Model example of natural ventilation for protected escape route type Ap in the fire of a block of flats

Ventilation methods for protected escape route type Ap are defined and given technically and by typology in current legislation [1] and [5]. The simulation of the growth of a fire and movement of smoke was modelled on a stairway in a block of flats with 9 aboveground storeys and one underground storey (the most used type of stairway in blocks of flats in the Slovak Republic). The initiation, dynamics and movement of smoke are influenced by the efficiency of the natural ventilation. The dangerous products of fire, smoke, visibility and temperature influence safe evacuations and human behaviour. The selected model was verified by an actual fire.