Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Utilization of domestic plant components in diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio L. Cover

Utilization of domestic plant components in diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio L.

Open Access
|Jun 2009

References

  1. Abel H.J., Becker K., Meske C.H.R., Friedrich W. 1984 - Possibilities of using heat-treated full-fat soybeans in carp feeding -42: 97-108.
  2. Adamidou S., Nengas I., Nikolopoulou D., Kotzamanis Y., Karacostas I., Bell J.G., Jauncey K. 2008 - Growth performance of gilthead sea bream (L.) fed extruded diets including low and high levels of three different legumes; field peas, chickpeas and faba beans - In: Resource management: natural, human and material resources for the sustainable development of aquaculture. Short communications of contributions presented at the International Conference Aquaculture Europe 2008, Krakow, September 15-18, 2008: 31-32.
  3. Adelizi P.D., Rosati R.R., Warner K., Wu Y.V., Muench T.R., White M.R., Brown P.B. 1998 - Evaluation of fish-meal free diets for rainbow trout,-4: 255-262.
  4. Adelman I.R. 1978 - Influence of temperature on growth promotion and body composition of carp () due to bovine growth hormone -107: 747-750.
  5. Akiyama D.M. 1988 - Soybean utilization in fish feeds - Proc. Korean Feed Assoc. Conf. August 1988, Seoul, Korea: 1-12.
  6. Alexis M.N. 1990 - Comparative evaluation of soybean meal and carob seed germ meal as dietary ingredients for rainbow trout fingerlings -3: 235-241.
  7. AOAC 1996 - Official methods of analysis, 16Ed. - Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA, USA.
  8. Aston R.J., Brown D.J.A. 1978 - Fish farming in heated effluents - In: Proceedings of the Conference on Fish Farming and Wastes (Ed.) C.M.R. Pastakia, 4-5 January, London: 39-60.
  9. Backiel T. 1964 - Feed and thermal coefficients in carp production -: 363-372 (in Polish).
  10. Barrows F.T., Gaylord T.G., Stone D.A.J., Smith C.E. 2007 - Effect of protein source and nutrient density on growth efficiency, histology, and plasma amino acid concentration of rainbow trout (Walbaum) -38: 1747-1758.
  11. Baryłko-Pikielna N. 1975 - An outline of sensory food analyses - Wyd. Nauk.-Tech. Warszawa, 483 p. (in Polish).
  12. Becker K., Makkar H.P.S. 1998 - Effect of phorbol ester in carp (L.) -40: 82-86.
  13. Becker K., Makkar H.P.S. 1999 - Effects of dietary tannic acid and quebracho tannin on growth performance and metabolic rates of common carp (L.) -175: 327-335.
  14. Bell J.M. 1984 - Nutrients and toxicants in rapeseed meal: a review -58: 996-1007.
  15. Bergot P. 1981 - Etude de l'utilisaton d'une cellulose purifiée chez la truite arc-en-ciel () et la carpe commune () -21: 83-93.
  16. Booth M.A., Allan G.L., France J., Parkinson S. 2001 - Replacement of fish meal in diets for Australian silver perch,IV. Effects of dehulling and protein concentration on digestibility of grain legumes -196: 67-85.
  17. Carter C.G., Hauler R.C. 2000 - Fish meal replacement by plant meals in extruded feeds for Atlantic salmon,L. -185: 299-311.
  18. Chakraborti S.C., Ross L.G., Ross B. 1992 - Specific dynamic action and feeding metabolism in common carp,L. -: 809-815.
  19. Cheng Z.J., Hardy R.W., Verlhac V., Gabaudan J. 2004 - Microbial phytase supplementation: effect on soybean digestibility in rainbow trout -7: 26-32.
  20. Cho C.Y., Bureau D.P. 1997 - Reduction of waste output from salmonid aquaculture through feed and feeding -59: 155-160.
  21. Cho C.Y., Bureau D.P. 2001 - A review of diet formulation strategies and feeding systems to reduce excretory and feed wastes in aquaculture -32: 349-360.
  22. Commission Regulation (EC) No 1292/2005 of 5 August 2005 amending attachment IV to Regulation (EC) No. 999/2001 European Parliament and Council Directive for animal nutrition. Official Journal of the European Union of 6.8.2005.
  23. Coutteau P., Geurden I., Camara M.R., Bergot P., Sorgeloos P. 1997 - Review on the dietary effects of phospholipids in fish and crustacean larviculture -155: 149-164.
  24. Dabrowski K. 1983a - Comparative aspects of protein digestion and amino acid absorption in fish and other animals -: 416-425.
  25. Dabrowski K. 1983b - Digestion of protein and amino acid absorption in stomachless fish, common carp (L.) -: 409-415.
  26. Dabrowski K. 1986 - Protein digestion and amino acid absorption along the intestine of the common carp (L.), a stomachless fish: anstudy -26: 755-766.
  27. Dąbrowski K., Kozłowska H. 1981 - Rapeseed meal in the diet of common carp reared waters. I. Growth of fish and utilization of the diet - In: Proc. World Symposium on Aquaculture in Heated Effluents and Recirculation Systems, Stavanger, 28-30 May 1980, vol. 2: 263-274.
  28. De la Higuera M., Garcia-Gallego M., Sanz A., Cardenete G., Suarez M.D., Moyano F.J. 1988 - Evaluation of lupin seed meal as an alternative protein source in feeding of rainbow trout () -71: 37-50.
  29. Drew M.D., Borgeson T.L., Thiessen D.L. 2007 - A review of processing of feed ingredients to enhance diet digestibility in finfish -138: 118-136.
  30. Elangovan A., Shim K.F. 2000 - The influence of replacing fish meal partially in the diet with soybean meal on growth and body composition of juvenile tin foil barb () -189: 133-144.
  31. Environmental Protection Legislation - act of April 27, 2001. Journal of Laws No. 62, pos. 627 with amendments (in Polish).
  32. Escaffre A.M., Zambonino Infante J.L., Cahu C.L., Mambrini M., Bergot P., Kaushik S.J. 1997 - Nutritional value of soy protein concentrate for larvae of common carp () based on growth performance and digestive enzyme activities -153: 63-80.
  33. European Commission (EC) 1995 - Aquaculture and the Environment in the European Community - Directorate General of Fisheries. Office for Official Publications of the European Community, Luxembourg.
  34. Evans A.J., Cheung P.C.K., Cheetham N.W.H. 1993 - The carbohydrate composition of cotyledons and hulls of cultivars offrom Western Australia -61: 189-194.
  35. Filipiak J., Trzebiatowski R. 1992 - Possibilities of using lupin seed meal and yeast to feed carp K- Zesz. Nauk. AR Wrocław, 218: 106-110 (in Polish).
  36. Fontainhas-Fernandes A., Gomes E., Reis-Henriques M.A., Coimbra J. 1999 - Replacement of fish meal by plant proteins in the diet of Nile tilapia: digestibility and growth performance -7: 120-134.
  37. Forster L., Higgs D.A., Dosanjh B.S., Rowshandeli M., Parr J. 1999 - Potential for dietary phytase to improve the nutritive value of canola protein and decrease phosphorus output in rainbow trout () held in 11°C fresh water -179: 109-125.
  38. Fournier V., Huelvan C., Desbruyeres E. 2004 - Incorporation of a mixture of plant feedstuffs as substitute for fish meal in diets of juvenile turbot () -236: 451-465.
  39. Fowley L.G. 1980 - Substitution of soybean and cottonseed products for fish meal in diets fed to chinook and coho salmon -42: 87-91.
  40. Frankic A., Hershner C. 2003 - Sustainable aquaculture: developing the promise of aquaculture -11: 517-530.
  41. Francis G., Makkar H.P.S., Becker K. 2001 - Antinutritional factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients and their effects in fish -199: 197-227.
  42. Gawęcki K. 1988 - Exercises from animal nutrition and feed science - Wyd. AR Poznań (in Polish).
  43. Gawęcka J., Jędryka T. 2001 - Sensory analysis. Selected methods and applications - Wyd. Akad. Ekon., Poznań: 5-142 (in Polish).
  44. Geurden I., Randüz-Neto J., Bergot P. 1995 - Essentiality of dietary phospholipids for carp (L.) larvae -131: 303-314.
  45. Geurden I., Marion D., Charlon N., Coutteau P., Bergot P. 1998 - Comparison of different soybean phospholipidic fractions as dietary supplements for common carp,, larvae -161: 225-235.
  46. Glencross B., Hawkins W., Evans D., Rutherford N., Dods K., McCafferty P., Sipsas S. 2007 - Evaluation of the influence ofkernel meal on dietary nutrient and energy efficiency by rainbow trout () -14: 129-138.
  47. Gomes E.F., Kaushik S.J. 1989 - Incorporation of lupin seed meal, colzapro or triticale as protein/energy substitutes in rainbow trout diets - In: The Current Status of Fish Nutrition in Aquaculture (Eds.) M. Takeda T. Watanabe, Tokyo Univ. Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan: 315-321.
  48. Gomes E.F., Corraze G., Kaushik S.J. 1993 - Effects of dietary incorporation of a co-extruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas) on growth, nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition of rainbow trout () -113: 339-353.
  49. Gomes E.F., Rema P., Kaushik S.J. 1995 - Replacement of fish meal by plant protein in the diet of rainbow trout (): digestibility and growth performance -130: 177-186.
  50. Guziur J., Białowąs H., Milczarzewicz W. 2003 - Pond fisheries in carp ponds, industrial tools, and small inland basins - Oficyna Wydawnicza Hoża, Warszawa (in Polish).
  51. Hasan M.R., Macintosh D.J., Jauncey K. 1997 - Evaluation of some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common carp (L.) fry -151: 55-70.
  52. Hardy R.W. 2000 - Advances in the development of low-pollution feeds for salmonids -3: 63-74.
  53. Hardy R.W. 2008 - Utilization of plant proteins in fish diets; effects of global demand and supplies of grains and oil-seeds - In: Resource management: Natural, human and material resources for the sustainable development of aquaculture. Short communications of contributions presented at the International Conference Aquaculture Europe 2008, Krakow, September 15-18, 2008: 5-8.
  54. Hardy R.W., Barrows F.T. 2002 - Diet formulation and manufacture - In: Fish Nutrition 3edition (Eds) J.E. Halver R.W. Hardy, Academic Press Inc., San Diego, CA, USA: 506-601.
  55. Higgs D.A., Mc Bride J.R., Dosanjh B.S., Clarke W.C., Archdekin C., Hammons A.M. 1988 - Nutritive value of plant protein sources for fish with special emphasis on canola products - In: Proceedings of Aquaculture International Congress, Vancouver B.C., September 6-9, 1988, Vancouver Pavilion Corporation, Vancouver: 427-435.
  56. Hossain M.A., Jauncey K. 1989a - Studies on the protein, energy and aminoacid digestibility of fishmeal, mustard oilcake, linseed and sesame meal for common carp (L.) -83: 59-72.
  57. Hossain M.A., Jauncey K. 1989b - Nutritional evaluation of some Bangladeshi oilseed meals as partial substitutes for fishmeal in the diet of common carp,L. -20: 255-268.
  58. Hossain M.A., Jauncey K. 1990 - Detoxification of linseed and sesame meal and evaluation of their nutritive value in the diet of carp (L.) -3: 169-183.
  59. Hossain M.A., Jauncey K. 1991 - The effect of varying dietary phytic acid, calcium and magnesium levels on the nutrition of common carp,- In: Fish Nutrition in Practice (Eds) S.J. Kaushik P. Luquent, Proceedings of International Conference, June 24-27, 1991, Biarritz, France: 705-715.
  60. Hossain M.A., Focken U., Becker K. 2001 - Evaluation of an unconventional legume seed,, as a dietary protein source for common carp,-198: 129-140.
  61. Hughes S.G. 1988 - Assessment of lupin flour as a diet ingredient for rainbow trout () -71: 379-385.
  62. Jackson A.J., Apper R.S., Matty A.S. 1982 - Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia-27: 97-109.
  63. Jahan P., Watanabe T., Kiron V., Satoh S. 2003 - Improved carp diets based on plant protein sources reduce environmental phosphorus loading -69: 219-225.
  64. Jamroz D. 2001 - Antinutritional and toxic feed components - In: Animal nutrition and feed sciences. 1. Physiological and biochemical foundations in animal nutrition (Eds) D. Jamroz S. Buraczewski J. Kamiński, PWN Warszawa: 122-134 (in Polish).
  65. Jauncey K. 1982 - Carp (L.) nutrition - a review - In: Recent advances in Aquaculture (Eds) J.F. Muir R.J. Roberts, Croom Helm, London: 216-263.
  66. Jezierska-Madziar M. 1995 - Impact of feed production methods and intensification levels of carp production on the degree of pollution in post-production water - Habilitation thesis. Wyd. AR, Poznań, 105 p. (in Polish).
  67. Jobling M. 1994 - Fish Bioenergetics - Chapman and Hall, London, 300 p.
  68. Karpiński A. 1994 - Water quality in intensive fish production - Broszura IRS 164, Olsztyn (in Polish).
  69. Kaushik S.J. 1995 - Nutrients requirements, supply and utilization in the context of carp culture -129: 225-241.
  70. Kaushik S.J., Cravedi J.P., Lalles J.P., Sumpter J., Fauconneau B., Laroche M. 1995 - Partial or total replacement of fish meal by soybean protein on growth, protein utilization, potential estrogenic or antigenic effects, cholesterolemia and flesh quality in rainbow trout,-133: 257-274.
  71. Kaushik S.J., Coves D., Dutto G., Blanc D. 2004 - Almost total replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a marine teleost, the European seabass,-230: 391-404.
  72. Kim Y.K. 1974 - Determination of true digestibility of dietary protein with CrOcontaining diet -40: 651-654.
  73. Kim J.D., Breque J., Kaushik S.J. 1998 - Apparent digestibilities of feed components from fish meal or plant protein based diets in common carp as affected by water temperature -11: 269-272.
  74. Kotzamanis Y.P., van Eys J., Taylor S., Lindley N., Andersen M., Petsas G., Atherinos L., Ilia V., Vatsos I.N. 2008 - Evaluation of partial substitution of dietary fish meal by soybean meal supplemented with synthetic amino acids on growth performance, serum chemistry and histology of the juvenile european sea bass () and gilthead sea bream () - In: Resource management: natural, human and material resources for the sustainable development of aquaculture. Short communications of contributions presented at the International Conference Aquaculture Europe 2008, Krakow, September 15-18, 2008: 336-337.
  75. Krüger A. 2000 -Polish pond fisheries? - Wyd. IRS, Olsztyn (in Polish).
  76. Lei W., Yang Y., He X. 1996 - Apparent digestibility coefficient of crude protein and energy for six commercial feed ingredients for Chinese longsnout catfish -20: 113-118.
  77. Masumoto T., Ruchimat T, Ito Y., Hosokawa H., Shimeno S. 1996 - Amino acid availability values for several protein sources for yellowtail () -146: 109-119.
  78. Mayer I., McLean E. 1995 - Bioengeneering and biotechnological strategies for reduced waste aquaculture -31: 85-102.
  79. Mazurkiewicz J., Przybył A., Wudarczak B. 2004 - Suitability of some raw plant feed materials in fattening mixtures for carp (L.) - In: Proc. IX Kurso-Konferencja Hodowców Karpia, Lubliniec-Kokotek, 19-20 lutego 2004: 29-34 (in Polish).
  80. Mazurkiewicz J., Przybył A., Wudarczak B., Rożek W. 2007 - Suitability of the narrow-leaf lupin seed variety Sur and Mirela in extruded feed mixtures for carp -522: 399-404 (in Polish).
  81. Mazurkiewicz J., Przybył A. Golski J. 2009 - Usability of some plant protein ingredients in the diets of Siberian sturgeon,Brandt -(in press).
  82. McGoogan B., Gatlin D.M. 2000 - Dietary manipulations affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum,-182: 271-285.
  83. Mejza T., Mejza A. - 1986 - Post-extraction rapeseed meal as a component of granulated mixtures for carp -1: 11-12 (in Polish).
  84. Miyatake H. 1997 - Carp -34: 108-111.
  85. Mohsen A.A., Lovell R.T. 1990 - Partial substitute of soybean meal with animal protein sources in diet for channel catfish -90: 303-312.
  86. Moyano F.J., Cardenete G., De la Higuera M. 1992 - Nutritive value of diets containing a high percentage of vegetable proteins for trout,-5: 23-29.
  87. Mundheim H., Aksens A., Hope B. 2004 - Growth, feed efficiency and digestibility in salmon (L.) fed different dietary proportions of vegetable protein sources in combination with two fish meal qualities -237: 315-331.
  88. Murai T., Ogata H., Nose T. 1982 - Methionine coated with various material supplemented to soybean meal diet for fingerlings carp,, and channel catfish,-48: 85-88.
  89. Murai T., Akiyama T., Nose T. 1983 - Effects of glucose chain length of various carbohydrates and frequency of feeding on their utilization by fingerling carp -49: 1607-1611.
  90. Murai T., Akiyama T., Takeuchi T., Watanabe T., Nose T. 1985 - Effects of dietary protein and lipid levels on performance and carcass composition of fingerling carp -51: 605-608.
  91. Murai T., Kosutarak P., Arai S. 1986 - Effects of amino acid supplementation and methanol treatment on utilization of soy flour by fingerling carp -56: 197-206.
  92. Noble E., Demaël A., Garin D., Moulin C., Barré H. 1998 - Effects of an hypoproteic soybean based diet on the energy stores and growth of carp (L.) -: 157-161.
  93. Nose T. 1967 - Recent advances in the study of fish digestion in Japan -, 3: 83-94.
  94. Nose T. 1979 - Summary report on the requirements of essential amino acids for carp - In: Finfish Nutrition and Fishfeed Technology (Eds) K. Tiews J.E. Halver, Heenemann, Berlin: 145-156.
  95. Nour A.M., Omar E., Akkada A.R.A. Günther K.D. 1989 - Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds as a complete diet for common carp (L.) fingerlings -42: 190-195.
  96. NRC 1993 - Nutrient Requirements of Fish - National Academy Press, Washington DC, 114 p.
  97. Nwanna L.C., Eisenreich R., Schwarz F.J. 2007 - Effect of wet-incubation of dietary plant feedstuffs with phytases on growth and mineral digestibility by common carp (L.) -271: 461-468.
  98. Oberle M., Schwarz F.J., Kirchgessner M. 1997 - Growth and carcass quality of carp (L.) fed different cereals, lupin seed or zooplankton -50: 75-86.
  99. Ogino C. 1980a - Protein requirements of carp and rainbow trout -46: 385-388.
  100. Ogino C. 1980b - Requirements of carp and rainbow trout for essential amino acids -46: 171-175.
  101. Ogino C., Saito K. 1970 - Protein nutrition in fish. I. The utilization of dietary protein by young carp -36: 250-254.
  102. Ogino C., Chen M.S. 1973 - Protein utilization in fish. V. Relation between biological value of dietary proteins and their utilization in carp -39: 955-959.
  103. Ogino C., Chiou J.Y., Takeuchi T. 1976 - Protein utilization in fish. VI. Effects of dietary energy sources on the utilization of proteins by rainbow trout and carp -42: 213-218.
  104. Pongmaneerat J., Watanabe T. 1993 - Nutritional evaluation of soybean meal for rainbow trout and carp -59: 157-163.
  105. Pongmaneerat J., Watanabe T., Takeuchi T., Satoh S. 1993 - Use of different protein meals as partial substitution for fish meal in carp diets -59: 1249-1257.
  106. Przybył A., Madziar M. 1997 - Evaluation of pig bristle as a component of carp pelleted feeds -5: 99-108.
  107. Przybył A., Mazurkiewicz J. 2000 - Usability of extruded leguminous and rape feed mixes in the feeding of carp -2: 119-126.
  108. Przybył A., Madziar M., Błażkowiak S. 1991 - An attempt to use raw waste and by-product materials from the agricultural and foodstuff industries in carp granulates -,: 105-115 (in Polish).
  109. Przybył A., Madziar M., Koligot A. 1999a - Suitability of modified pig bristles for extruded feed mixtures for carp fry -7: 113-122.
  110. Przybył A., Jezierska-Madziar M., Girus K., Koligot A. 1999b - Evaluation of the value of narrow-leaved lupin seeds in pelleted feed mixes for carp -1: 37-45.
  111. Przybył A., Mazurkiewicz J., Rożek W. 2006 - Partial substitution of fish meal with soybean protein concentrate and extracted rapeseed meal in the diet of sterlet () -22: 298-302.
  112. Regost C., Arzel J., Kaushik S.J. 1999 - Partial or total replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot () -180: 99-117.
  113. Reigh R.C., Ellis S.C. 1992 - Effects of dietary soybean and fish-protein rations on growth and body composition of red drum () fed isonitrogenous diets -104: 279-292.
  114. Riche M., Brown P.B. 1996 - Availability of phosphorus from feedstuffs to rainbow trout,-142: 269-282.
  115. Roemer P. 1993 -L., valuable future crop of old tradition -3: 14-17.
  116. Sargent J.R., Tacon A.G.J. 1999 - Development of farmed fish: a nutritionally necessary alternative to meat -58: 377-383.
  117. Satoh S. 1991 - Common carp,- In: Handbook of Nutrient Requirements of Finfish (Ed.) R.P. Wilson, RC Press, Boca Raton: 55-67.
  118. Satoh S., Viyakarn V., Takeuchi T., Watanabe T. 1997 - Availability of phosphorus in various phosphates to carp and rainbow trout determined by a simple fractionation method -63: 297-300.
  119. Seyour E.A., Bergheim A. 1991 - Towards a reduction of pollution from intensive aquaculture with reference to the farming of Salmonids in Norway -10: 73-88.
  120. Shiau S.Y., Lin S.F., Yu S.L., Lin A.L., Kwok C.C. 1990 - Defatted and full-fat soybean meal as partial replacements for fishmeal in tilapia () diets at low protein level -86: 401-407.
  121. Shiau S.Y., Peng C.Y. 1993 - Protein-sparing effect by carbohydrates in diets for tilapia,-117: 327-334.
  122. Siddhuraju P., Becker K. 2001 - Preliminary nutritional evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (var.) in common carp (L.): an assessment by growth performance and feed utilization -196: 105-123.
  123. Siwicki A. 1984 - New anaesthetic for fish -38: 171-176.
  124. Starmach K. 1963 - The pond as a rearing environment - In: Rearing fish in ponds (Ed.) A. Rudnicki, PWRiL, Warszawa (in Polish).
  125. StatSoft, Inc. 2001 - STATISTICA, version 5 PL.
  126. Steffens W. 1986 - Intensive fish production - PWRiL, Warszawa: 11-417 (in Polish).
  127. Steffens W. 1996 - Protein sparing effect and nutritive significance of lipid supplementation in carp diets -49: 93-98.
  128. Steffens W., Wirth M. 2007 - Influence of nutrition on the lipid quality of pond fish: common carp () and tench () -15: 313-319.
  129. Sugiura S.H., Gabaudan J., Dong F.M., Hardy R.W. 2001 - Dietary microbial phytase supplementation and the utilization of phosphorus, trace minerals and protein by rainbow trout [(Walbaum)] fed soybean meal-based diets -32: 583-592.
  130. Szumiec M. 1984 - Thermal properties of carp ponds - PWN, Warszawa (in Polish).
  131. Szumiec M.A., Szumiec J. 1985 - Studies on intensification of carp farming. 2. Effect of temperature on carp growth -27: 147-158.
  132. Tacon A.G.J. 2004 - Use of fish meal and fish oil in aquaculture: a global perspective -1: 3-14.
  133. Tacon A.G.J., Jackson A. 1985 - Utilization of conventional and unconventional protein sources in practical fish feeds - In: Nutrition and feeding in fish (Eds) C.B. Cowey A.M.M. Mackie J.G. Bell, Academic Press, London: 119-145.
  134. Tacon A.G.J., Forster I.P. 2003 - Aquafeeds and the environment: policy implications -226: 181-189.
  135. Takeuchi T., Watanabe T. 1977 - Requirement of carp for essential fatty acids -43: 541-551.
  136. Takeuchi T., Watanabe T., Ogino C. 1979a - Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for carp -45: 983-987.
  137. Takeuchi T., Watanabe T., Ogino C. 1979b - Availability of carbohydrate and lipid as dietary energy sources for carp -45: 977-982.
  138. Takeuchi T., Jeong K.S., Watanabe T. 1990 - Availability of extruded carbohydrate ingredients to rainbow troutand carp-56: 1839-1845.
  139. Trzebiatowski R., Filipiak J. 1992 - Using post-extraction rapeseed meal in granulated feed mixes for carp K-218: 98-103 (in Polish).
  140. Ufodike E.B.C., Matty A.J. 1983 - Growth responses and nutrient digestibility in mirror carp () fed different levels of cassava and rice -31: 41-50.
  141. Vielma J., Makinen T., Ekholm P., Koskela J. 2000 - Influence of dietary soy and phytase levels on performance and body composition of large rainbow trout () and algal availability of phosphorus load -183: 349-362.
  142. Viola S., Arieli J., Rappaport U., Mokady S. 1981 - Experiments in the nutrition of carp: replacement of fishmeal by soybean meal -33: 35-49.
  143. Viola S., Mokady S., Rappaport U., Arieli Y. 1982 - Partial and complete replacement of fishmeal by soybean meal in feeds for intensive culture of carp -26: 223-236.
  144. Viola S., Zohar G., Arieli Y. 1986 - Requirements of phosphorus and its availability from different sources for intensive pond culture species in Israel -38: 44-54.
  145. Viola S., Arieli Y., Zohar G. 1988 - Unusual feedstuffs (tapioca and lupin) as ingredients for carp and tilapia feeds in intensive culture -40: 29-34.
  146. Watanabe T. 1982 - Lipid nutrition in fish -: 3-15.
  147. Watanabe T. 1988 - Nutrition and growth - In: Intensive Fish Farming (Eds) C.J. Shepherd N.R. Borage, BSP Professional Books, London: 154-197.
  148. Watanabe T. 2002 - Strategies for further development of aquatic feeds -68: 242-252.
  149. Watanabe T., Takeuchi T., Satoh S., Wang K.-W., Ida T., Yaguchi M., Nakada M., Amano T., Yoshijima S., Aoe H. 1987 - Development of practical carp diets for reduction of total nitrogen loading on water environment -53: 2217-2225.
  150. Watanabe T., Aoki H., Viyakarn V., Maita M., Yamagata Y., Satoh S., Takeuchi T. 1995 - Combined use of alternative protein sources as a partial replacement for fish meal in a newly developed soft-dry pellet for yellowtail -43: 511-520.
  151. Watanabe T., Jahan P., Satoh S., Kiron V. 1999 - Total phosphorus loading onto the water environment from common carp fed commercial diets -65: 712-716.
  152. Webster C.D., Yancey D.H., Tidwell J.H. 1992 - Effect of partially or totally replacing fish meal with soybean meal on growth of blue catfish () -103: 141-152.
  153. Weismann D., Scheid H., Pfefer E. 1988 - Water pollution with phosphorus of dietary origin by intensively fed rainbow troutRich. -69: 263-270.
  154. Wilson R.P., Poe W.E. 1985 - Effects of feeding of soybean meal with varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling channel catfish -46: 19-25.
  155. Wilson R.P., Halver J.E. 1986 - Protein and amino acid requirements of fishes -6: 225-244.
  156. Wojda R. 2006 - Carp. Breeding and rearing. A breeder's handbook - Wyd. IRS, Olsztyn, 318 p. (in Polish).
  157. Wolny P. 1974 - Carp - PWRiL, Warszawa, 235 p. (in Polish).
  158. Xie S., Zhu X., Cui Y., Yang Y. 2001 - Utilization of several plant proteins by gibel carp () -17: 70-76.
  159. Zeitler M.H., Kirchgessner M., Schwarz F.J. 1984 - Effects of different protein and energy supplies on carcass composition of carpL. -36: 37-48.
  160. Zobel H. 1982 - Rationelle Netzung von Kleinteichen - VEB Deutscher Landwirtschaftsverlag, Berlin: 1-159.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/v10086-009-0001-4 | Journal eISSN: 2545-059X (formerly 2083-6139) | Journal ISSN: 2545-0255 (formerly 1230-6428)
Language: English
Page range: 5 - 39
Published on: Jun 11, 2009
Published by: Stanisław Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2009 Jan Mazurkiewicz, published by Stanisław Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons License.

Volume 17 (2009): Issue 1 (March 2009)