Have a personal or library account? Click to login
The European Union’s sanctions mechanism against Belarus as an instrument of small EU member state political influence: a case study of Latvia Cover

The European Union’s sanctions mechanism against Belarus as an instrument of small EU member state political influence: a case study of Latvia

Open Access
|Jun 2025

References

  1. Beltrán, Luis, Maestro, Javier, Salo-Lee, Liisa. (eds). (2002). ‘Small States in the European Union: A Theoretical Approach’, in European Peripheries in Interaction: the Nordic Countries and the Iberian Peninsula, Universidad de Alcalá, Spain: Servicio de Publicaciones, pp. 51–69. ISBN 84-8138-5042.
  2. Council Decision 2012/642/CFSP, concerning restrictive measures against Belarus. (2012). Official Journal of the European Union, L 285, 1.
  3. Eiropas Savienības Padome. (23 February 2018). Baltkrievija: ES uz gadu pagarina ieroču wembargo un sankcijas pret 4 personām. Eiropas Savienības Padome. https://www.consilium.europa.eu/lv/press/press-releases/2018/02/23/belarus-eu-prolongs-arms-embargo-and-sanctions-against-4-individuals-for-one-year/pdf. Accessed: 01 February 2025.
  4. European Council of the European Union. (24 February 2025). EU sanctions against Belarus. European Council of the European Union. https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/sanctions-against-belarus/. Accessed: 01 February 2025.
  5. European Union. (16 December 2024). Regime Information on Sanctions, Belarus: European Union, https://www.sanctionsmap.eu/api/v1/pdf/regime?id[]=2&lang=en. Accessed: 04 February 2025.
  6. Hey, Jeanne A.K. (ed). (2003). ‘Introducing small state foreign policy’, in Small States in World Politics: Explaining Foreign Policy Behavior, Boulder, London: Lynne Rienner Publishers, pp. 5–6. ISBN 1555879438.
  7. Ingebritsen, C., Neumann, I.B., Gstöhl, S., Beyer, J. (eds). (2006). Small states in international relations, Seattle: University of Washington Press, pp. 3–36. ISBN 9780295985244.
  8. Karns, M.P., Mingst, K.A. (2010). International Organizations: The Politics and Processes of Global Governance, Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
  9. Kolyako, N. (2 March 2012). Daniels Pavluts doubts whether economic sanctions against Belarus will achieve their purpose. The Baltic Course. http://www.baltic-course.com/eng/analytics/?doc=54005. Accessed: 09 February 2025.
  10. Korovenkova, T. (25 August 2015). EU Needs to Review Policy of Sanctions against Belarus, Latvian FOREIGN MINISTER SAys. Belorusskaja informacionnaja kompanija. http://belapan.com/archive/2015/08/25/en_25081207b/. Accessed: 09 February 2025.
  11. Kursiša, G. (26 March 2012). Sankcijas pret Baltkrieviju radīs vismaz 20 milj.Ls zaudējumu gadā. Dienas Bizness. https://www.db.lv/zinas/sankcijas-pret-baltkrieviju-radis-vismaz-20-milj-ls-zaudejumu-gada-253844. Accessed: 17 April 2025.
  12. Latvijas Investīciju un attīstības aģentūra. (2014). Ielādēts no Latvijas ekonomiskā sadarbība ar Baltkrieviju. Latvijas Investīciju un attīstības aģentūra. http://www.liaa.gov.lv/files/liaa/attachments/2014.04_lv_baltkrievija_ekon_sad.pdf. Accessed: 01 February 2025.
  13. Latvijas Republikas Ārlietu ministrija. (2012a). Ārlietu ministra ikgadējais ziņojums par paveikto un iecerēto darbību valsts ārpolitikā un Eiropas Savienībā. Latvijas Republikas Ārlietu ministrija. https://www.mfa.gov.lv/images/archive/data/file/Arpolitikas_zinojuma_projekts.pdf. Accessed: 10 February 2025.
  14. Latvijas Republikas Ārlietu ministrija. (23 March 2012b). Tiek pieņemti ES ierobežojošie pasākumi pret atsevišķiem Baltkrievijas uzņēmējiem. Latvijas Republikas Ārlietu ministrija. https://www.mfa.gov.lv/aktualitates/zinas/31794-tiek-pienemti-es-ierobezojosie-pasakumi-pret-atseviskiem-baltkrievijas-uznemejiem. Accessed: 09 February 2025.
  15. Latvijas Republikas Ārlietu ministrija. (19 November 2013). Par Eiropas Savienības sankciju pret Baltkrieviju piemērošanu Latvijā. Latvijas Republikas Ārlietu ministrija. http://www.mfa.gov.lv/data/file/19112013_par_es_sankciju_piemerosanu_pret_baltkrieviju.pdf. Accessed: 09 February 2025.
  16. Latvijas Republikas Ārlietu ministrija. (2015). Ārlietu ministra ikgadējais ziņojums par paveikto un iecerēto darbību valsts ārpolitikā un Eiropas Savienībā. Latvijas Republikas Ārlietu ministrija. https://www.mfa.gov.lv/images/File/zinojums_2015.pdf. Accessed: 09 February 2025.
  17. Latvijas Republikas Ārlietu ministrija. (28 August 2016). Austrumu partnerības Rīgas samits. Latvijas Republikas Ārlietu ministrija. https://www.mfa.gov.lv/arpolitika/austrumu-partneriba/austrumu-partneribas-rigas-samits. Accessed: 09 February 2025.
  18. Latvijas Republikas Ministru Kabinets. (19 July 2018). Ministru prezidents tiekas ar Baltkrievijas ārlietu ministru. Latvijas Republikas Ministru Kabinets. https://www.mk.gov.lv/lv/aktualitates/ministru-prezidents-tiekas-ar-baltkrievijas-arlietu-ministru. Accessed: 09 February 2025.
  19. Latvijas Sabiedriskie Mediji. (27 February 2012). Latvija un Slovēnija bloķē ES sankcijas pret Baltkrieviju. Latvijas Sabiedriskie Mediji. https://www.lsm.lv/raksts/zinas/arzemes/latvija-un-slovenija-bloke-es-sankcijas-pret-baltkrieviju.a30933/. Accessed: 10 February 2025.
  20. Lihtens, K. (2 March 2013). Lembergs: Latvija nedrīkst pievienoties ekonomiskajām sankcijām pret Baltkrieviju. LETA. https://www.leta.lv/archive/browse/?_=1&s=Lembergs+Baltkrievija…. Accessed: 10 February 2025.
  21. Livdanska, B., Bukovskis, K. (2024). Status Seeking by Small States: The Case of Lithuania and the EU’s Policy. Romanian Journal of European Affairs, 24 (2). 55–70. http://rjea.ier.gov.ro/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/RJEA_vol.24_no.2_Dec-2024.pdf
  22. Panke, D. (2010). Small States in the European Union: Coping with Structural Disadvantages, Surrey: Ashgate.
  23. Petrova, A. (4 March 2012). Latvian MFA: Sanctions against Belarus cannot Affect Economies of EU Members. The Baltic Course. http://www.baltic-course.com/eng/baltic_states_cis/?doc=54030. Accessed: 01 February 2025.
  24. Pryce, P. (23 May 2013). Latvia-Belarus Relations: the Role of Trust. Latvian Institute of International Affairs. http://www.lai.lv/viedokli/latvia-belarus-relations-the-role-of-trust-290
  25. Tamuļeviča, Dž. (27 March 2012). Ja vien Lukašenko nesitīs pretī. Diena. https://www.diena.lv/raksts/sodien-laikraksta/ja-vien-lukasenko-nesitis-preti-13938864. Accessed: 09 February 2025.
  26. The Baltic Times. (15 February 2016). Sanctions on Belarus unlikely to be extended, says Linkevicius. The Baltic Times. https://www.baltictimes.com/sanctions_on_belarus_unlikely_to_be_extended__says_linkevicius/. Accessed: 09 February 2025.
  27. Thorhallsson, B., Wivel, A. (2006). Small States in the European Union: What Do We Know and What Would We Like To Know. Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 19 (4). 652–659. https://doi.org/10.1080/09557570601003502
  28. Vital, D. (1967). The Inequality of States; A Study of the Small Power in International Relations, Oxford: Clarendon Press, ISBN: 0198271670.
  29. Workman, D. (9 June 2022). Belarus Top Trading Partners. World’s Top Exports. https://www.worldstopexports.com/belarus-top-15-import-partners/. Accessed: 01 February 2025.
Language: English
Page range: 57 - 62
Published on: Jun 14, 2025
Published by: Riga Stradins University
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 3 issues per year

© 2025 Beāte Livdanska, Toms Rātfelders, published by Riga Stradins University
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.