Table 1
Patient and operation related characteristics, surgical site infections (SSIs) cumulative incidence and SSIs incidence density by surgical category: Slovenian SSIs surveillance results (2013-2016) and EU/EEA SSIs surveillance results (2013-2014).
| Caesarean section | Cholecystectomy | Colon surgery | Hip prosthesis | Knee prosthesis | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Slovenia | EU/EEAa | Slovenia | EU/EEAa | Slovenia | EU/EEAa | Slovenia | EU/EEAa | Slovenia | EU/EEAa | |
| SSI surveillance period | 2013 | 2013–2014 | 2013-2016 | 2013–2014 | 2013–2014 | 2013–2014 | 2013–2014 | 2013–2014 | 2013–2014 | 2013–2014 |
| Number of hospitals | 4 | - | 3 | - | 1 | - | 1 | - | 1 | - |
| Number of operations | 313 | 199 546 | 620 | 102 622 | 47 | 61 031 | 51 | 329 749 | 49 | 201 197 |
| Median age (years) | 31 | 31d | 55 | 56 d | 75 | 69 d | 71 | 72 d | 72 | 70 d |
| ASAb ≥ 3 (%) | 1.0 | - | 13.2 | - | 36.2 | - | 43.1 | - | 57.1 | - |
| Urgent operations (%) | 55.9 | 53.6 d | 18.7 | 17.4 d | 21.3 | 18.2 d | 0 | 10.5 d | 0 | 2.1 d |
| Contaminated or dirty wounds (%) | 0 | 6.3 d | 3.4 | 15.4 d | 14.9 | 30.4 d | 0 | 1.3 d | 0 | 0.7 d |
| Antibiotic prophylaxisc (%) | 91.4 | 84.6 d | 27.3 | 48.3 d | 97.9 | 90.2 d | 94.1 | 97.2 d | 89.8 | 98.2 d |
| Median duration of operation (minutes) | 35 | 37 d | 52 | 60 d | 125 | 140 d | 70 | 75 d | 75 | 79 d |
| Total number of SSIs | 14 | 4443 | 36 | 1855 | 13 | 5784 | 2 | 3553 | 0 | 1103 |
| Median length of post-operative stay (days) | 5 | 4 d | 2 | 3 d | 7 | 8 d | 6 | 7 d | 6 | 5 d |
| Number of post-operative patient-days | 1 611 | 852 321 | 1 758 | 454 281 | 443 | 688 931 | 391 | 2 674 019 | 322 | 1 322 030 |
| Total number of SSIs before discharge | 6 | 594 | 12 | 684 | 11 | 3 902 | 1 | 1 231 | 0 | 256 |
| SSIs cumulative incidence (%) | 4.5 | 2.2 | 5.8 | 1.8 | 27.7 | 9.5 | 3.9 | 1.1 | 0 | 0.6 |
| (95 % CI) | (2.5-7.4) | (2.2-2.3) | (4.1-7.9) | (1.7-1.9) | (15.6-42.6) | (9.2-9.7) | (0.5-13.5) | (1.0-1.1) | (0.0-7.3) | (0.5-0.6) |
| Individual Slovenian hospitals estimates | 0 / 0 / 0,8 /13.8 | 3.3/4.0/ 22.1 | NA | NA | NA | |||||
| Variation in European hospitals Mean | 1.8 | 1.6 | 9.2 | 1.2 | 0.6 | |||||
| Median | 0.8 | 0.9 | 8.3 | 0.7 | 0.0 | |||||
| (10th percentile – 90th percentile) | (0.0-4.7) | (0.0-4.3) | (1.4-18.1) | (0.0-3.1) | (0.0-1.8) | |||||
| In-hospital SSIs incidence density / 1000 post-operative patient-days | 3.7 | 0.7 | 6.8 | 1.5 | 24.8 | 5.7 | 2.6 | 0.5 | 0 | 0.2 |
| (95 % CI) | (1.4-8.1) | (0.6-0.8) | (3.5-11.9) | (1.4-1.6) | (12.5 – 44.0) | (5.5-5.8) | (0.1-14.2) | (0.4-0.5) | (0.0-11.4) | (0.2-0.2) |
| Individual Slovenian hospitals | 0 / 0 / 0 | 4.1 / 9.2 / | NA | NA | NA | |||||
| estimates | / 11.5 | 11.9 | ||||||||
| Variation in European hospitals Mean | 0.7 | 1.4 | 5.6 | 0.5 | 0.2 | |||||
| Median | 0.0 | 0.0 | 4.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||||
| (10th percentile – 90th percentile) | (0.0-1.8) | (0.0-4.2) | (0.0-11.5) | (0.0-1.4) | (0.0-0.6) | |||||
SSIs: surgical site infections; EU: European Union; EEA: European Economic Area; ASA: American Society for Anaesthesiology; CI: confidence interval; NA: not applicable (only one hospital); data was not available.
a results of SSIs surveillance conducted in EU/EEA countries published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 7);
a results of SSIs surveillance conducted in EU/EEA countries published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 7);
a results of SSIs surveillance conducted in EU/EEA countries published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 7);
a results of SSIs surveillance conducted in EU/EEA countries published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 7);
a results of SSIs surveillance conducted in EU/EEA countries published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 7);
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
b ASA score was ascertained according to the protocol for the surveillance of SSIs in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9);
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).
d results based only on patient-based data collected according to the protocol for the surveillance of in Europe published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (see reference 9).