Table 1
Kindergarten teachers – demographic characteristics.
| Total (N=287) N (%) | Middle education (N=126) N (%) | Higher education (N=161) N (%) | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | <35 years | 72 (25.1) | 17 (13.5) | 55 (34.2) | |
| 35 – 45 years | 73 (25.4) | 21 (16.7) | 52 (32.3) | 0.0001a | |
| >45 years | 142 (49.5) | 88 (69.8) | 54 (33.5) | ||
| Years of experience | <20 years | 140 (48.8) | 33 (26.2) | 107 (66.5) | |
| >20 years | 147 (51.2) | 93 (73.8) | 54 (33.5) | 0.0001a |
[i] *p<0.05 (chi-square test)
Table 2
Meister questionnaire evaluation (Kindergarten teachers N=287).
Table 2A. Individual items analysis – degree of workload.
| N | % | N | % | N | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 41 | 14.3 | 283 | 98.6 | 250 | 87.1 |
| 1 | 57 | 19.9 | 3 | 1.0 | 25 | 8.7 |
| 2 | 66 | 23.0 | 1 | 0.4 | 6 | 2.1 |
| 3 | 123 | 42.8 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 2.1 |
| Total | 246 | 85.7 | 4 | 1.4 | 37 | 12.9 |
Table 2B
Values for the subscales.
| Items | Mean | SD | Median | Critical limita | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I. Overloading | Time pressure | 3.4 | 1.1 | 4b | 3.0 |
| Great responsibility | 3.4 | 1.2 | 4b | 3.0 | |
| Problems and conflicts | 3.2 | 1.3 | 4b | 2.5 | |
| II. Monotony | Low satisfaction | 2.4 | 1.2 | 2 | 2.5 |
| Dull work | 1.6 | 0.7 | 1 | 2.5 | |
| Monotony | 1.6 | 0.7 | 1 | 2.5 | |
| III. Unspecific factor | Nervousness | 2.8 | 1.3 | 2 | 3.0 |
| Oversaturation | 2.8 | 1.4 | 2 | 3.0 | |
| Fatigue | 3.5 | 1.2 | 4b | 3.0 | |
| Long-lasting load | 3.6 | 1.1 | 4b | 2.5 | |
| Overall | 2nd degree – overloading | ||||
[i] a According to Židková (7); b denotes exceeded critical limit
Explanatory notes: SD – standard deviation;
Table 3
Descriptive statistics for the subscales of Meister questionnaire (N=287).
| mean | SD | C | mean | SD | C | mean | SD | C | mean | SD | C | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normc | 8.4 | 3.2 | 10 | 7.6 | 3.0 | 9 | 11.7 | 4.4 | 14 | 25.0 | 8.1 | 29 |
| total | 10.0a | 2.7 | 11b | 5.6a | 2.0 | 7 | 12.7a | 3.8 | 14 | 28.4a | 7.1 | 32b |
| Age | ||||||||||||
| <35 years | 9.4a | 2.7 | 11b | 5.4a | 1.9 | 6 | 12.7 | 3.4 | 14 | 27.5a | 6.8 | 31b |
| 35 – 45 years | 10.2a | 2.3 | 11b | 5.3a | 1.8 | 6 | 12.2 | 3.5 | 14 | 27.7a | 5.7 | 31b |
| >45 years | 10.3a | 2.9 | 12b | 5.8a | 2.1 | 7 | 13.1a | 4.2 | 15b | 29.1a | 7.7 | 33b |
| Years of experience | ||||||||||||
| <20 years | 9.9a | 2.5 | 11b | 5.4a | 1.8 | 6 | 12.6a | 3.5 | 14 | 27.8a | 6.3 | 31b |
| >20 years | 10.2a | 2.9 | 12b | 5.8a | 2.1 | 7 | 12.9a | 4.1 | 15b | 28.9a | 7.7 | 33b |
| Education level | ||||||||||||
| middle | 9.8a | 2.9 | 11b | 5.9a | 2.1 | 6 | 12.6a | 4.1 | 13 | 28.3a | 7.6 | 28 |
| higher | 10.2a | 2.6 | 12b | 5.3a | 1.8 | 6 | 12.8a | 3.6 | 15b | 28.4a | 6.6 | 32b |
[i] a p<0.05 (t-test); b exceeded critical value; c According to Židková (7);
Abbreviations: SD – standard deviation; C – critical limit
Table 4
Psychosocial risks questionnaire evaluation and comparison between groups (N=287).
| yes | no | yes | no | yes | no | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Do you use your skills and abilities at work? | 282 (98.3) | 5 (1.7) | 95 (100.0) | 0 | 187 (97.4) | 5 (2.6) | 0.1126 |
| Do you decide on your own how to do your job? | 241 (84.0) | 46 (16.0) | 89 (93.7) | 6 (6.3) | 152 (79.2) | 40 (20.8) | 0.0016a |
| Do you consider your job as interesting, which inspires you to continuing education? | 272 (94.8) | 15 (5.2) | 92 (96.8) | 3 (3.2) | 180 (93.8) | 12 (6.2) | 0.2680 |
| Is your job performance fairly evaluated? | 73 (25.4) | 214 (74.6) | 33 (34.7) | 62 (65.3) | 40 (20.8) | 152 (79.2) | 0.0109a |
| Do you have enough time for your family due to your work? | 176 (61.3) | 111 (38.7) | 69 (72.6) | 26 (27.4) | 107 (55.7) | 85 (44.3) | 0.0057a |
| Do you have good relationships and social support with your co-workers? | 235 (81.9) | 52 (18.1) | 82 (86.3) | 13 (13.7) | 153 (79.7) | 39 (20.3) | 0.1701 |
| Can you rely on social support from your employer? | 184 (64.1) | 103 (35.9) | 68 (71.6) | 27 (28.4) | 116 (60.4) | 76 (39.6) | 0.0636 |
| Does your employer manage all safety hazards in the workplace? | 168 (58.5) | 119 (41.5) | 62 (65.3) | 33 (34.7) | 106 (55.2) | 86 (44.8) | 0.1037 |
| Do you think your health is managed well enough and protected in the workplace? | 151 (52.6) | 136 (47.4) | 65 (68.4) | 30 (31.6) | 86 (44.8) | 106 (55.2) | 0.0002a |
| Does violence or bullying occur in your workplace? | 59 (20.6) | 228 (79.4) | 13 (13.7) | 82 (86.3) | 46 (24.0) | 146 (76.0) | 0.0427a |
[i] a p<0.05 (chi-square test)
Table 5
Psychosocial risks questionnaire and comparison of demographic characteristics – kindergarten teachers’ perception of work as “mentally demanding” (N=192).
| Item | Do you consider your job as an interesting, which inspires you to continuing education? | p value | Is your job performance fairly evaluated? | p value | Can you rely on social support from your employer? | p value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | |||||||||
| yes | no | yes | no | yes | no | ||||
| Level of education | |||||||||
| middle | 85 (44.3) | 1 (0.5) | 0.2587 | 12 (6.3) | 74 (38.5) | 0.0345a | 45 (23.4) | 41 (21.4) | 0.0389a |
| higher | 102 (53.1) | 4 (2.1) | 28 (14.6) | 78 (40.6) | 71 (37.0) | 35 (18.2) | |||
| Age | |||||||||
| <35 years | 43 (22.4) | 3 (1.6) | 12 (6.3) | 34 (17.7) | 35 (18.2) | 11 (5.7) | |||
| 35 – 45 years | 50 (26.0) | 0 | 0.2528 | 18 (9.4) | 32 (16.7) | 0.0008a | 33 (17.2) | 17 (8.9) | 0.0077a |
| >45 years | 94 (49.0) | 2 (1.0) | 10 (5.2) | 86 (44.8) | 48 (25.0) | 48 (25.0) | |||
| Years of experience | |||||||||
| <20 | 90 (46.9) | 3 (1.6) | 28 (14.6) | 65 (33.9) | 65 (33.9) | 28 (14.6) | |||
| >20 | 97 (50.5) | 2 (1.0) | 0.6001 | 12 (6.3) | 87 (45.3) | 0.0021a | 51 (26.6) | 48 (25.0) | 0.0092a |
[i] a p<0.05 (chi-square test)