Abstract
Inland waterway transport is an environmentally friendly mode of transport with high cargo capacity, but it remains underutilized in many European countries. The implementation of the Container on Barge (COB) concept allows the integration of inland waterway transport into intermodal logistics chains, increasing the efficiency of container transport while reducing environmental impacts. COB enables the movement of standardized containers along rivers with minimal transshipment, which shortens delivery times, reduces handling risks, and improves overall reliability. This paper provides a systematic analysis of COB, identifying its key economic, operational, and environmental benefits, as well as challenges for implementation in the Slovak Republic. The study examines how COB can reduce transport costs, decrease road congestion, and lower greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to more sustainable logistics solutions. In addition, COB has the potential to support regional development by creating logistics hubs, generating employment, and enhancing the competitiveness of local transport networks. In conclusion, the COB concept is presented as a promising tool for sustainable and efficient intermodal logistics, offering significant benefits for both environmental protection and economic performance while supporting the transition toward greener transport solutions in Central Europe.