Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Contingency table showing frequencies and proportions of patients based on the risk groups (MUST) at the beginning and after six months_
| MUST score at the beginning | MUST score after 6 months | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | ≥2 | SUM | |
| 0 | 16 | 0 | 1 | 17 |
| 94% | 0% | 6% | 100% | |
| 1 | 25 | 4 | 1 | 30 |
| 83% | 13% | 3% | 100% | |
| ≥2 | 27 | 12 | 8 | 47 |
| 57% | 26% | 17% | 100% | |
Comparison of changes in nutritional status, nutritional intake and functional status in a subgroup of patients with MUST≥1 (n=77)_
| Nutritional status values | 1st assessment | 2nd assessment | 3rd assessment | 4th assessment | Improvement (p value*) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BM (kg) | 60.9 (56.50) | 60.9 (56.50) | 63.3 (59.0) | 64.0 (60.0) | <0.001 |
| [14.9] | [14.9] | [15.4] | [15.3] | ||
| (39.1, 100.0) | (39.1, 100.0) | (39.5, 102.3) | (40.0, 103.7) | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.0 (20.7) | 22.0 (20.7) | 22.8 (21.3) | 23.1 (21.9) | <0.001 |
| [4.9] | [4.9] | [4.8] | [4.7] | ||
| (14.5, 41.1) | (14.5, 41.1) | (14.1, 39.0) | (14.3, 39.0) | ||
| FFM (kg) | 41.5 (38.6) | 41.5 (38.6) | 42.7 (39.7) | 42.8 (39.2) | <0.001 |
| [11.4] | [11.4] | [11.8] | [11.7] | ||
| (19.8, 73.0) | (19.8, 73.0) | (20.2, 77.2) | (20.4, 76.1) | ||
| FFMI (kg/m2) | 14.8 (14.5) | 14.8 (14.5) | 15.3 (14.8) | 15.3 (14.8) | <0.001 |
| [3.0] | [3.0] | [3.0] | [3.0] | ||
| (9.2, 22.5) | (9.2, 22.5) | (7.9, 23.8) | (8.1, 23.5) | ||
| Nutritional intake | |||||
| Energy (kcal/kg TM) | 20.7 (20.3) | 20.7 (20.3) | 28.1 (28.7) | 30.3 (30.0) | <0.001 |
| [7.6] | [7.6] | [7.7] | [7.1] | ||
| (5.6, 41.0) | (5.6, 41.0) | (3.1, 46.7) | (13.3, 53.3) | ||
| Energy (kcal/d) | 1217 (1121) | 1217 (1121) | 1722 (1744) | 1876 (1945) | <0.001 |
| [415] | [415] | [438] | [377] | ||
| (369, 2339) | (369, 2339) | (155, 3176) | (850, 2749) | ||
| Protein (g/kg TM) | 0.9 (0.9) | 0.9 (0.9) | 1.3 (1.3) | 1.4 (1.4) | <0.001 |
| [0.4] | [0.4] | [0.4] | [0.4] | ||
| (0.1, 2.3) | (0.1, 2.3) | (0.3, 2.6) | (0.5, 2.5) | ||
| Functional status | |||||
| PA (°) | 4.7 (4.7) | 4.7 (4.7) | 5.0 (4.9) | 5.0 (4.9) | <0.001 |
| [1.0] | [1.0] | [1.0] | [0.9] | ||
| (2.4, 7.6) | (2.4, 7.6) | (2.5, 8.8) | (2.8, 7.5) | ||
| Grip strength (kg) | 24 (23) | 24 (23) | 26 (24) | 26 (24) | 0.080 |
| [11] | [11] | [12] | [12] | ||
| (1, 62) | (1, 62) | (1, 64) | (1, 64) | ||
Baseline characteristics of the sample_
| Characteristics | Values (n=94) |
|---|---|
| Basic variables | |
| Female | 59 (63%) |
| Male | 35 (37%) |
| Age, y | 68 [15] (20–92) |
| Living conditions | |
| Alone | 21 (22%) |
| Community (family) | 31 (33%) |
| With partner | 42 (45%) |
| Comorbidities | |
| Cardiovascular diseases (including CAF) | 37 (39%) |
| Pulmonary diseases | 4 (4%) |
| Diabetes and other endocrine diseases | 12 (13%) |
| Kidney diseases | 4 (4%) |
| Gastrointestinal diseases | 26 (28%) |
| Diseases of the liver and pancreas | 3 (3%) |
| Oncological diagnoses | 29 (31%) |
| Wounds | 2 (2%) |
| Neurological diseases | 6 (6%) |
| Rheumatological diseases | 2 (2%) |
| COVID-19 | 2 (2%) |
| Other | 13 (14%) |
Comorbidity distribution based on the risk groups (MUST)_
| Characteristics | MUST= 0 | MUST≥1 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| One comorbidity | 9 | 53% | 46 | 60% |
| Two comorbidities | 7 | 41% | 26 | 34% |
| Three or more comorbidities | 1 | 6% | 5 | 6% |
| Total | 17 | 100% | 77 | 100% |