Morphometric variation of Spicara flexuosum Rafinesque, 1810 (Teleostei: Sparidae) inhabiting the Sea of Marmara, the Aegean and the Mediterranean Coast of Türkiye Cover

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Morphometric variation of Spicara flexuosum Rafinesque, 1810 (Teleostei: Sparidae) inhabiting the Sea of Marmara, the Aegean and the Mediterranean Coast of Türkiye

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

Volume 52 (2023): Issue 1 (March 2023)

By: Asli Şalcıoğlu

Open Access

|Mar 2023

Figures & Tables

Sampling locations of Spicara flexuosum

Morphometric characters of S. flexuosum. A) Original specimen collected from this study. B) The fish photo is modified by Iglésias (2014). Abbreviations in the photos are defined in the text.

Cluster analysis based on the Euclidean distance method for S. flexuosum populations from eight morphometric characteristics

Principal component diagram based on the ratio of the morphometric traits for S. flexuosum populations from each location

Principal component loadings scores, Eigen values and variance based on the relative ratio of each morphometric trait

	PC1	PC2	PC3	PC4
Eigenvalues	0.00373899	0.00175425	0.00546240	0.000181664
Variance (%)	60.101	28.198	8.7805	2.9201
Character
HL/SL	−0.063376	0.016927	0.050071	0.3927
HH/SL	0.21956	−0.090208	−0.21436	0.39744
HH/HL	0.1363	0.28853	0.55127	0.23751
MBH2/SL	0.027696	0.22781	−0.13991	0.24869
TL/MBH1	−0.25438	−0.2234	0.3019	−0.60892
HL/ED	0.54835	0.039031	0.60801	−0.030984
MBH2/HH	0.2144	0.81048	−0.27264	−0.38802
HL/IO	0.71907	−0.38488	−0.30481	−0.21743

Measurements of eight morphometric characters and their standard deviations of S_ flexuosum among five locations

	HL	HH	MBH1	MBH2	SL	TL	ED	IO
Istanbul	3.88 ± 0.55	3.25 ± 0.44	3.99 ± 0.47	3.66 ± 0.45	13.28 ± 1.55	15.66 ± 1.63	1.22 ± 0.17	1.10 ± 0.15
Yalova	3.25 ± 0.35	3.09 ± 0.23	4.25 ± 0.33	3.95 ± 0.26	12.67 ± 0.63	15.88 ± 0.81	0.88 ± 0.04	0.89 ± 0.03
Mersin	2.92 ± 0.36	2.58 ± 0.30	3.34 ± 0.22	3.21 ± 0.26	11.11 ± 0.66	13.05 ± 0.80	1.00 ± 0.05	1.00 ± 0.05
Izmir	2.75 ± 0.17	2.44 ± 0.11	3.11 ± 0.13	3.01 ± 0.13	10.86 ± 0.52	12.90 ± 0.60	0.88 ± 0.04	0.89 ± 0.02
Antalya	2.74 ± 0.22	2.42 ± 0.17	3.03 ± 0.26	2.85 ± 0.20	10.52 ± 0.66	12.76 ± 0.43	0.88 ± 0.04	0.85 ± 0.06

Principal component loadings scores, Eigen values and variance based on eight morphometric traits

	PC1	PC2	PC3	PC4
Eigenvalues	0.018318	0,00413467	0.00041466	0.00034135
Variance (%)	80.001	18.044	1.8096	0.14582
Character
HL	0.47363	0.20971	−0.54221	−0.54121
HH	0.42562	−0.095071	−0.19134	0.44293
MBH1	0.44763	−0.33877	0.22099	−0.36621
MBH2	0.38956	−0.34459	0.47519	−0.058186
SL	−7.2803E-17	5.8203E-16	−5.503E-15	5.352E-15
TL	0.32853	−0.21941	−0.22798	0.58388
ED	0.2943	0.65851	0.00334703	0.17156
IO	0.21877	0.48136	0.58547	0.055326

The ratio of morphometric characters and their standard deviations of S_ flexuosum among five locations

		HL/SL	HH/SL	HH/HL	MBH2/SL	TL/MBH1	HL/ED	MBH2/HH	HL/IO
Istanbul	0.29 ± 0.02	0.24 ± 0.02	0.84 ± 0.07	0.27 ± 0.01	3.93 ± 0.18	3.20 ± 0.35	1.13 ± 0.09	3.54 ± 0.10
Yalova	0.25 ± 0.02	0.24 ± 0.01	0.95 ± 0.07	0.31 ± 0.01	3.74 ± 0.21	3.67 ± 0.48	1.28 ± 0.10	3.67 ± 0.49
Mersin	0.26 ± 0.02	0.23 ± 0.01	0.89 ± 0.09	0.28 ± 0.01	3.90 ± 0.15	2.92 ± 0.34	1.25 ± 0.10	2.92 ± 0.34
Izmir	0.25 ± 0.01	0.22 ± 0.01	0.89 ± 0.31	0.27 ± 0.01	4.15 ± 0.23	3.10 ± 0.19	1.23 ± 0.06	3.08 ± 0.21
Antalya	0.26 ± 0.01	0.23 ± 0.01	0.88 ± 0.05	0.27 ± 0.01	4.22 ± 0.33	3.10 ± 0.23	1.04 ± 0.07	3.23 ± 0.27

Classification matrix (percentage) based on the discriminant function analysis of five S_ flexuosum populations from Turkish coastal waters

Population	Predicted group membership
Population	Istanbul	Yalova	Mersin	Izmir	Antalya
Istanbul	100	-	-	-	-
Yalova	-	96.2	-	-	-
Mersin	-	-	99.0		-
Izmir	-	3.8	-	100	3.5
Antalya	-	-	1.00	-	96.5

Coordinates of the studied locations, sampling dates, fishing methods features and sampling depth, number of the samples and minimum and maximum length of S_ flexuosum populations in the Marmara Sea, Aegean Sea and the Eastern Mediterranean

Locations	Longitude and latitude	Sampling date	Fishing methods (features and depth)	Number of the samples	Minimum Maximum Total Length (cm)
Istanbul(Marmara Sea)	40.5382480º N29.4102180º E	23.02.2014	Handline fishing(30 m)	23	11.04 – 17.22
Mersin(Eastern Mediterranean)	36.333359º N34.162964º E	23.06.2014	Bottom trawl net(20–100 m)	20	11.5 – 14.5
Antalya(Eastern Mediterranean)	36.836517º N30.836772º E	12.10.2014	Bottom trawl net(40 m)	21	12 – 13.5
Izmir(Aegean Sea)	38.4051556º N26.8099964º E	14.11.2014	Bottom trawl net(30 m)	22	11.9 – 14.5
Yalova (Armutlu)(Marmara Sea)	40.4934567º N28.7786335º E	05.09.2015	Handline fishing(20 m)	30	13.4 – 17.27

Parameters of the morphometric regression, equation and correlation coefficient

Morphometric ratio	Regression equation	R2
HL/SL	Y = 2.105x + 5.1944	0.702
HH/SL	Y = 2.7095x + 4.2273	0.736
MBH2/SL	Y = 2.3681x + 3.7576	0.756
MBH2/HH	Y = 0.7313x + 0.3787	0.679
TL/MBH1	Y = 2.6683x + 4.5953	0.838
HL/HH	Y = 0.6717x + 0.6866	0.712

Descriptive statistics and variation coefficient of each morphometric characters of S_ flexuosum

Metric characters	Min.	Max.	Mean	SD	SE	VC
SL	9.03	16.1	11.79	1.39	0.13	11.84
HH	2.05	4.12	2.79	0.44	0.04	15.8
HL	2.34	4.55	3.13	0.56	0.05	17.7
MBH1	2.7	5.1	3.608	0.59	0.06	16.41
MBH2	2.5	4.6	3.39	0.51	0.05	15.1
ED	0.8	1.55	0.97	0.15	0.01	16.13
IO	0.7	1.47	0.93	0.12	0.01	13.2
TL	11.04	17.27	14.22	1.72	0.16	12.13
HH/HL	0.7	1.12	0.89	0.08	0.01	9.08
MBH2/SL	0.24	0.36	0.28	0.02	0.001	7.34
TL/MBH1	3.2	4.93	3.98	0.28	0.02	7.27
HL/ED	2.5	5	3.25	0.44	0.04	13.56
HL/SL	0.21	0.33	0.26	0.02	0.002	9.5
HH/SL	0.2	0.29	0.23	0.01	0.001	8.01
MBH2/HH	0.93	1.5	1.22	0.10	0.009	8.41
HL/IO	2.5	5	3.330	0.478	0.044	14.37

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26881/oahs-2023.1.03 | Journal eISSN: 1897-3191 | Journal ISSN: 1730-413X

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Language: English

Page range: 41 - 51

Submitted on: Nov 28, 2022

Accepted on: Feb 13, 2023

Published on: Mar 18, 2023

Published by: University of Gdańsk

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

Keywords:

Turkish Straits System,

principal component analysis,

Related subjects:

Chemistry, other,

Geosciences, other,

Life sciences, other

© 2023 Asli Şalcıoğlu, published by University of Gdańsk
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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