Have a personal or library account? Click to login
The Effect of a Hatha Yoga Exercise Programme with Segmental Stabilisation Exercises on Trunk Flexibility Cover

The Effect of a Hatha Yoga Exercise Programme with Segmental Stabilisation Exercises on Trunk Flexibility

Open Access
|Sep 2025

References

  1. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. GBD COMPARE data visualization, 2025. [cited 2025 Apr 2]. Available from: https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare/
  2. Chen S, Chen M, Wu X, Lin S, Tao C, Cao H, et al. Global, regional and national burden of low back pain 1990–2019: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2019. J Orthop Translat. 2021;32:49–58. doi: 10.1016/j.jot.2021.07.005.
  3. de Campos TF, Maher CG, Fuller JT, Steffens D, Attwell S, Hancock MJ. Prevention strategies to reduce future impact of low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med. 2021;55(9):468–476. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2019-101436.
  4. Panjabi MM. The stabilizing system of the spine. Part I. Function, dysfunction, adaptation, and enhancement. J Spinal Disord. 1992;5(4):383–397. doi: 10.1097/00002517-199212000-00001.
  5. Kisner C, Colby LA, Borstad J. Therapeutic exercise: Foundations and techniques. 7th ed. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis Company, 2018.
  6. Sadler SG, Spink MJ, Ho A, De Jonge XJ, Chuter VH. Restriction in lateral bending range of motion, lumbar lordosis, and hamstring flexibility predicts the development of low back pain: a systematic review of prospective cohort studies. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2017;18(1):179. doi: 10.1186/s12891-017-1534-0.
  7. Lopes TJA, Simic M, Chia L, Terra BS, Alves DS, Bunn PDS, et al. Trunk endurance, posterior chain flexibility, and previous history of musculoskeletal pain predict overuse low back and lower extremity injury: a prospective cohort study of 545 Navy Cadets. J Sci Med Sport. 2021;24(6):555–560. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2020.11.020.
  8. Worthington V. A history of yoga. London, UK: Routledge and Kegan Paul; 1982.
  9. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. Yoga for health (eBook). Maryland, USA: National Institute of Health; 2023.
  10. Anheyer D, Haller H, Lauche R, Dobos G, Cramer H. Yoga for treating low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pain. 2022;163:e504–517. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002416.
  11. Ward L, Stebbings S, Cherkin D, Baxter GD. Components and reporting of yoga interventions for musculoskeletal conditions: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Complement Ther Med. 2014;22:909–919. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2014.08.007.
  12. Goode AP, Coeytaux RR, McDuffie J, Duan-Porter W, Sharma P, Mennella H, et al. An evidence map of yoga for low back pain. Complement Ther Med. 2016;25:170–177. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2016.02.016.
  13. Petrič M, Zaletel-Kragelj L, Jakovljević M, Vauhnik R. Hatha yoga, integrating the segmental stabilization exercise model, can improve trunk muscle endurance in healthy adults. Front Public Health. 2024;12:1487702. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1487702.
  14. Petrič M. Učinek joge in stabilizacijskih vaj na vzdržljivost in raztegljivost mišic trupa pri zdravih odraslih osebah [doktorska disertacija]. Ljubljana: Medicinska fakulteta Univerze v Ljubljani, 2023.
  15. Petrič M, Zaletel-Kragelj L, Vauhnik R. Učinek hatha joge, stopnjevane po načelih stabilizacijske vadbe, na izboljšanje vzdržljivosti in raztegljivosti mišic trupa pri zdravih odraslih: predstavitev rezultatov doktorskega dela. In: Grapar Žargi T, Kovačič T, editors. 70 let v gibanju - tradicija napredka. 20. kongres fizioterapevtov Slovenije: zbornik povzetkov. Fizioterapija. 2024;32(1):37–38.
  16. Mansournia MA, Jewell NP, Greenland S. Case-control matching: effects, misconceptions, and recommendations. Eur J Epidemiol. 2018;33:5–14. doi: 10.1007/s10654-017-0325-0.
  17. Jakovljević M, Knific T, Petrič M. Testiranje telesne pripravljenosti odraslih oseb: priročnik za preiskovalce. Ljubljana, Slovenia: Nacionalni inštitut za javno zdravje; 2017. p. 40–43.
  18. Harvey D. Assessment of the flexibility of elite athletes using the modified Thomas test. Br J Sports Med. 1998;32(1):68–70. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.32.1.68.
  19. Miñarro PA, Andújar PS, García PL, Toro EO. A comparison of the spine posture among several sit-and-reach test protocols. J Sci Med Sport. 2007;10(6):456–462. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2006.10.003.
  20. Norkin CC, White DJ. Measurement of joint motion: a guide to goniometry. 3rd ed. USA: F.A. Davis Company; 2003.
  21. Jakovljević M, Hlebš S. Meritve gibljivosti sklepov, obsegov in dolžin udov. Ljubljana: Zdravstvena fakulteta; 2011.
  22. Berryman Reese N, Bandy WD. Joint range of motion and muscle length testing. Philadelphia, Pa: W.B. Saunders Company; 2002.
  23. Gabbe BJ, Bennell KL, Wajswelner H, Finch CF. Reliability of common lower extremity musculoskeletal screening tests. Phys Ther Sport. 2004;5(2):90–97. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2004.01.003.
  24. Fraeulin L, Holzgreve F, Brinkbäumer M, Dziuba A, Friebe D, Klemz S, et. al. Intra- and inter-rater reliability of joint range of motion tests using tape measure, digital inclinometer and inertial motion capturing. PloS ONE. 2020;15(12):e0243646. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0243646.
  25. Richardson C, Hodges P, Hides J. Therapeutic exercise for lumbopelvic stabilization: a motor control approach for the treatment and prevention of low back pain. 2nd ed. UK: Churchill Livingstone; 2004.
  26. Arney BE, Glover R, Fusco A, Cortis C, de Koning JJ, van Erp T, et al. Comparison of RPE (rating of perceived exertion) scales for session RPE. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2019;14:994–996. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2018-0637.
  27. Bull FC, Al-Ansari SS, Biddle S, Borodulin K, Buman MP, Cardon G, et al. World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Br J Sports Med. 2020;54:1451–1462. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2020-102955.
  28. Mullerpatan RP, Agarwal BM, Shetty TV. Exploration of muscle activity using surface electromyography while performing Surya Namaskar. Int J Yoga. 2020;13:137–143. doi: 10.4103/ijoy.IJOY_72_19.
  29. LaSala TT, Run-Kowzun T, Figueroa M. The effect of a hatha yoga practice on hamstring flexibility. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2021;28:439–449. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.06.012.
  30. Petrič M, Vauhnik R, Jakovljević M. The impact of hatha yoga practice on flexibility: a pilot study. Altern Integr Med. 2014;3(2):160. doi: 10.4172/2327-5162.1000160.
  31. Rathore V, Singh S, Katiyar VK. Exploring the therapeutic effects of yoga on spine and shoulder mobility: A systematic review. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2024;40:586–596. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.04.029.
  32. Sandler RD, Sui X, Church TS, Fritz SL, Beattie PF, Blair SN. Are flexibility and muscle-strengthening activities associated with a higher risk of developing low back pain?. J Sci Med Sport. 2014;17(4):361–365. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2013.07.016.
  33. Krejčí M, Hill M, Kajzar J, Tichý M, Hošek V. Yoga exercise intervention improves balance control and prevents falls in seniors aged 65. Zdr Varst. 2022; 61:85–92. doi: 10.2478/sjph-2022-0012.
  34. Tišlar MH, Starc G, Kukec A. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders among physiotherapists and physiotherapy students in Croatia and their association with physical fitness. Zdr Varst. 2022;61:171–180. doi: 10.2478/sjph-2022-0023.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/sjph-2025-0019 | Journal eISSN: 1854-2476 | Journal ISSN: 0351-0026
Language: English
Page range: 152 - 159
Submitted on: Apr 9, 2025
Accepted on: May 26, 2025
Published on: Sep 1, 2025
Published by: National Institute of Public Health, Slovenia
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2025 Maja Petrič, Lijana Zaletel-Kragelj, Renata Vauhnik, published by National Institute of Public Health, Slovenia
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.