Abstract
This work examines the performance of glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) shear connectors within concrete composite beams with attention to their mechanics and wider applications for sustainable structures. Beyond comparing two different connector geometries, the work broadens to cover their suitability for cyclical loading, long-term deflection, and structural fatigue exposure. By drawing on both experimental push-out testing and numerical simulation using the finite element method (FEM), the research provides a rich picture of GFRP-based joint mechanics. The analysis further delineates recommendations for long-term use of GFRP members of civil applications with a focus on design optimization, benefit-cost ratios, and resistance to corrosion. These findings form the basis for next generation building material aimed at lowering maintenance costs and carbon impacts.