	400	I
Fe		31.55 ± 63.54	10	201	300	I
Co		0.04 ± 0.04	0.02	0.16	50	I
Ni		0.75 ± 0.1	0.2	3	70	I
Cu		0.9 ± 0.72	0.4	2.8	2000	I
Zn		2.07 ± 1.53	0.5	6.0	3000	I
As		0.68 ± 0.65	0.2	2.3	10	I
Cd		6.88 ± 0.60	6.0	8.0	3	III
Hg		0.07 ± 0.02	0.06	0.1		I
Pb		12.44 ± 5.81	2.2	21.5	10	II

Health risk assessment for metals in water, for adults and children via ingestion and dermal intake

Metal	Adult	Child	Adult	Child	Adult	Child
Metal	HQIngestion		HQdermal		HI
Pb	0.029704	0.02970367	0.02970367	0.02970367	0.059407	0.059407
Cd	0.019657	0.000736	0.00137211	0.003036	0.021029	0.003772
Fe	1.8E-05	1.2032E-06	2.0028E-06	4.4317E-06	2E-05	5.63E-06
Cu	0.000366	0.00218424	8.9299E-05	0.000199759	0.000456	0.002382
Zn	3.94E-05	0.00022229	1.5541E-05	3.4386E-05	5.5E-05	0.000257
Ni	4.29E-05	0.000288	0.00016779	3.7125E-05	0.000211	0.000325
Hg	0.000533	3.7333E-05	3.551E-05	7.857E-05	0.000569	0.000116
Total	1.8E-05	1.2032E-06	2.0028E-06	4.4314E-06	0.031368	0.027927

Temporal and spatial variation values of the irrigation water quality indices of Munzur Stream

Station	WQI	MH	Na%	SAR	PI	RSC	IWQI
S1	37	26.16	43.71	0.01	5.49	−216.22	2.28
S2	46	23.37	51.11	0.01	5.23	251.17	2.86
S3	50	24.48	50.60	0.01	5.29	251.75	3.13
S4	38	26.77	45.96	0.01	5.44	238.75	2.38
S5	37	25.14	49.13	0.02	4.98	−334.89	2.31
S6	36	22.48	53.87	0.03	6.84	−229.35	2.25
S7	40	23.54	52.07	0.02	5.95	−264.60	2.47
S8	40	22.48	53.78	0.04	6.60	−278.37	2.47
S9	44	25.01	48.75	0.04	7.32	−24914	2.75
Mean	40.8	24.38	49.88	0.02	5.91	−257.14	2.25

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26881/oahs-2023.1.09 | Journal eISSN: 1897-3191 | Journal ISSN: 1730-413X

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Language: English

Page range: 111 - 123

Submitted on: Aug 11, 2022

Accepted on: Dec 6, 2022

Published on: Mar 20, 2023

Published by: University of Gdańsk

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

Keywords:

Drinking and irrigation water quality Munzur Stream,

water quality index,

Related subjects:

Chemistry, other,

Geosciences, other,

Life sciences, other

© 2023 Banu Kutlu, Ali Sarıgül, published by University of Gdańsk
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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