References
- Ashwini Kumar Upadhyay v. Union of India 2023 LiveLaw (Del) 247
- Kiambu County Government v. Robert N. Gakuru Civil Appeal No. 200 of 2014 decided on 30 June 2017 (Court of Appeal, Kenya)
- Mohinder Singh Gill v. Chief Election Commissioner, New Delhi (1978) 1 SCC 405
- PUCL v. Union of India (2013) 10 SCC 1
- Rajeev Suri v. Delhi Development Authority, Transferred case (Civil) No. 230 of 2020. Retrieved from: https://main.sci.gov.in/supremecourt/2020/8430/8430_2020_34_1501_25340_Judgement_05-Jan-2021.pdf [accessed 12 April 2024]
- AEC (2019), ‘Electoral backgrounder: Compulsory voting’, Australian Election Commission. Retrieved from: https://www.aec.gov.au/about_aec/publications/backgrounders/compulsory-voting.htm [accessed 8 April 2024]
- Appendix G-Countries with Compulsory Voting, Parliament of Australia. Retrieved from: https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Joint/Completed_Inquiries/em/elect04/appendixg [accessed 16 April 2024]
- Birch, S. (2009), ‘Full participation: A comparative study of compulsory voting’, United Nations University Press. Retrieved from: https://archive.unu.edu/unupress/sample-chapters/full_participation_web.pdf [accessed 16 April 2024]
- Chauhan, N. (2019), ‘Is compulsory voting the way forward? A comparative analysis’, Indian Law Institute Law Review, Summer Issue
- Chauhan, N. (2019), ‘Making the case for compulsory voting’, The Statesman. Retrieved from: https://www.thestatesman.com/opinion/making-case-compulsory-voting-1502755206.html [accessed 2 February 2024]
- Dahl, R. A. (1998), On democracy, New Haven: Yale University Press
- Douglas, A. (2008), ‘Is the right to vote really fundamental?’, Cornell Journal of Law and Public Policy, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 143-201
- Dwivedi, G. (2024), ‘2024: A Defining Year For Global Democracy With Elections In Over 64 Countries’, NDTV World. Retrieved from: https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/2024-a-defining-year-for-global-democracy-with-elections-in-over-64-countries-5012806 [accessed 23 May 2024]
- Election Commission of India (ECI) (2019), ‘State wise voters turn out’, Lok Sabha Elections. Retrieved from: https://hindi.eci.gov.in/files/file/10092-12-state-wise-voters-turn-out/?do=download&r=24793&confirm=1&t=1&csrfKey=5dff1075adde3ba33d8c3c7ee110ce0a [accessed 20 January 2024]
- Engelen, B. (2007), ‘Why Compulsory Voting can Enhance Democracy’, Acta Politica, Vol. 42
- Express News Service (27 April 2024), ‘LS Poll Phase 2: Another dip, 64%: Turnout sluggish in Maharashtra, Bihar, UP; voting ends in Kerala & Rajasthan’, The Indian Express. Retrieved from: https://indianexpress.com/elections/ls-poll-phase-2-another-dip-64-turnout-sluggish-in-maharashtra-bihar-up-voting-ends-in-kerala-rajasthan-9293003/ [accessed 27 April 2024]
- Hill, L. (2004), ‘Compulsory voting in Australia: A basis for a ‘Best Practice’ regime’, Federal Law Review, Vol. 22. Retrieved from: http://classic.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/FedLawRw/2004/22.html#Heading4 [accessed 18 April 2024]
- Hill, L., & Louth, J. (2004), ‘Compulsory voting laws and turnout: Efficacy and appropriateness’, Refereed paper presented to the Australasian Political Studies Association Conference University of Adelaide. Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237134531_Compulsory_Voting_Laws_and_Turnout_Efficacy_and_Appropriateness [accessed 18 April 2024]
- Jayadevan, V. R. (2022). ‘Heracles cleansing the augean stables: A saga of judicial supervision over the democratic process in India’, Journal of Indian Law Institute, Vol. 64
- Johns, G. (1998), ‘Does compulsory voting distort electoral outcomes’, Agenda, Vol. 5, No.3
- Kamath, N. A. (2016), ‘“I Voted”: Examining the impact of compulsory voting on voter turnout’, CMC Senior Theses, Paper 1286. Retrieved from: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1286 [accessed 18 April 2024]
- Khorakiwala, R. (2014), ‘The Indian electoral process and negative voting’, The Law Review, Government Law College, Vol. 8
- Kostelka, F., Singh, S., & Blais, A. (2022), ‘Is compulsory voting a solution to low and declining turnout? Cross-national evidence since 1945’, Political Science Research and Methods, p. 2. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2022.57 [accessed 17 April 2024]
- Kumar, S. ‘People as Voters’. Retrieved from: https://www.india-seminar.com/2022/756/756-04%20SANJAY%20KUMAR.htm
- Kumar, Y. (2017), ‘A critical analysis of the Gujarat Local Authorities Laws (Amendment) Act, 2009 - W.R.T. Compulsory Voting’, National Law Institute University Law Review, Vol. 6, No. 1
- Kużelewska, K. (2016), ‘Compulsory voting in belgium: A few remarks on mandatory voting’, Białostockie Studia Prawnicze 20/A. Retrieved from: 10.15290/bsp.2016.20A.03 [accessed 17 April 2024]
- Lardy, H. (2004), ‘Is there a right not to vote?’, Oxford Journal of Legal Studies, Vol. 24, No.2
- Lever, A. (2009), ‘Compulsory voting: A critical perspective’, LSE Research Online. Retrieved from: http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/23098/1/Compulsory_voting%28LSERO%29.pdf [accessed 14 April 2024]
- Lijphart, A. (1997), ‘Unequal participation: democracy’s unresolved dilemma’, American Political Science Review, Vol. 19, No. 1, p. 10. Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2952255 [accessed 12 April 2024]
- Lijphart, A. (1998), ‘The problem of low and unequal voter turnout-and what we can do about it’, Political Science Series, Vol. 54
- Lundell, K. (2012), ‘Civic participation and political trust: The impact of compulsory voting’, Representation, Vol. 48, No. 2. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2012.683488 [accessed 18 April 2024]
- Mackerras, M., & McAllister, I. (1999), ‘Compulsory voting, party stability and electoral advantage in Australia’, Electoral Studies, Vol. 18, No. 2. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-3794(98)00047-X [accessed 13 April 2024]
- Manin, B. (1997), The Principles of Representative Government, Cambridge University Press
- Mariam, J. and Demetrashvili, S. (2023), ‘The concept and main patterns of compulsory voting’, Constitutional and Legal Academic Studies, p. 69. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.24144/2663-5399.2023.1.09 [accessed 20 April 2024]
- Mount, F. (2006), ‘The power inquiry: Making politics breathe’, Open Democracy. Retrieved from: https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/power_inquiry_3310jsp/ [accessed 17 April 2024]
- Nath, D. (20 April 2024), ‘62% voter turnout in 102 constituencies as Phase One of Decision 2024 ends’, The Indian Express. Retrieved from: https://indianexpress.com/elections/62-voter-turnout-in-102-constituencies-as-phase-one-of-decision-2024-ends-9280392/ [accessed 21 April 2024]
- Perea, E. A. (2002), ‘Individual characteristics, institutional incentives and electoral abstention in Western Europe’, European Journal of Political Research, Vol. 41, No. 5
- Pitkin, H. F. (1972), The concept of representation, Berkeley: University of California Press
- PNS (2022), ‘Demand for compulsory voting gaining momentum: Prakash’, The Pioneer. Retrieved from: https://www.dailypioneer.com/2022/state-editions/demand-for-compulsory-voting-gaining-momentum--prakash.html [accessed 27 March 2024]
- PTI (5 August 2022), ‘Compulsory voting is not practical in India: MoS Law and Justice Baghel’, Deccan Herald. Retrieved from: https://www.deccanherald.com/india/compulsory-voting-is-not-practical-in-india-mos-law-and-justice-baghel-1133466.html [accessed 22 May 2024]
- Rao, P. (2014), ‘Compulsory voting in india’, PRS Legislative Research. Retrieved from: https://prsindia.org/theprsblog/understanding-recent-amendments-to-the-arms-act-1959?page=51&per-page=1 [accessed 10 April 2024]
- Schmitter, P. (2011), ‘Diagnosing and designing democracy in europe’, in Alonso, S. et.al. (eds.), The Future of Representative Democracy, Cambridge
- Secretariat, L. S. (2015), ‘Compulsory Voting’, Reference Note No. 36. Retrieved from: https://loksabhadocs.nic.in/Refinput/New_Reference_Notes/English/CompulsoryVoting.pdf [accessed 18 January 2024].
- Sheppard, J. (2015), ‘Compulsory voting and political knowledge: Testing a ‘compelled engagement’ hypothesis’, Electoral Studies, Vol. 40
- Thapliyal, N. (2023), ‘We are not lawmakers, it’s people’s choice’: Delhi High Court Refuses to Entertain, Live Law. Retrieved from: https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/delhi-high-court-voting-compulsory-elections-223992 [accessed 19 April 2024]
- Vanmaercke, L. (1993), ‘De stemplicht in vraag gesteld’, Nieuw Tijdschrift voor Politiek, Vol. 9, No. 2
- Verba, S., Nie, N. H., & Kim, J. O. (1978), Participation and political equality: A seven - nation comparison, Cambridge University Press